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Biomedical subjects

K W Franklin

Publications and source records attributed to K W Franklin.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Rorschach interpretation with high-ability adolescent females: psychopathology or creative thinking?

Highly intelligent and creative persons have long posed interpretation difficulties for users of the Rorschach Inkblot Test. This study examined Exner's (1993) Schizophrenia, Depression, and Coping Deficit indices as adjustment measures in a sample of 43 female adolescents enrolled in an early college entrance program and a comparison group of 19 girls enrolled in public high school gifted programs. Contrary to conventional interpretation, higher scores on the Rorschach Schizophrenia Index among the accelerants were correlated with healthy emotional adjustment on both the California Psychological Inventory and the Self-Perception Profile for Adolescents (SPPA). Further analyses offered support for the hypothesis that among accelerants, elevated scores on the Rorschach constellations did not indicate psychopathology, but rather their creative thinking style.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1983

Combined vasodilator therapy for chronic congestive heart failure.

There are few data to support the potential efficacy of combined vasodilator therapy for severe congestive heart failure. For documentation of the feasibility of such an approach, a short-term hemodynamic study utilizing captopril, an oral converting enzyme inhibitor, followed by the addition of nitroprusside infusion, was made of 11 patients with severe chronic congestive heart failure. Captopril alone resulted in reduction of mean arterial pressure (84 +/- 7 to 70 +/- 3 mm Hg), associated with increase of cardiac index and stroke index. There was also a significant reduction of systemic resistance and pulmonary wedge pressure. The initial hemodynamic response to captopril was correlated with initial plasma renin activity (all values at least p less than 0.05). The addition of nitroprusside to captopril resulted in further hemodynamic improvement. Reduction of mean arterial pressure, systemic vascular resistance, and pulmonary wedge pressure were all significant, as were increases of cardiac index and stroke index. The degree of hemodynamic improvement with this sequence of vasodilator therapy was linearly related to the reduction of mean arterial pressure. Therefore vasodilators with dissimilar mechanisms of action may have an additive effect. These data support the potential feasibility of combined, long-term oral vasodilator therapy in selected subgroups of patients with congestive heart failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Postural hypotension during tilt with chronic captopril and diuretic therapy of severe congestive heart failure.

The hemodynamic mechanism by which patients with chronic congestive heart failure (CHF) maintain their blood pressure (BP) in the upright posture is distinct from that of normal and hypertensive individuals. There are little data regarding the effects of chronic vasodilator therapy on the mechanisms controlling this response, especially in the presence of diuretic therapy. Therefore, 10 consecutive patients with severe chronic CHF underwent hemodynamic tilt study following acute and chronic captopril therapy. One patient developed orthostatic hypotension following first-dose captopril, but 6 of 10 had a mean BP decrease of 70 +/- 6 to 56 +/- 3 mm Hg on tilt following chronic captopril. This associated with significant reduction of plasma aldosterone, and was abolished on re-tilt following acute saline infusion. Therefore, during chronic captopril therapy of CHF, a reduction of diuretic dosage may be necessary to prevent orthostatic hypotension.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Sympathetic responsiveness and plasma norepinephrine during therapy of chronic congestive heart failure with captopril.

The interaction of cardiac function and sympathetic tone in severe chronic heart failure was evaluated in 24 patients by assessing the cardiac index/plasma norepinephrine relationship. Potential changes were assessed during first-dose and long-term captopril therapy including sympathetic responsiveness to the gravitational stress of head-up tilt. Because cardiac index and norepinephrine levels demonstrated a significant inverse correlation (r = -0.640, p less than 0.001). Norepinephrine decreased from 803 +/- 116 to 635 +/- 76 pg/ml following first-dose captopril therapy (p less than 0.02), with overall hemodynamic improvement. However significant first-dose correlations were not observed. During long-term therapy, norepinephrine decreased from 694 +/- 118 to 457 +/- 106 pg/ml, associated with improvement of symptoms and exercise tolerance. The extent of cardiac index increase was matched by norepinephrine reduction, so that their correlation was maintained (r = -0.540, p less than 0.02). First-dose and long-term therapy were associated with improved responsiveness of sympathetic tone to the reduction of cardiac index induced by the gravitational stress of tilt. In summary, sympathetic tone was increased in severe heart failure, correlating inversely with cardiac function. Although there was improvement of cardiac function with first-dose captopril therapy, significant correlations of supine improvement with reduction of sympathetic tone were noted primarily with long-term therapy. Responsiveness of sympathetic tone to the stress of tilt however, was evident during first-dose and long-term therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Mechanisms governing the postural response and baroreceptor abnormalities in chronic congestive heart failure: effects of acute and long-term converting-enzyme inhibition.

We assessed the hemodynamic and hormonal response to tilt and the baroreceptor response in 12 patients in sinus rhythm with severe chronic congestive heart failure. We also assessed the response to acute (n = 12) and chronic (n = 8) converting-enzyme inhibition with captopril. The control tilt was characterized by high cardiac filling pressures, absence of significant peripheral pooling and apparent absence of afferent stimuli for hemodynamic and hormonal response. After acute captopril, the hemodynamic response to tilt was improved, but not normalized. The chronic response was characterized by the absence of a reflex increase of systemic vascular resistance on tilt despite peripheral pooling. Five patients developed orthostatic hypotension, but responded to acute infusion of 0.9% sodium chloride. Efferent sympathetic activity (response to cold pressor) was abnormal during the control study, but indistinguishable from normal subjects by the time of chronic captopril therapy. This paralleled an improved responsiveness of plasma catecholamines during chronic tilt. The Valsalva maneuver remained abnormal. There was a distinct absence of the normally anticipated heart rate increase on tilt, suggesting a parasympathetic abnormality.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Suppression of granulopoiesis in diffusion chambers by syngeneic clonal acute myelogenous leukemia cells or peritoneal exudate macrophages.

To determine the mechanism by which acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cells suppress normal marrow granulopoiesis, diffusion chambers containing Wistar/Furth (W/Fu) rat marrow cells, peritoneal exudate (PE) macrophages or W/Fu AML clone-3 cells were implanted intraperitoneally into syngeneic irradiated rats. Growth of each population over 21 days in single or double diffusion chambers (in which cell populations were separated by a Nucleopore filter) was compared to that of mixed populations. Double diffusion chamber culture of homologous or heterologous combinations had no detectable effect on growth kinetics of any of the three cell populations compared to single chambers. In contrast, normal granulocyte proliferation was significantly depressed by single chamber co-cultivation with one tenth the number of PE macrophages or AML cells. Mixing PE macrophages with AML cells produced no preferential population suppression. AML cells differentiation was not detected under any set of conditions. These studies demonstrate that physical contact with proliferating normal macrophages as well as AML cells will suppress granulopoiesis in diffusion chambers.

Animals↗