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Biomedical subjects

K Viskum

Publications and source records attributed to K Viskum.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Thoracoscopy: influence of the procedure on some respiratory and cardiac values.

In eight patients with pleural effusion arterial oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions (PaO2 and PaCO2), pH, respiratory frequency, and cardiac rhythm and frequency were measured before, during, and after thoracoscopy. Four of the patients had a PaO2 below 70 mm Hg (9.3 kPa) before the procedure. During and after the procedure respiratory frequency increased and PaCO2 fell, indicating hyperventilation, while the other indices remained unchanged. It is concluded that respiration and the circulation readily adapt to the changes produced by the pneumothorax and the manipulation during thoracoscopy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A quantitative and qualitative study of blood monocytes in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma.

Absolute circulating number and functions of blood monocytes (i.e., pinocytosis, phagocytosis, and chemotaxis) were studied in 25 patients with untreated bronchogenic carcinoma and in 28 control subjects. The absolute circulating monocyte count was increased in 20 (80%) of the patients. There was no difference in the pinocytic and phagocytic activity of patient and control monocytes. In contrast, patient monocytes showed depressed chemotactic responsiveness. This defect was more severe in small cell anaplastic carcinoma than in the other histologic types of bronchogenic carcinoma (P = 0.0001), and may explain the difference in macrophage infiltration seen in solid tumours of the lung. There was no correlation between chemotaxis and clinical stage. Depressed chemotaxis may be related to a plasma factor, since patient plasma inhibited the chemotaxis of control monocytes as well as the activity of chemotactic agents. The defective chemotaxis and the presence of plasma inhibitory activity may interfere with the ability of blood monocytes to accumulate as macrophages in tumour sites.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Defective monocyte chemotaxis in pulmonary tuberculosis.

Because mononuclear phagocytes are crucially involved in the host resistance to mycobacterial challenge, various functions of human monocytes (i.e. pinocytosis, phagocytosis and chemotaxis) were studied in 15 patients with active, untreated pulmonary tuberculosis and in 32 controls. There was no difference in the pinocytic and phagocytic activity of tuberculous and control monocytes. In contrast, tuberculosis monocytes showed depressed chemotaxis compared with control monocytes (P = 0.000001). This defect may be related to a plasma factor, since tuberculous plasma inhibited the chemotaxis of control monocytes as well as the activity of chemotactic agents.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Thoracoscopy].

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Aged↗
PubMed1981

Diagnostic thoracoscopy.

During a 5-year period, diagnostic thoracoscopy was attempted in 566 patients and successfully performed in 556. No deaths due to thoracoscopy occurred and complications were few. In patients with malignant disease of the pleura, positive biopsies were obtained in 95 of 137 patients (69%). A positive culture for tubercle bacilli was obtained from pleural biopsy in 27 of 36 patients (75%) with bacteriologically confirmed pleural tuberculosis. Thoracoscopy improved the diagnostic accuracy in these conditions. In patients with benign tumours as well as anatomical abnormalities thoracoscopy was diagnostic. In other conditions thoracoscopy was rarely able to give a positive diagnosis, but it proved very helpful in ruling out malignant disease and tuberculosis. The number of false positive was small, about 3% in this series.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Hyaline pleural plaques and asbestos bodies in 198 randomized autopsies.

In 198 randomized autopsies of adults, hyaline pleural plagues were found in 49 men and 17 women; bilateral in 47 cases, unilateral in 19. No correlation between previous pr present pulmonary disease and hyaline plaques was found. Asbestos bodies were found in nine men and five women; nine out of these 14 cases with asbestos bodies also had hyaline pleural plaques.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The ABO and rhesus blood groups in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

During the 3 year period 1970-1972 a total of 554 patients were notified for the first time as having bacillary or abacillary pulmonary tuberculosis in the Municipality of Copenhagen; 99 per cent of these patients were typed according to the ABO and rhesus system. The bacillary patients showed an excess of group O and AB and a deficit of A and B as compared to the general population. The deviations were statistically highly significant for group O and A. The distribution according to the rhesus system did not deviate from the expected pattern. The ABO and rhesus distribution of the abacillary patients did not differ significantly from the expected pattern. During a follow-up period of 2-5 years after the initial diagnosis 104 bacillary patients died; the ABO pattern among the survivors was now closer to the normal; this resulted from a high number of deaths from tuberculosis among patients of group O and a low number among those belonging to group A. More rhesus negative patients died from tuberculosis than rhesus positive. It is concluded that a study of the ABO and rhesus pattern among the tuberculosis patients becomes biased if a break-down by bacteriological findings and history is not made. It is also important that the study covers all patients who contract tuberculosis within a certain period, as the longevity of the patients is apparently to some extent dependent on their blood group.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1975

Mind and ulcer.

Among 2,619 patients admitted to a medical department for duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and ulcer dyspepsia without ulcer demonstrable by x-ray, admissions to psychiatric departments were investigated. A total of 20.4% of the patients had at some time during their lifetime been admitted, but no significant differences were observed in percentage among the three ulcer groups or the sexes. The incidence of psychoses was close to the expected, whereas neuroses among women and neuroses and psychopathy among men were far in excess of the expected. Among those operated on, the percentage of persons admitted to a psychiatric department was greater than among unoperated patients and their number of admissions per 100 observation years were significantly greater than for unoperated patients, within well-defined observation periods. For patients operated on, only men with duodenal ulcer had significantly more admissions per 100 observation years in the postoperative than in the preoperative period. The course of the disease was more severe for patients with duodenal and gastric ulcer admitted to a psychiatric department than for those not admitted, but the subjective status at the time of the follow-up did not differ between the two groups. Among men, there were a number of heavy drinkers, especially among those operated on.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Ulcer, attempted suicide and suicide.

Attempted suicide and suicide have been investigated among 2,619 patients suffering from duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and ulcer dyspepsia without ulcer demonstrable by x-ray. There was no difference in the percentage of attempted suicides and suicides among the three ulcer groups or between the sexes. Within well-defined periods, there was a statistically significant greater excess of attempted suicides among patients operated on than among unoperated patients. The distribution according to psychiatric diagnosis was very similar to the one observed among persons in general in Copenhagen attempting suicide. The number of patients committing suicide exceeded the expected number significantly, for men as well as for women, but there was no difference between patients operated on and unoperated patients. The psychiatric diagnoses of those committing suicide were predominantly neuroses and psychopathy.

Denmark↗
PubMed1975

Ulcer disease and the law.

Among 1,780 male persons with duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and ulcer dyspepsia without ulcer demonstrable by x-ray, 737 (21%) had been convicted of law offences. There were no differences among the three ulcer groups with regard to the frequencies of the different crimes or the percentage of persons in each of the groups. The percentage of persons admitted to a psychiatric department was higher among those convicted than in the material in general. The dominating psychiatric diagnosis among those convicted was psychopathy. Among patients operated on, the percentage of convicted persons was significantly higher than among those not operated on. Among 168 persons convicted for offences committed while under the influence of alcohol, the percentage of heavy drinkers was higher than in the material in general. Only 3.1% of 771 women had been convicted for an offence. The observed frequencies of law breakers among the patients in the three ulcer group did not exceed the frequencies in the general population.

Alcohol Drinking↗