Biomedical subjects

K Ueda

Publications and source records attributed to K Ueda.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

PubMed1991

Biocompatibility of radiolucent breast implants.

Current implants for breast augmentation containing silicone gel, saline, or both are radiopaque on mammographic examination and can totally obscure microcalcifications and soft-tissue masses. The effect of these implants on the detection of early breast cancers in patients who have undergone augmentation mammaplasty remains unproven and controversial. Implants filled with medium-chain triglycerides (peanut oil) are radiolucent on mammographic examination and allow visualization of both soft-tissue masses and microcalcifications. To investigate the biocompatibility of radiolucent implants, 10 cc of sterile, nonpyrogenic peanut oil was injected subcutaneously into rats using silicone gel as a control. Twenty-one rabbits had two 125-cc silicone shell implants inserted on either side of the chest wall. The right-sided shell was filled with 125 cc of sterile saline, and the left-sided shell was filled with 125 cc of sterile, nonpyrogenic peanut oil. Results were determined by both histologic and radiographic examination. Rats injected with peanut oil equivalent to 7 percent of their body weight rapidly absorbed the freely injected oil without detriment. Histologic examination of the lungs, liver, kidneys, and tissues adjacent to the injection sites demonstrated no abnormalities. There was no evidence of allergic, toxic, inflammatory, or neoplastic response. Eighteen of 21 rabbits survived more than 3 months. Radiographs showed the oil-filled implants to be radiolucent, whereas the saline-filled controls obscured the surrounding soft and bony tissues. Histologic examination demonstrated a fibrous capsule surrounding both types of implants. Histologic examination of the lungs, liver, and kidneys showed no significant abnormalities. These and previous studies have shown peanut oil to be biocompatible when freely injected either intramuscularly or subcutaneously. This study demonstrates that a radiolucent, peanut oil-filled implant is biocompatible in animals and that further long-term studies for its use in humans are merited.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Dupuytren's contracture.

Dupuytren's contracture is a disease of the palmar and digital fascia that results in a flexion deformity of the fingers. Although the first case was reported more than 350 years ago, many questions remain unanswered. With our present state of knowledge, treatment remains empiric and operative intervention is the only successful mode of treatment. Controversies continue over the type of procedure used, as well as its timing. In light of the high rate of recurrence of flexion contractures after apparently successful operations, current research is being directed toward identifying a biochemical or histologic marker to indicate the probability of recurrence.

Dupuytren Contracture↗

PubMed1991

Congenital factor VII abnormality discovered in an infant at a routine checkup.

Congenital coagulation factor VII abnormality in an infant was first discovered because of a decreased normotest value at a routine health checkup at the age of 1 month. No bleeding tendency had been noticed. The normotest value did not respond to an administration of vitamin K. The prothrombin time (PT) was prolonged, and the activated partial thromboplastin time (A-PTT) was in the normal range. Factor VII activity was extremely low, whereas the level of factor VII antigen was relatively low. These data indicate that the propositus is a factor VII reduced variant, a rare variant of congenital factor VII deficiency. The propositus and her brother are homozygotes, and her parents and sister are heterozygotes.

Blood Coagulation Tests↗

PubMed1991

Etiology of rabbit haemorrhagic disease spontaneously occurring in Korea.

Causative agent of rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) was purified by CsCl density gradient centrifugation from the liver homogenate of rabbits infected with RHD virus which originated from Korea. The viral particles were 35-40 nm in diameter, and had hollow depressions on their surface. Protein A-gold immunoelectron microscopy clearly showed that the convalescent antisera of diseased rabbits reacted specifically with the virus particles. SDS-PAGE and Western blot analyses demonstrated that the structural protein of the virus was composed of a single major polypeptide of 63 kD. These findings indicate that the causative agent of RHD, tentatively named as picornavirus in Korea, belongs to calicivirus.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Efficacy of once weekly erythropoietin therapy in children on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

The efficacy of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) on 10 anemic children undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) was evaluated. A mean dose of 93 U/kg of rHuEPO was given once a week for 24 weeks, either intravenously to 5 children or subcutaneously to the other 5. Anemia improved in all children by this therapy. The mean hemoglobin and hematocrit levels increased gradually but significantly from 6.9 g/dl and 20.2% to 9.4 g/dl and 30.1%, respectively, at the end of the study. Elevation of blood pressure or other side effects were not noted in any patient. The present study indicates that the once-a-week injection of rHuEPO by the intravenous or subcutaneous route is effective in children undergoing CAPD.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Late effects of childhood acute leukemia and its treatment.

Late effects of childhood acute leukemia and its treatment were studied in 776 patients (684 ALL, 73 ANLL, and 9 others) in Japan who had remained in remission for more than 1 year after their first complete remission. Delayed adverse sequelae involve a wide variety of organs and their functions. Short stature was present in 2.61%, obesity in 3.79%, abnormalities of growth hormone secretion in 1.5%, delayed secondary sex characteristics in 1.5% of males and 0.6% of females, motor disturbances in 1.17%, sensory disturbances in 0.91%, intellectual and learning disabilities in 2.48%, abnormal findings in routine neurologic examinations in 1.31%, EEG abnormalities in 4.30%, brain CT abnormalities in 5.09% and cardiac dysfunction in 1.07%. Various other disorders were seen in 20 patients. Many of these delayed adverse sequelae are caused by or related to central nervous system prophylaxis and systemic combination chemotherapy. The results suggest that it is needed to improve therapeutic methods through the stratification of patients by risk factors and detailed analysis of prognostic factors. Moreover it is important to render medical and psychosocial support to long-term survivors of childhood leukemia through interactions between the patient, parents and medical staff.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Does the variability of casual blood pressure contribute to progressive subcortical vascular encephalopathy of Binswanger's type?

Our hypothesis was that progressive subcortical vascular encephalopathy of Binswanger's type (PSVE) in the elderly can be induced by repeated hypotension or greater variability of blood pressure in hypertensives, regardless of antihypertensive therapy. We retrospectively studied PSVE blood pressure, and compared them with those in atherothrombotic cerebral infarction (ACI) or in hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage (HCH). During the last seven years prior to death, neither the annual variability nor the annual mean value of systolic or mean arterial blood pressures in PSVE was different from that in ACI or in HCH. The present study did not support our hypothesis.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

Sodium and potassium in red blood cells of premature infants during the first few days: risk of hyperkalaemia.

Erythrocyte sodium and potassium were studied in 64 newborn infants including 21 very low birthweight infants (birthweight less than 1500 g) during the first three days after birth. Erythrocyte sodium showed a positive correlation with gestational age (r = 0.63, p less than 0.01) and birthweight (r = 0.66, p less than 0.01). Erythrocyte potassium was negatively correlated with birthweight (r = -0.33, p less than 0.05). The Na/K ratio in red blood cells showed a positive correlation with gestational age (r = 0.60, p less than 0.01) and birthweight (r = 0.65, p less than 0.01). In VLBW infants plasma potassium rose significantly (p less than 0.01) from 0-6 h to 12-30 h and decreased from 12-30 h to 30-60 h (p less than 0.05). Erythrocyte potassium decreased slightly from 0-6 h to 12-30 h, but not significantly. A new finding that "more immature infants have higher potassium and lower sodium concentration in RBC" may suggest a potential risk of hyperkalaemia in tiny infants.

Erythrocytes↗

PubMed1991

The natural history of screening detected IgA glomerulonephritis in children.

The clinical course of 43 children with IgA glomerulonephritis detected by mass urine screening was followed for a mean period of 8.1 years. Histological findings were graded according to the severity of glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions. There was no correlation in the severity of histological grade and clinical outcome between subjects with microscopic hematuria and those with microscopic hematuria and proteinuria nor between those with and without one or more episodes of macroscopic hematuria during the follow-up period. None of the 35 children with proteinuria less than or equal to 1 g/m2/day had severe histological findings or developed renal impairment. In contrast, the 8 children with proteinuria greater than 1 g/m2/day had moderate and severe histological findings. Four of these 8 children developed hypertension or renal insufficiency during the follow-up period. Our study indicates that the outcome of screening detected IgA glomerulonephritis in children correlates with the level of proteinuria and the severity of renal pathology.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

High-dose intravenous gammaglobulin therapy for neonatal immune haemolytic jaundice due to blood group incompatibility.

Three newborn infants who developed hyperbilirubinemia due to blood group incompatibility were treated with high-dose gammaglobulin. Hyperbilirubinemia was caused by Rhesus (Rh) incompatibility (anti-E + anti-c) in Infant 1 and ABO incompatibility (anti-B) in Infants 2 and 3. Hyperbilirubinemia was refractory to conventional phototherapy but responded well to intravenous gammaglobulin (IVGG) at a dose of 1 g/kg in all infants. No adverse effects were observed. These findings suggest that high-dose IVGG may be useful in the treatment of hyperbilirubinemia due to isoimmune haemolytic disease resistant to phototherapy.

Drug Combinations↗

PubMed1991

[Hospital spread of scabies from an immunocompromised patient with Norwegian scabies].

Scabies was first found in a 71-year-old female who had been diagnosed as having leukemic transformation of primary myelofibrosis and had undergone treatment for the disease. She was admitted to the hospital in December 1986, because of abdominal fullness and a generalized subcutaneous tumor that proved to be myeloblastoma. For treatment of the underlying disease, the regimen of the combination of vindesine, cyclophosphamide, 6-mercaptopurine, and prednisolone was selected. She developed cardiac failure and fell into a coma one month after starting the anticancer therapy. She was put on artificial respiration and on additional steroid therapy as well. Dexamethasone was administrated at 16 mg/day. Since the myeloblastomas found on admission regressed, the steroid therapy was continued. She was in coma for a few days before her skin lesions turned red and formed a grayish crust in the lower abdominal region. Several days later, the doctor responsible for the treatment of this patient developed pruritus and exanthema on both arms, and soon many nurses in the same hospital-ward developed similar symptoms. At approximately the same time, the patient with myelofibrosis was diagnosed as having Norwegian scabies: the crusted skin lesions revealing many Sarcoptes scabiei mites. Two doctors (2/18), 17 nurses (17/19) and 3 other patients (3/51) were found to have contracted scabies, and we recognized the hospital spread of the infection. The first patient was isolated in a private room, and we avoided direct contact with her. The persons with scabies were treated with crotamiton liniment. The first scabies patient died of cardiac failure 1 month after falling into a coma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗

PubMed1991

[A case of tsutsugamushi disease in the urban area of Komatsu City].

Most of patients with tsutsugamushi disease are diagnosed by their clinical histories suggesting the opportunities of Rickettsia infection in a rural region. We reported a 76-year-old female patient, who was considered to be infected in her house in the urban area of Komatsu City. She has shown typical clinical manifestations of tsutsugamushi disease, and was remitted successfully by oral administration of minocycline. Although specific antibodies to Rickettsia tsutsugamushi could not be detected in her serum by the complement fixation (CF) method during her clinical course, their significant elevation was confirmed by the indirect immunofluorescence (IF) method.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

Three envelope proteins of hepatitis B virus: large S, middle S, and major S proteins needed for the formation of Dane particles.

The infectious particles of hepatitis B virus are called Dane particles and consist of viral nucleic acid encapsulated within a core particle that is enveloped by virus-coded surface proteins. The major S protein constitutes a significant fraction of these surface proteins. In addition, there are two other related proteins (large S and middle S), but their role in envelope formation has not yet been elucidated. We modified the translation initiation codon ATG of each of the envelope proteins by site-directed mutagenesis and found that mutant genomes that did not produce one or two of these proteins were unable to form Dane particles. The particles released into the culture medium by such mutants did not carry DNA. Synthesis of virus-coded RNA still occurred normally, and core particles carrying DNA accumulated intracellularly. The DNA in such core particles was mostly in the double-stranded open circular form, in contrast to the normal situation in which the particles contain mostly RNA and its complementary single-stranded DNA or else contain linear DNA that is partially single stranded and otherwise duplex. The role of the large S and middle S proteins in the formation of Dane particles is discussed.

Blotting, Northern↗

PubMed1991

Lack of correlation between P pulmonale and right atrial overload in chronic obstructive airways disease.

The correlation between P pulmonale and right atrial overload in chronic lung disease was studied. Right atrial pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, and cardiac output were measured with a Swan-Ganz catheter in nine patients with chronic lung disease and P pulmonale on the electrocardiogram (P wave amplitude of greater than or equal to 2.5 mm (0.25 mV) in leads II, III, and a VF. The results were compared with those in six patients with an atrial septal defect (left to right shunt greater than or equal to 50%) and six patients with pulmonary hypertension (mean pressure greater than or equal to 30 mm Hg without left sided heart disease). Right atrial volume and wall thickness were measured in 10 cases of P pulmonale among 1000 necropsy cases and compared with 141 normal hearts from the same series. The patients with P pulmonale did not show a significant increase in right atrial or pulmonary artery pressures. None of the patients with an atrial septal defect or pulmonary hypertension had P pulmonale on the electrocardiogram. In the necropsy cases of P pulmonale mean (1 SD) in right atrial volume (32 (12) ml) and wall thickness (1.5 (0.7) mm) were not significantly increased (40 (14) ml and 1.4 (0.5) mm in the normal hearts). There was a significant inverse relation between the presence of P pulmonale and the cardiothoracic ratio. In all the patients with P pulmonale chest x ray showed a low cardiothoracic ratio, a considerably depressed diaphragm, and a pendulous heart. This study showed no correlation between P pulmonale and right atrial overload in chronic lung disease. A more vertical anatomical position of the heart, particularly of the right atrium, seems to be the major factor responsible for generation of P pulmonale in chronic airways disease.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

Detection of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with aseptic meningitis.

The level of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the cerebrospinal fluid from 14 infants and children with meningitis and 6 patients who suffered other diseases besides meningitis was measured by our sensitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for GM-CSF. The minimal detection level of GM-CSF was 40 pg/ml. Six of 9 patients (67%) with aseptic meningitis had detectable GM-CSF in cerebrospinal fluid and the concentrations of GM-CSF ranged from 49 to 114 pg/ml (mean 72 pg/ml), whereas none of 5 patients with bacterial meningitis or 6 patients with other diseases besides meningitis had detectable GM-CSF levels. There was no clear correlation between the GM-CSF levels in cerebrospinal fluid and the leukocyte count in either peripheral blood or cerebrospinal fluid, or the concentration of protein or glucose in cerebrospinal fluid.

Child↗

PubMed1991

Prognosis of children with virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome and malignant histiocytosis: correlation with levels of serum interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor.

To clarify the correlation of cytokine level with the severity and prognosis of children with the hemophagocytic syndrome, we analyzed serum interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) levels in 26 children with either the virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (VAHS, n = 12) or malignant histiocytosis (MH, n = 14). When compared to healthy controls, 13 children had an elevated IL-1 (greater than or equal to 20 pg/ml) and 21 children had an elevated TNF (greater than or equal to 10 pg/ml) level at diagnosis. There was however, no significant difference in the frequency of these high levels between the patients with VAHS and MH. Neither IL-1 nor TNF levels correlated with other clinical or laboratory findings in either VAHS or MH. Two of the 12 patients with VAHS died of an intracranial hemorrhage and 7 of the 14 patients with MH died despite chemotherapy. The MH patients who had a high TNF level (greater than or equal to 50 pg/ml) had a poorer prognosis than those with a low TNF level (less than 50 pg/ml; p less than 0.01). In MH patients, other parameters, such as coagulopathy and lactic dehydrogenase, ferritin and IL-1 levels, did not correlate with prognosis. In 3 patients (2 with VAHS and 1 with MH) analyzed periodically, the change in TNF level was closely associated with the clinical progression or regression of the diseases. Serum cytokine levels may thus be monitored not only for predicting the severity and prognosis of VAHS or MH but also for determining the indications for or timing of chemotherapy. Moreover, TNF may play an important role in the progression of VAHS and MH.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Comparative lung pathology of inbred strain of mice resistant and susceptible to Sendai virus infection.

BALB/cA, DBA/2N and CDF1 (BALB/cA x DBA/2N) mice were inoculated intranasally with the Mol strain of Sendai virus (SV), and their mortality and histopathological lung lesions were compared. BALB/cA and CDF1 were resistant and DBA/2N was susceptible in terms of mortality. The lung lesions of the resistant strains were mild and focal, and limited to the bronchial regions, whereas those of the susceptible stain were severe and diffuse, extending to the alveoli. SV antigen was found mainly in the bronchial epithelium in the resistant strains, but in the susceptible strain, the antigen was found also in many alveolar epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages. SV antigen was detected in neither regenerated bronchial epithelium nor endothelial cells. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was detected immunohistologically in edematous perivascular regions and in some mononuclear cells infiltrating to the regions, suggesting that TNF is involved in the development of lung lesions by SV infection in the three mouse strains.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Immunological changes in Babesia rodhaini infected BALB/c mice after treated with anti-babesial drug; diminazene diaceturate.

A model system capable of investigating immunological changes was first established in Babesia rodhaini infected mice with an aid of a drug, diminazene diaceturate (DD). Intraperitoneal (ip) inoculation with B. rodhaini resulted in acute death in euthymic (nu/+) and athymic (nu/nu) BALB/c mice. Treatment with DD at an early stage of infection saved both mice from acute death. Parasitemia recurred in some of them but resulted in death only in nu/nu mice. A re-challenge with 10(5) parasitized erythrocytes (PE) on the surviving mice on day 28 post infection revealed resistance in nu/+ but not in nu/nu mice. The results suggested a participation of the thymus in the protective mechanisms. Immunological changes were then observed on nu/+ and nu/nu mice which were inoculated ip with 10(4)PE and treated with the drug, and then challenged with 10(5)PE ip on day 28. An antibody response was measured with immediate reaction by footpad injection of a soluble antigen of B. rodhaini and by ELISA of serum antibody using the antigen and protein A, on day 10 and later, and further a pronounced response was detected after re-challenge in nu/+ mice. No response was detected by ELISA in nu/nu mice. Delayed footpad reaction was seen in nu/+ mice by day 14 and later but it was suppressed after the re-challenge.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗