Biomedical subjects

K Voigt

Publications and source records attributed to K Voigt.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources

PubMed1976

Cerebral blood volume alterations during fractional pneumoencephalography.

Simultaneous and continuous measurements of the cerebral blood volume (CBV), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood pressure were carried out in six patients during fractional pneumoencephalography in order to examine intracranial volumetric interactions. Three patients (Group A) showed normal encephalographic findings, and in three patients (Group B) communicating hydrocephalus with convexity block was found encephalographically. In all patients the injection of air was followed by an immediate increase of CSF pressure and blood pressure and a concomitant decrease of CBV. The initial CSF pressure was invariably re-established within 3 to 3.5 min. During this time interval the CBV of the patients of Group B decreased significantly and 30 percent more than that of Group A. Furthermore, after restoration of the original CSF pressure, CBV returned to its initial level in all patients of Group A, whereas it remained unchanged or showed a further decrease in the patients of Group B. Removal of an amount of CSF corresponding to half of the amount of injected air was followed by a significant reactive hyperemic response in two normal patients. The intracranial volumetric alterations during fractional pneumoencephalography are discussed in detail with respect to the underlying physiologic mechanisms and are suggested as a model for acute and low pressure hydrocephalus.

Adult↗

PubMed1976

[Diagnostic and therapeutic results of superselective cerebral angiographies in pathologic lesions in the vascular area of the human external carotid artery (author's transl)].

Technical performance, radiological findings as well as the diagnostic and therapeutic significance of superselective cerebral angiographies, performed with a telescopic catheter system, and consecutive embolizations are described in pathologic lesions in the vascular area of the human external carotid artery. In 46 patients vascular malformations (angiomas, fistulas) and vascular tumors (angiofibromas) as well as other tumors (glomus tumors, meningeomas) were demonstrated by angiographies of distal external carotid branches; in further 16 patients there were normal angiographic findings. It is shown by examples that superselective cerebral angiographies fulfill microangiographic properties. Pathological findings of vascular malformations and tumors were demonstrated which could not have been shown with other examination techniques. Besides the improved and more detailed diagnostic information these superselective angiographies of external carotid branches enabled successful embolizations of pathologic lesions by gelfoam-injections or selective occlusions of branches feeding angiomas or tumors by silicone polymerization. These embolizations were not done in patients with arterio-venous fistulas (9). The clinical application, limitations and further development of cerebral embolization techniques are discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1975

[Two-dimensional ultrasonic diagnosis of brain tumors and subdural hematomas by electronic sector scanning (author's transl)].

Electronic sector scanning (ESS) is a new two-dimensional ultrasonic technique which provides continuous and instantaneous cross-sections of intracranial structures through the intact skull, including the ventricles and large cerebral arteries, by means of a stationary probe. 2. The efficiency of the ESS in the diagnosis of brain tumors and extracerebral hematomas in 295 neuroradiologically controlled cases out of an unselected number of patients during 1972-1974 is described. 3. Supratentorial brain tumors can be detected directly with the ESS by abnoramal reflections of the tumors as well as indirectly by displacement of intracranial reference structures, mainly the ventricular borders. In 239 cases of suspected brain tumor, 126 were neurodiologically confirmed as supratentorial brain tumors. Among these 126 brain tumors the correct localization was determined by the ESS in 86.5%. 4. The highest reliability of the ESS proved to be the direct demonstration of frontal tumors (93%), whereas space-occupying lesions near the midline could be shown only in 79%. Up to now there have been difficulties in the diagnosis of tumors situated near bony structures, e.g., calvarian meningiomas. 5. Subdural hematomas (56 patients) could be lateralized correctly in 93%. Hwever, direct demonstration of the border of the hematomas could be achieved only in 48,2%. Chronic subdural hematomas in children are easier to recognize and the border could be demonstrated in 18 out of 19 cases. 6. The clinical applicability and diagnostic values of the ESS as a nontraumatic investigation procedure are discussed in comparison to cerebral angiography, pneumoencephalography, brain scintigraphy, and CAT scan. scintigraphy, and CAT scan.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1975

Rotational cerebral roentgenography. I. Evaluation of the technical procedure and diagnostic application with model studies.

A rotational cerebral roentgenographic technique with a 70 mm camera is elaborated in model studies of the plain and cerebrovascular system. The tube-camera-unit rotates in a semicircle in 5 to 6 seconds around a skull placed in the isocentrum. All special projections of the skull are obtained routinely during one rotational manoeuvre, and intracranial calcifications, foreign bodies and abnormalities of the calvarium are demonstrated sequentially in oblique or tangential views. Studies of the basal cerebral arteries have shown that the localization, size and configuration of arterial aneurysms and stenoses can be demonstrated reliably without changing the position of the skull. An exposure frequency of 6/sec results invariably in excellent stereoscopic views. The diagnostic value and applicability of this technique is discussed.

Cerebral Angiography↗

PubMed1975

Unusual roentgenological findings in cytomegalic inclusion body disease: large and circumscribed calcareous deposits of the basal ganglia and scattered calcifications of the parieto-occipital cortex.

The roentgenological and clinical findings of a five year old girl suffering from cytomegalic inclusion body disease are reported. In this disease unusual circumscript and large calcareous deposits of the basal ganglia and scattered gyriform calcifications of the occipito-parietal cortex were shown on plain skull x-rays and their paraventricular localization demonstrated on pneumoencephalotomogram.

Basal Ganglia↗

PubMed1975

[Super-selective cerebral angiography. I. Animal experiments and methods of a simple technique (author's transl)].

The experimental basis and the results of a simple and easy catheter technique for the super-selective angiographic demonstration of small arteries in dogs are described. By Seldinger technique, a catheter is placed in the main artery near the origin of a branch. A selective catheter is then passed through it and placed in the arterial branch being demonstrated. With this "telescopic" technique, it was possible to achieve super-selective angiography of external branches with a lumen less than 2 mm. and also filling of the internal carotid artery and its branches without any complications, using seven dogs. The application of this technique for super-selective cerebral angiography in man is discussed.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

[Super-selective cerebral angiography. II. Use and first results in man (author's transl)].

The use and first results of a super-selective cerebral angiographic technique in five patients as previously described and using a simple telescopic catheter principle are reported. Two patients were examined in order to determine onset of death and three who had been in a coma for several weeks following severe cerebral trauma. In one patient the examination was unsuccessful because of difficulties with the puncture. In one patient in whom death was to be determined, no filling of the intracranial arteries against cerebrovascular resistance was possible, although the catheter tip was placed in the carotid syphon. In three patients, super-selective filling of the anterior cerebral arteries proved possible. Compared with routine carotid angiography, more detailed information could be obtained and there was no overlap between individual arteries. There were no untoward effects from this catheter procedure.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1975

Rare and combined vertebrobasilar dysplasias related to vascular maldevelopment at different embryonal stages.

Angiographically demonstrated combined and complex angiodysplasias of the vertebrobasilar system are rare. As in our case, they can be attributed to a vascular maldevelopment in several consecutive embryonal stages: the angioma-like arterial network of the left posterior cerebral artery and the non-union and overcrossing of the vertebral arteries in the region of the prepontine cistern represent an early defect (up to 15 mm stage); the aneurysmatic ectasia of the right vertebral artery with a second pedunculated aneurysm at its uppermost part may be due to a later defect (up to 40 mm stage) of the cerebral vascular development.

Adult↗

PubMed1975

Radiological topography and classification of angioma-like arterial networks in cerebro-vascular collateral circulation.

The radiological appearance and localization of collateral cerebrovascular networks are described. The development and distribution of these arterial networks is due to the site of internal carotid artery stenoses. Including interposed arterial nets, the following types are classified: (1) basal arterial networks near the carotid siphon; (2) arterial networks in the region of the basal ganglia (Moyamoya syndrome); (3) ethmoid arterial networks; (4) arterial networks on the cerebral convexity representing transdural external-internal carotid anastomoses, and (5) circumscribed arterial networks interposed in the course of a major cerebral vessel. The differential diagnostic criteria and aetiological factors of these anastomotic intracranial networks are discussed.

Brain Neoplasms↗

PubMed1975

[Inflammatory cerebro-vascular disease: angiographic findings and distribution patterns (author's transl)].

Although cerebral angiography should be approached with caution in the diagnosis of inflammatory cerebro-vascular disease there are some characteristic angiographic findings which may be helpful for classification and differential diagnosis. The proximal cerebral arteries are favourably affected by basal meningitis and thrombangiitis obliterans with resulting stenoses and occlusions. Whereas those inflammations originating from neighbouring skull structures mostly involve the intracavernous parts of the carotid artery, the tuberculous and mycotic arteritis prefer the supraclinoid carotid siphon. Peripheral vascular changes are found in luetic endangiitis, necrotizing and toxic angiitis and in collagenoses. Simultaneous involvement of the temporal arteries is of great diagnostic importance demonstrating the systemic character of the inflammatory process; in Horton's arteritis it can be a pathognomonic finding. Infectious endocarditis, some mycoses and malaria may lead to embolic occlusion of cerebral vessels. Mycotic aneurysms mostly have a broad base or a fusiform shape and do not prefer the localizations of congenital aneurysms. Angiographically, abscesses, tuberculomas and viral encephalitis may result in circumscribed hypervascularized areas. The characteristic angiographic findings are exemplified and discussed on the basis of 8 cases of inflammatory cerebro-vascular disease (tuberculosis, pneumococcal and unspecific bacterial meningitis, syphilis, mycosis, Takayasu-syndrome, panarteritis nodosa, temporal arteritis).

Adult↗

PubMed1974