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Biomedical subjects

K Weise

Publications and source records attributed to K Weise.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Two-class psychiatry? A psychiatric university clinic in the community].

The German psychiatric care system focuses on the person of the patient and on the treatment in which he or she lives. Basing on this principle, the advantages of integrating the inpatient department of a general hospital or a psychiatric hospital into the level of a single sector (a single-stage care system within the community framework) are described, where the sector includes disturbing groups, in the various stages of the course a psychiatric disease takes in a patient. Fundamentally, patients suffering from severe chronic psychosis should also be included in this mode of treatment. In some cases it is still unavoidable to hospitalize such patients in a psychiatric hospital until appropriate facilities have been developed within a framework of the community, especially with regard to adequate complementary facilities. Taking into consideration the human and scientific interpretation of disease, an overall picture is visualised in respect of community-centered concentration of inpatient, day-patient and complementary care on the one hand, and centralised forms or care involving a hospital or psychiatric institutions on the other.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1995

Single amino acid substitutions in the glycoprotein B carboxy terminus influence the fusion from without property of herpes simplex virus type 1.

Syncytial mutations of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) strains ANG, ANG path, HFEM, tsB5 and HSZP cause extensive cell fusion and were mapped to the cytoplasmic domain of glycoprotein B (gB), within the syn 3 locus. These strains are so far the only ones which show the phenotype 'fusion from without' (FFWO): 60 min after infection with high m.o.i., cells in a tissue culture are fused without transcription and translation of the viral genome. In this report we detected, using the recombinants 27/III and K-7, that an amino acid exchange from Ala to Val at aa position 854 of gB is the main determinant for FFWO activity of strains ANG, ANG path and recombinant K-7. The transfer of this mutation to wild-type strains KOS and 17 syn+ by co-transfection results in recombinants KOS-854Q, 17-syn3, 17-syn3a and 17-syn3b. As a selection marker we used the cyclosporin A resistance of fusion which was shown to be a unique characteristic of syn 3 locus mutants. The recombinants show the FFWO phenotype in BHK cells but not in Vero cells. FFWO was shown to be cell-type dependent by comparing the number of p.f.u. needed to induce FFWO in various cell types.

Alanine↗
PubMed1995

Amino acid substitutions in glycoprotein D mediate the ability of fusion from without-positive herpes simplex virus type 1 strains to penetrate at 4 degrees and in the presence of soluble glycoprotein D.

In former studies, we described herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) strains ANG, ANG path and HSZP as strains with special fusion activities, caused by mutations in the syn 3 locus. In this report, we describe the special penetration properties of these strains: their ability to penetrate at 4 degrees and to overcome the infection block caused by soluble glycoprotein D-1 (gD-1) in the medium. Using intertypic recombinants of HSV-1 strains ANG path and KOS, we showed that these penetration properties are the result of two mutations in amino acids 25 (Leu-Pro) and 27 (Gln-Arg) in the N-terminal part of the mature gD-1 glycoprotein.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1994

A vaccinia virus--herpes simplex virus (HSV) glycoprotein B1 recombinant or an HSV vaccine overcome the HSV type 2 induced humoral immunosuppression and protect against vaginal challenge in BALB/c mice.

Primary infections with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) suppress the antibody response to secondary HSV-1 and -2 infections in the BALB/c mouse. In contrast, a challenge by the i.p. route using a vaccinia virus-HSV-1 glycoprotein B (VV gB1) recombinant induces a significant enhancement of the antibody response. This booster reaction is also observed if a challenge with a formalin-inactivated HSV-1 vaccine is performed. Although no or low humoral and vaginal antibodies are detectable after a single i.p. infection with the VV gB1 recombinant or the HSV-1 vaccine, protection against vaginal challenge with HSV-2 is induced. This points to the important role of cellular immunity for vaginal infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Evidence for a multistep mechanism for cell-cell fusion by herpes simplex virus with mutations in the syn 3 locus using heparin derivatives during fusion from within.

Addition of heparin-Na+ as well as related substances of high and intermediate MW (Arteparon and polyanion SP54) 3 h after infection inhibit fusion from within (FFWI) induced by HSV strains with mutations in the syn 3 locus only. The concentration of heparin-Na+ required to inhibit FFWI is 10-fold higher (1 mg/ml) than that needed to inhibit adsorption. Instead of fusion, cell rounding is observed. The effect is readily reversible. A low MW heparin disaccharide is ineffective. Neomycin, at a concentration of 8 mM, inhibits FFWI induced by all HSV-1 but not HSV-2 strains, whereas adsorption is inhibited at 3 mM. We conclude from our observations that cell-cell fusion (FFWI) induced by syn 3 locus mutants of HSV-1 depends on a multistep mechanism. One may be constituted by pre-existing cell-cell connections or microfusions leading to cell rounding, whereas another may be active using newly appearing cell bridges during FFWI; also the three-dimensional structure of the cell membrane may be of importance. Moreover, the molecular mechanisms of FFWI induced by mutations in the syn 3 locus compared to the other 5 syn loci should be different.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Cyclosporin A resistance of herpes simplex virus-induced "fusion from within" as a phenotypical marker of mutations in the Syn 3 locus of the glycoprotein B gene.

We here report research in which nine strains of Herpes simplex virus (HSV) with fusing activity were investigated in order to establish precise phenotypical markers of mutations in the carboxy terminus of glycoprotein B (gB). The gene region encoding the carboxy terminus of gB was isolated, then cloned, and finally sequenced. Our investigation showed that seven strains have different mutations in the syn 3 locus. We observed no base difference in the gB gene region encoding the carboxy terminus of gB of two other strains. Strains with a mutation in the carboxy terminus of gB induced fusion from within (FFWI) in the presence of Cyclosporin A (CyA) at a concentration up to 150 microM. There are two clusters of mutations correlated with the syn 3 locus and selected in the presence of CyA: One group comprised of amino acid substitutions at position 816, the other of changes at positions 853, 854, and 857. In contrast, the fusion induced by strains with mutations in other syn loci is CyA sensitive. CyA inhibits the FFWI at concentrations of 20-60 microM. The results demonstrate the CyA resistance of HSV-induced FFWI should serve as a phenotypical marker of mutations in the carboxy terminus of gB. Moreover, our investigations revealed that fusion from without (FFWO) does not always serve as a phenotypical marker of mutations in the syn 3 locus. On the one hand, all FFWO-positive strains possess a syn 3 locus mutation, whilst, on the other hand, five strains with mutations in the carboxy terminus of gB are FFWO negative.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Psychological development of technology-dependent children.

Reviewed the psychosocial and developmental challenges faced by technology-dependent children, their families, and their caregivers. Previous literature which has examined psychological outcome in children with repeated hospitalizations is presented. Psychosocial implications for programs addressing the needs of technology-dependent children are discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1994

[Variability of the length and joint angle proportions of the distal radius].

The anatomical proportions of length and degree of joint-angles on the distal end of the radius and ulna show an wide variety in our population. 926 x-rays of "normal" and injured wrist-joints performed during 1984-89 were exactly measured and compared in respect to length and joint-angles of radius and ulna. Comparing the results with earlier reports in the literature it can be demonstrated that apparently there has been a remarkable change of the anatomical proportions in this region in the course of time and generations. The knowledge of the anatomical conditions is essential in acute traumatology as well as in corrections of posttraumatic wrist-deformities by osteotomy, bone grafting and internal fixation in regard to a posttraumatic restricted joint-function.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Pathogenesis of HSV-1/2 induced vaginitis/vulvitis of the mouse: dependence of lesions on genetic properties of the virus and analysis of pathohistology.

A scoring system for herpes simplex virus (HSV) induced vaginitis/vulvitis in Balb/c mice was delineated from vaginal infections. Four degrees of vaginitis/vulvitis could be distinguished after infection with suitable strains of HSV despite nearly identical replication rates. The time course of replication, inflammation and pathohistology was compared further. Grade 0 was defined by lack of symptoms despite presence of strong replication, which was detectable at days 3-6. Focal necrotic lesions of the epithelial layer were present containing HSV-specific antigens. DNA could be detected by hybridization only in the outer zone of these areas. At day 6 these zones began to be re-epithelialized. In the vaginal lumen abundant detached epithelial cells and granulocytes were already present by day 2. Grade 1 was macroscopically characterized by a slight inflammation commencing on days 5-6. Replication and antigens in the epithelium were found on days 2-6. HSV-antigens were only detected above the basal membrane, and some infiltration with granulocytes and lymphocytes was observed below the basal membrane at day 4. Grade 2 showed strong redness and inflammation as well as hyperemia. Cellular infiltrates were present in the large antigen containing epithelial lesions and below the basal membrane. From day 4 on, neurons were HSV-antigen and DNA positive and macrophages in the stroma contained antigen. The vulva was also shown to be involved. Grade 3 exhibited prolonged severe hyperemia, and destruction of the epithelium and the stroma with necrosis and infiltration, especially of the vulva. This grading system was shown to depend on certain unknown genetic properties of HSV-strains. Neither thymidine-kinase activity, replication in macrophages, fusion activity of strains nor presence or absence of the Hpa I P-fragment were shown to be of importance for severity of vaginitis/vulvitis. Vaginitis/vulvitis was shown to be an all or none response to HSV independent of the rate of replication. The set of virus genes responsible for neuroinvasiveness after vaginal or i.p. inoculation was found to be different. The time course of replication (mainly days 3-6) and inflammation (days 5-10) indicates that inflammation seems to be a secondary immunological phenomenon induced later by the replication phase of HSV. Our system could be useful for separately testing drugs with antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Acute cholecystitis in a traumatologic patient sample].

Among the patients of the Accident Hospital of the Co-operative Trade Association Tübingen, there were 11 cases of acute cholecystitis between 1985 and 1991. Acute cholecystitis occurred after polytrauma (n = 5), multiple fractures (n = 2), head injury (n = 1), fracture of femoral neck (n = 1) or elective hip surgery (arthrodesis, total hip replacement) (n = 2). The mean age was 57 (16-89) years, acute cholecystitis was confirmed 27 (6-54) days after trauma of surgery. 7 cases presented as acute acalculous cholecystitis, whereas in 4 cases of acute cholecystitis cholecystolithiasis was present. 9 patients were treated via cholecystectomy; one juvenile paraplegic recovered after conservative treatment, one 82-year old female was in too bad condition for surgery so that percutaneous cholecystostomy had to be performed prior to cholecystectomy. 10 patients recovered without complication, one 89-year old multi-morbid male died after cholecystectomy. Analysis of the clinical course prior to the occurrence of acute cholecystitis showed a high incidence of shock, frequent blood transfusion, long-time respiratory therapy and parenteral nutrition as well severe trauma, and high cumulation of opiate therapy in this group of patients. Diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasound in all patients, clinical symptoms and laboratory data being mostly unspecific.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Change in treatment procedure after primary external fixator osteosynthesis in polytrauma patients].

In polytrauma patients stabilisation of fractures is of minor importance compared with life-saving surgical interventions concerning the body cavities. Because of persisting instability especially of long bones with disadvantageous effects on the state of shock and the respiratory system (fat embolism, ARDS) early stabilisation of fractures should be achieved. In our experience the majority of cases allows external fixation of long bone fractures simultaneously with or following the life-saving operations. Postoperative positioning and nursing as well as additional diagnostic procedures are considerably facilitated. An early change of the stabilisation method should be performed as soon as possible if tolerated by the general and soft tissue conditions. Follow-up of 54 patients with 76 fractures stabilised primarily by external fixator demonstrates our experiences with planning and realisation of the change of stabilisation method. The functional and radiological results after an average of 28 months are pointed out.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Results of treatment of 475 second- and third-degree open fractures of long tubular bones (1974-1988)].

Open fractures with severe soft tissue damage are undergoing a change in therapeutic management. The impairment of vascularisation concerning bone and surrounding tissue has been gaining increasing importance. In addition to the primary stabilisation of 2 degrees and 3 degrees open fractures of long bones by external fixation including open wound treatment with artificial skin substitutes, local or free muscle flaps became an essential part of therapy. The early change of method after reconstruction of the soft tissue defect from external fixation to an internal osteosynthesis, i.e. the interlocking nail, as well as the use of autogenous cancellous bone graft and the possibility of segmental transport techniques are additional procedures. From 1974 to 1988 a total of 475 2 degrees and 3 degrees open fractures of long bones were initially treated at the BGU Tübingen. The follow-up of three groups of patients shows the development in therapeutic management of these severe injuries. In spite of a considerable rate of postoperative infections most cases show satisfactory functional results within an acceptable period of time (infection rate between 11.4 and 22.2%, average bone healing between 26 and 30 weeks).

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Value of the radiologic Lachman test in evaluating long-term results of operations on the anterior cruciate ligament].

A retrospective study including a 5-years follow-up of 114 patients, that had been operated because of a lesion of the anterior cruciate ligament, used the parameters of the IKDC-score, in 110 cases a radiological Lachman-test was performed simultaneously. A comparison of patient's subjective estimate, of clinical testings, using the pivot shift-test and measurement of anterior instability with the KT-1000 knee arthrometer, and of radiological Lachman-test shows correlations between the 3 first parameters with mostly good results, but poor results in radiological Lachman-test. Mistakes in using the KT-1000 arthrometer may be a reason for this, or a much higher sensitivity of the radiological method, which seems to make it problematic analyzing the radiological measures within the same limits as the arthrometric measures especially in view of demanded scaling scores.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament↗
PubMed1992

Relationship between HLA I surface expression and different cytopathic effects produced after herpes simplex virus infection in vitro.

In the present study, we investigated the effects of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection on the expression of HLA class I antigens and beta 2-microglobulin in human fibroblasts. The mRNA abundance for HLA class I was shown to be strongly reduced after infection with HSV strains either producing cell rounding or fusion from within (FFWI), however, HLA class I expression on the surface of cells is strongly reduced only after appearance of FFWI. Using a ts mutant (ts 78R) or CyA in combination with a fusion from without (FFWO) inducing strain of HSV, this loss of HLA class I antigens is assumed to be correlated to the rearrangement of the cell membrane during the fusion process itself as a late event of cytopathogenicity.

Blotting, Northern↗