Biomedical subjects
K Uehara
Publications and source records attributed to K Uehara.
[Significance of AFP in gastric cancer].
Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was positive in as few as 5.7-13.5% of gastric cancer patients prior to surgery, and most of the positive cases had cancer of stage IV or higher. Thus, the parameter did not seem to be very useful in diagnosis. It was positive in as many as 45% of terminal cancer patients, while many cases with AFP of more than 1000 ng/ml had metastases to the liver. Thus, AFP was proved to be useful for follow-up of the postoperative course. AFP staining was conducted in 29 dissected stomachs and five of them were positive for AFP staining.
[Changes in 2-3 diphosphoglycerate in red blood cell and oxygen affinity of hemoglobin in potassium-depleted rats].
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[Conditions for better nursing records--a thought on reviewing records].
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[Clinical study of spinal cord compression due to metastatic epidural tumors].
Eleven patients with spinal cord compression due to metastatic epidural tumors were analyzed. Primary tumors were Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma (two patients each), cervical cancer, malignant melanoma, gastric cancer, lung cancer, and neuroblastoma (one patient each). It was felt that myelography is the most important diagnostic test, although CT scan and bone scan may give further diagnostic information in some patients. Six patients were treated with decompressive laminectomy and postoperative radiotherapy, and five with radiotherapy alone. Regardless of the pretreatment neurological status and the type of treatment given, the functional prognosis in our small series of patients appeared to be favorable for radiosensitive tumors such as malignant lymphoma and multiple myeloma.
Characterization of an enzyme which catalyzes isomerization and epimerization of D-erythrose 4-phosphate.
The enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of D-erythrose 4-phosphate to D-erythrulose 4-phosphate and D-threose 4-phosphate has been purified to homogeneity from a crude extract of beef liver. Analysis of the purified enzyme by Sephadex G-100 gel filtration and sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed it to be a dimer of relative molecular mass 43 000. From the gas chromatography/mas spectrometry analyses of the enzymatic reaction products, it appeared that about 90% of the total amount of tetrose 4-phosphate was present as D-erythrulose 4-phosphate after equilibration. The purified enzyme, which is tentatively called 'erythrose-4-phosphate isomerase' had no significant isomerase activities on D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, D-ribose 5-phosphate, D-glucose 6-phosphate and D-fructose 6-phosphate, but a strong D-ribulose-5-phosphate 3-epimerase activity was co-purified with the erythrose-4-phosphate isomerase activity through every step in the isolation. Both the erythrose-4-phosphate isomerase and D-ribulose-5-phosphate 3-epimerase activities were inactivated at the same rate at the elevated temperature, and also inhibited to the same extent by various inhibitors. It is likely, that both activities are catalyzed by the single enzyme protein.
Seventh-Day Adventist vegetarians have a quiescent proliferative activity in colonic mucosa.
The proliferation of epithelial cells in colonic mucosa was studied in humans at varying degrees of risk for colon cancer. Seventh-Day Adventist vegetarians, known to have significantly lower mortality from colon cancer than the general U.S. population, had the most quiescent proliferative activity of mucosal epithelial cells. Increased replication and expansion of the proliferative compartment accompanied increased colon cancer risk. The analytical methods of this study may be useful in assessing the influence of dietary components involved in the initiation, promotion or inhibition of colon cancer, and in developing strategies for nutritional intervention.
Purification and properties of beef liver aldehyde reductase catalyzing the reduction of D-erythrose 4-phosphate.
An aldehyde reductase catalyzing the NADPH-dependent reduction of D-erythrose 4-phosphate to D-erythritol 4-phosphate was purified from beef liver. It was proved to be homogeneous by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation analysis. The enzyme was proved to be a monomeric enzyme and its molecular weight was about 40,000. The enzyme was able to reduce not only tetroses but also trioses, aromatic aldehydes, D-glucuronate and succinic semialdehyde. Apparent Km-values for aromatic aldehydes were lower than those for tetroses, trioses, D-glucuronate and succinic semi-aldehyde. Barbiturates and valproate were potent inhibitors of the enzyme and their apparent K1-values were in the range of 80-180 microM. Quercitrin was the most potent inhibitor and its K1-value was about 7 microM. From the viewpoint of substrate specificity and inhibitor sensitivity, it seems that the enzyme belongs to the high-Km type aldehyde reductases.
[Significance of CEA in gastric and colorectal cancer].
The determination of serum CEA (Sandwich method) and CEA staining (PAP method) of excised specimens were performed in patients with gastric or colorectal cancer, and the biological characteristics of each cancer and the factors to increase serum CEA were studied with the following results: As colonic cancer has strong CEA productivity, serum CEA can be useful for the detection of cancer, and especially effective for the postoperative observation. Gastric cancer has weak CEA productivity, and serum CEA is not so useful in the detection of cancer and the judgement of resectability. The CEA positive rate of tissue with CEA staining was 80% in gastric cancer, 100% in colonic cancer, and were nearly equal to the CEA positive rate of serum in the group of terminal stage. In the mode of CEA staining of cancerous cells, IV type was observed most frequently in gastric cancer, and I type in colonic cancer. Among the resected cases showing more than 7ng/ml serum CEA, differentiated type, lymph node metastasis (+), the degree of tissue staining with CEA staining, the mode of cell staining O or I type in gastric cancer and I type in colonic cancer were observed in common.
[Hepatic blood flow by the hydrogen clearance method: estimation of the routes for hydrogen administration].
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Enzymatic isomerization and epimerization of D-erythrose 4-phosphate and its quantitative analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
An enzyme preparation from beef liver catalyzed the isomerization and epimerization of D-erythrose 4-phosphate to D-erythrulose 4-phosphate and D-threose 4-phosphate. The presence of D-erythrulose 4-phosphate and D-threose 4-phosphate was demonstrated by several analytical methods. After dephosphorylation, the presence of D-erythrulose and D-threose was confirmed by thin-layer chromatography, gas-liquid chromatography and an enzymatic method depending upon D-erythrulose reductase. The enzymatic products were also identified and simultaneously quantitated by a new procedure using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Each of three tetroses was distinguished by the combination of the reduction with sodium borodeuteride and the determination of relative intensities of the ion pairs m/z 379 and 380 of sugar tetritol trifluoroacetate. By gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, we observed that D-threose 4-phosphate was also converted into D-erythrulose 4-phosphate and D-erythrose 4-phosphate. At the equilibrium, about 90% of the tetrose 4-phosphate existed in the form of D-erythrulose 4-phosphate. On the basis of gas chromatography/mass spectrometric evidence together with gas chromatographic and thin-layer chromatographic patterns, it is suggested that the single enzyme of the beef liver catalyzed both reactions of isomerization and epimerization of aldotetrose 4-phosphate.
[Graphic display of patients' and Q.C. data for multi-channel autoanalyzer (SMAC-I) by a personal computer].
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Fine structure of the horny teeth of the lamprey, Entosphenus japonicus.
The fine structure of the horny teeth of the lamprey, Entosphenus japonicus, was examined by light- and electron-microscopy. Most of the horny teeth consisted of two horny and two nonhorny layers. The primary horny layer was well keratinized, and the cells were closely packed and intensely interdigitated, being joined together by many modified desmosomes. The plasma membrane of the horny cell, unlike the membranes of other vertebrates, was not thickened. The intercellular spaces were filled with electron-dense material. Microridges were seen on the free surface. Structures resembling microridges were found on the underside of the primary horny layer. The secondary horny layer displayed various stages of keratinization. The keratinization started at the apex and developed toward the base. In the early stage of keratinization, the superficial cells became cylindrical and were arranged in a row forming a dome-shaped line. Their nuclei were situated in the basal part of the cells. The appearance of the nonhorny layers varied according to the degree of keratinization of the horny layers beneath them. The nonhorny cells were joined together by many desmosomes and possessed many tonofilament bundles. The replacement and keratinization of the horny teeth are discussed in the light of these results.
[Determination of trace metals in biological materials by iodides extraction and atomic absorption spectrometry].
Extraction of arsenic, mercury, gold, silver, antimony, indium, bismuth, tellurium, cadmium, zinc and copper iodides with methylisobutylketone was examined in the sulfuric acid of concentrations from 0 to 15 normalities. Although, arsenic and zinc iodides were extracted from 6 to 12 normalities, extraction of other metal-iodides were carried out in more wide range of sulfuric acid concentrations almost from 2 to 12 normalities. Iron, sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium iodides, these, being chief biological elements of inorganic substances, were not extracted in the least into methylisobutylketone layer from sulfuric acid solution. Copper and zinc were normal elements of biological materials and were extracted into methylisobutylketone layer by this procedures. The flame interferences of copper and zinc were not recognized in determinations of gold, silver, antimony, indium, bismuth, tellurium and cadmium. To investigate the influences of biological elements, mock solutions of human blood and urine were prepared. The addition of mock blood does not excessively interfere with determinations of arsenic, mercury, indium, bismuth, tellurium, cadmium, silver and antimony with the exception of gold. However, with addition of mock urine negative interferences were strongly seen in antimony determination, while in mercury, indium and silver determinations only slight interferences were observed. To examine the influences of sample preparation techniques, gold, silver, indium, cadmium and copper were treated both by wet ashing (nitric acid and sulfuric acid) and dry ashing.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Enzyme immunoassay for arginine vasopressin.
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Gastric secretion in hyperthyroidism.
The coexistence of hyperthyroidism and peptic ulcer is considered to be extremely rare. We have treated 24 patients with both hyperthyroidism and peptic ulcer during the years 1968-1978. With regard to the correlation between hyperthyroidism and peptic ulcer, we found that the mean value of gastric acid output was higher in the hyperthyroid patients than in the controls, and an extremely high gastric acid output was noted in 8 of the hyperthyroid patients. These results suggest that hyperthyroidism coexisting with peptic ulcer may not be so rare.
D-Erythrulose reductase from beef liver.
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[Clinicopathological studies on monoclonal IgD immunoglobulinemia; clinical difference between two different groups divided with the IgD-Fc antigenicity].
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