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Biomedical subjects

K Vondra

Publications and source records attributed to K Vondra.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Some recent findings in obesity.

The tendency of some obese subjects to an energy-sparing reaction can be induced temporarily by attempts of the patient to reduce his overweight by prolonged starvation. This regulatory reaction may be induced by regulatory especially thyroid mechanisms. In obesity of both sexes a tendency to anaerobic energy utilization in the muscle can be revealed and so a tendency to decrease energy utilization in general. The differences in insulinemia (IRI) displayed a prevalence of maternal obesity in the group with higher levels of basal and stimulated IRI values, which decline after changes in diet and body weight. This behavior of IRI levels and amount and composition of diet indicate a possible permissive role of previous food consumption habits.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1978

Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase as a possible diagnostic tool in ischemic heart disease.

Basal values of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) were estimated in healthy subjects, in patients with the so-called risk ischemic heart diseases (IHD)--obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipoproteinemia II--and in patients with a IHD-infarction of the myocardium. A precise method employing a 14C-4-cholesterol-labeled common normolipidemic substrate was used. A highly significant difference in the average values of LCAT activity between healthy men and women was found. LCAT in men with 'risk' diseases decreased, while in women it remained at the level of the reference group. To assess the dependence between LCAT-dependent indicators and IHD, criteria for evaluating the deviations from reference values were proposed. The number of deviations from the reference group increased in the sequence: obesity, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipoproteinemia, and the infarction of the myocardium.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Obesity and thyroid function. 3. Relationship between some indicators of thyroid function and the energy metabolism of striated muscle in obese women.

1. In a group of 23 obese women the relations between some indicators of thyroid function (thyroxine-binding globuline--T4BG, triiodothyronine-binding globuline--T3BG, Achilles tendon reflex--ART) on the one hand and activities of enzymes of the energy metabolism (hexokinase--HK, triose phosphate dehydrogenase--TPDH, lactate dehydrogenase--LDH, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase--GPDH, citrate synthease--CS, malate dehydrogenase--MDH, hydroxyacyl--COA dehydrogenase) in the quadriceps femoris muscle on the other hand were investigated. 2. Correlations were found between T4BG and TPDH, LDH and GPDH activities, between T3BG and TPDH and GPDH activities and between the value of the Achilles tendon reflex and TPDH activity. Functionally these enzymes activities are associated with glycolysis and hydrogen transport from cytoplasmatic NADH2. No correlations were found between enzymes of the aerobic metabolism incl. enzymes of fatty acid oxidation and indicators of thyroid function. 3. The results indicate a relationship between thyroid function and enzymes involved in glycolysis and hydrogen transport from cytoplasmatic NADH2. They do not suggest, however, the unequivocal conclusion that in obese women with reduced thyroid function there is a generally reduced energy supplying metabolism in skeletal muscle.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1977

Short-term fasting in the treatment of obesity.

Short-term fasting (five days) accompanied by negative nitrogen balance induced protein sparing effect in the realimentation period at obese persons on the hypocaloric diet. To utilise the starvation induced activation of mechanism compensating the losses of body protein 5-day starvation was alternated with 3-day intervals on 500 kcal diet (60 g of protein), the cycle was repeated five-times. The results of repeated estimations of body composition (densitometry) revealed, that at this regimen the losses of the body fat were in a marked preponderance over the lean body mass (63% versus 37% of the weight decrease). The repeated periods of starvation are well tolerated and appeared to be effective and safe (provided that states with contraindication of starvation are excluded).

Anorexia↗
PubMed1977

Enzyme activities in quadriceps femoris muscle of obese diabetic male patients.

In biopsy samples of the lateral part of the quadriceps femoris muscle of 6 obese diabetic male patients and of 11 obese males with a normal glucose tolerance, the activities of 7 enzymes of energy metabolism were estimated: hexokinase, cytoplasmic glycerol-3-phosphate: NAD dehydrogenase, triosephosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase, malate dehydrogenase and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase. The obese diabetic male patients exhibited decreased activities of enzymes of carbohydrate breakdown and cytoplasmic NAD regeneration. Enzymes connected functionally with aerobic metabolism were less affected. The unchanged activity of 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase points to an increased role of fatty acid catabolism in the muscle.

3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1977

Immunoreative insulin in obesity of adult women.

The levels of immunoreactive insulin (IRI) in 58 obese women and 14 controls were studied. The investigation revealed: (1) higher IRI levels in obese patients compared to controls, with a tendency to normalization after weight reduction (2) a correlation between IRI values and the degree of obesity, the amount of fat and lean body mass. The closest relation was found between stimulated IRI values and the Broca index (3) the ratio glucose/insulin was lower in the obese women before and after a glucose load. After a decrease of body weight by 11 per cent this ratio did not change significantly (4) a negative correlation between the glucose/insulin ratio and body weight, overweight, body fat and lean body mass.

Adult↗