Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Ueda

Publications and source records attributed to K Ueda.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Adenomatous hyperplasia of the liver as a precancerous lesion.

Adenomatous hyperplasia (AH), a hyperplastic parenchymal nodule, is detected most often through radiological and pathological observations in chronic advanced liver disease. AH can be classified into two categories: ordinary type or macroregenerative nodule (MRN) type I, and atypical type or MRN type II. Characteristically, both types contain portal tracts with portal veins and biliary elements. Ordinary AH may represent a large regenerative nodule with limited growth potential. Atypical AH shows slightly cellular and structural atypia, altered phenotypic expression, and increased proliferative activity compared to the surrounding liver. Histologic differentiation of atypical AH from well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is controversial, and generally accepted diagnostic criteria are still lacking. Atypical AH occasionally contains overt malignant foci. Histological observations and portography show that nodules of AH are supplied by portal venous blood. While AH nodules appear to be hypoperfused according to arteriographic studies, atypical AH contains small arterial branches which are abundant in contrast to the surrounding liver. The data obtained so far indicate that atypical AH may be a hepatocellular neoplasm which belongs nosologically to a gray area of neoplasm, in which overt HCC is likely to develop. It is clinically recommended that atypical AH is treated as "malignant" because of the occasional inclusion of HCC foci. For its treatment, percutaneous ethanol injection is becoming popular.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1993

A gene cluster involved in aerial mycelium formation in Streptomyces griseus encodes proteins similar to the response regulators of two-component regulatory systems and membrane translocators.

Mutants of Streptomyces griseus deficient in A-factor production are sporulation negative, since A-factor is an essential hormonal regulator for the induction of morphological and physiological differentiation in this bacterium. A DNA fragment which induced aerial mycelium formation and sporulation in an A-factor-deficient mutant strain, S. griseus HH1, was cloned from this mutant strain. Subcloning experiments and nucleotide sequencing showed that two open reading frames, ORF1 with 656 amino acids and ORF2 with 201 amino acids, were required in order to induce sporulation. The amino acid sequence of ORF1 significantly resembled that of the Escherichia coli HlyB protein, a member of a family of bacterial membrane proteins engaged in ATP-dependent secretion mechanisms. Conserved features of this surface translocator family, such as the transmembrane structure predicted by their hydropathy profiles and the amino acid sequence forming an ATP-binding fold, were also conserved in ORF1. The ORF1 gene appeared to constitute a transcriptional unit with an additional upstream gene encoding ORF3, which was greatly similar to ORF1 in size and amino acid sequence. The other protein, ORF2, showed significant end-to-end homology with the E. coli uhpA product, a regulatory protein for the uptake of sugar phosphates. Like UhpA as a response regulator of a bacterial two-component regulatory system, ORF2 contained a helix-turn-helix DNA-binding domain at its COOH-terminal portion and an Asp residue (Asp-54) probably to be phosphorylated at its NH2-terminal portion. An amino acid replacement from Asp-54 to Asn resulted in the loss of the ability of ORF2 to induce sporulation in strain HH1.

4-Butyrolactone↗
PubMed1993

One-shot intravesical instillation of the mucous adhesive anticancer agent hydroxypropylcellulose-doxorubicin for the treatment of superficial bladder carcinoma is sufficient to determine antitumor effects.

A 20 mg/20 ml dose of the membrane adhesive anticancer preparation, hydroxypropylcellulose-doxorubicin (HPC-doxorubicin), was instilled into urinary bladders through a catheter for the treatment of superficial bladder carcinomas (Ta-T1). After 14-30 days, the effects of the drug on tumors was examined by cystoscopy, and the residual tumor tissue where reduction in size was observed was resected by transurethral resection (TUR). Therapeutic effects were as follows: a complete response (CR) was found in 6 cases (37.5%), a reduction in size of more than 50% (partial response = PR) in 4 cases (25%), and a less than 25% reduction (no change = NC) in 6 cases (37.5%). In no case was progression of the disease noted. In CR cases, cold cup punch biopsy revealed no tumor cells remaining at the site where the tumor was present before the instillation. Side effects such as bladder irritation were found in 4 cases, but they were only temporary in nature. The one-dose HPC-doxorubicin approach developed by ourselves allowed detection of antitumor effects between 14 and 30 days after the instillation and therefore determination of sensitivities at an earlier stage than with instillation of the conventional water-soluble type of doxorubicin hydrochloride.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1993

The association between hepatitis C virus infection and in vitro activation of the complement system.

The phenomenon of in vitro activation of the classical complement pathway at low temperatures (4-21 degrees C) is known as cold activation, and has been suggested to be associated with non-A, non-B hepatitis. We re-examined the association by using newly developed markers of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Twenty-one cases randomly selected from those fulfilling the screening criteria of complement cold activation all showed evidence of HCV infection. More than half of 55 HCV antibody-positive cases selected randomly from our laboratory samples showed a tendency towards cold activation, whereas none of the HCV antibody-negative sera showed cold activation. All the HCV antibody-positive cases were negative in cold activation when CH50 was assayed with plasma. These results, taken together, indicate that cold activation of the complement system is strongly associated with HCV infection.

Cold Temperature↗
PubMed1993

Abnormal behavioral patterns in the human fetus at term: correlation with lesion sites in the central nervous system after birth.

We describe three fetuses at term that demonstrated abnormal behavioral patterns in utero when observed using real-time ultrasound. The abnormal patterns turned out to have neurologic correlations after birth. In case 1, despite a normal breathing pattern, no movement in any of the four extremities was observed, thus suggesting the existence of a spinal cord lesion at the rostral end, located at C4 or C5. In case 2 a lack of breathing movement was noted repeatedly, together with the abnormal finding that alternation of periods of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep with those of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep was not present. These findings implied a lesion involving the pons and/or medulla oblongata. In case 3 movement of the four extremities, breathing movement, and alternating periods of REM sleep and NREM sleep were found to be within the normal range. The concurrence of regular mouthing and the NREM sleep period was not observed, however, suggesting impairment in the brain function responsible for NREM sleep located from the pons through the thalamocortical connection to the cerebral hemisphere.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Detection of DNA in the nucleoids of chloroplasts and mitochondria in Euglena gracilis by immunoelectron microscopy.

DNA in the nucleoids of chloroplasts and of mitochondria in Euglena gracilis was detected with anti-DNA antibodies by immunoelectron microscopy. After treatment with the antibodies, DNA in these organelles combined with gold particles that had been coated with anti-IgM antibodies such that it was possible to trace the outlines of the nucleoids. Nucleoids in chloroplasts appeared to be composed of twisted threads 50-70 nm in diameter. The twisted threads were entangled to form thicker nodes of 100-200 nm diameter. Most nucleoids in mitochondria were spherical or ovoid, 70-130 nm in diameter. Nucleoids both in chloroplasts and in mitochondria contained cores with which DNA threads were in tight contact. The structure of the nucleoids was very different from those previously observed by conventional electron microscopy.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

An ultrastructural study of cutaneous hemangioma in two chickens.

Cutaneous hemangioma in two laying hens was examined by light and electron microscopy. In close association with capillary and cavernous hemangioma there was a solid cell mass. Ultrastructurally, the cell mass consisted of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells and had an alveolar structure. There were transitional cell types from the alveolar structure to the capillary and cavernous hemangiomas. Hemangiomatous structure may develop from the undifferentiated mesenchymal cells in the solid cell mass.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Tyzzer's disease complicated with distemper in a puppy.

A Pomeranian puppy which died from diarrhea and nasal discharge showed catarrhal pneumonia, acute enteritis and focal liver necrosis. Slender bacilli were detected within ileal enterocytes and hepatocytes. A double infection with a distemper virus and Tyzzer's organism at a cellular level was seen within the ileal enterocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Spontaneous coronary arteriolosclerosis in broiler chickens.

Arteriolosclerotic changes were found in 202 out of 203 randomly collected heart specimens of broiler chickens. These chickens were reared in a poultry farm and killed at a poultry meat processing plant at 60 days of age with healthy appearance. Cellular intimal thickening due to a proliferation of smooth muscle cells of small arteries or arterioles were found mostly in the innermost layer of the left ventricle. Severity of the thickening varied from slight to severe. In 2 cases, myocardial necrotic changes were found in the proximity of severely affected small arteries and arterioles.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[An elderly case of supernormal conduction in the posterior division of the left bundle branch].

An electrophysiologic study was performed in a 95-year-old man with bifascicular block (right bundle branch block and left anterior hemiblock). During sinus rhythm (AA interval = 980 ms), every sinus beat was conducted to the ventricle. The AH interval was 130 ms and HV interval was 50 ms. A programmed premature atrial stimulation was performed after 8 paced beats at a slightly shorter cycle length than the sinus cycle length (900 ms). As the atrial coupling interval was shortened, the H1H2 interval also shortened. At an H1H2 interval of 680 ms the premature atrial beat was blocked distal to the recording site of the His potential. The block persisted up to an H1H2 interval of 560 ms. AV conduction resumed paradoxically when the H1H2 interval was further shortened to intervals lasting 540-490 ms. During this period the H2V2 interval was 50 ms. At still shorter H1H2 intervals, H2 was again blocked. The H2V2 intervals during this phase of improved conduction were unchanged compared with those of other conducted beats. Therefore normalization due to the gap phenomenon could be ruled out, and the improved conduction could be explained by a phenomenon of supernormal conduction in the posterior division of left bundle branch.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Hyperinsulinemia and hypertension in an elderly Japanese population--the Hisayama Study].

Hyperinsulinemia has been closely associated with hypertension in several epidemiological studies, but little is known about this condition in the elderly. The authors studied the relationship between serum insulin and blood pressure levels, and the prevalence of hypertension according to insulin levels in the elderly in a Japanese rural community, Hisayama. In 1988, 75 g oral glucose tolerance test was performed on 426 male and 567 female Hisayama residents aged 60 to 79 years. Fasting and 2 hr serum insulin values were measured by radioimmunoassay. In the subjects, excluding those receiving antihypertensive drugs, the sum of fasting and 2 hr postload insulin (sigma IRI) significantly correlated with systolic (r = 0.15 and 0.25 for males and females, respectively) and diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.20, 0.16). In multiple regression analyses, the correlation with systolic blood pressure remained significant in females after controlling for age, body mass index, alcohol intake, smoking habits, serum total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and fasting plasma glucose. In contrast, sigma IRI did not remain as an independent variable relevant to blood pressure among males. The age-adjusted prevalence rates of hypertension (> or = 160/95 mmHg or receiving drug treatment) significantly increased with increasing quartiles of sigma IRI in females. The prevalence of hypertension which was not treated with drugs also increased significantly with increasing sigma IRI in females. However, no significant association was observed in males. In conclusion, the present study suggests that hyperinsulinemia can be related to hypertension in the female elderly in the general population of Japan.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Long-term follow-up study after permanent pacemaker implantation in patients aged 60 years or over with sick sinus syndrome].

Ninety-five patients aged 60 years or over with a permanent pacemaker implanted for sick sinus syndrome were divided into two groups: 32 patients with physiological pacing (group P) and 63 patients with ventricular pacing (group V). The mean follow-up period was 45.0 +/- 36.6 months in group P and 50.3 +/- 37.8 months in group V. Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (Af) occurred in 28% of group P and 71% of group V (p < 0.05). The incidence of stable Af was also lower in group P than in group V (9% vs. 30%, p < 0.05). None of group P with only bradyarrhythmia had stable Af. However, 6 of 21 patients (29%) in group V with bradyarrhythmia showed stable Af. There was no significant difference in stable Af between group P with bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome (BTS) and group V with BTS (19% vs. 31%). A lower incidence of embolic events was also observed in group P (3% vs. 25%, p < 0.05). Nine of 16 patients with embolic events in group V died of complications following embolism (8 patients; cerebral embolism, one patients: renal and superior mesenteric arterial embolism). The survival rates at 5 and 10 years were 80% and 69%, respectively, for group P and 56% and 33% for group V (p < 0.01). Thus, with regard to permanent pacing for patients with sick sinus syndrome, physiological pacing should be selected for control of morbidity and total mortality.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Prevalence and clinical significance of anomalous muscular band in the left atrium.

The significance of left ventricular false tendon and right atrial anomalous muscular band has been previously reported. As well as in the right atrium, anomalous muscular band is sometimes observed in the left atrium. To evaluate the prevalence and clinical significance of the left atrial anomalous band, a clinico-pathologic study was performed among 1,100 autopsies over 60 years. The following results were obtained: (1) Pathologically, the incidence of the left atrial anomalous band was 2% (22 cases among 1,100 autopsies). The anomalous band connected the left atrial side of fossa ovalis with the other areas of left atrial endocardium in most of the cases (19 cases). The cases with the bands had Chiari's network and patent foramen ovale at the same time more frequently than those without the bands (Chiari's network: 27% vs 8%, p < 0.01, patent foramen ovale: 23% vs 8%, p < 0.05). Microscopically, the anomalous band was composed of fibrous and muscular tissues. (2) Clinically, premature atrial complex was more frequently observed among the cases with left atrial anomalous bands than those without the bands (41% vs 11%, p < 0.01). In conclusion, left atrial anomalous band seemed to be one of congenital abnormalities which was associated with Chiari's network and patent foramen ovale in origin, and might be one of the causes of supraventricular arrhythmias.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Clinical study of recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (KW-2228) in pediatric field. 1. Effectiveness on neutropenia by various causes and safety].

The effect of KW-2228, a derivative of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor, on neutropenia in children was studied in 23 cases of aplastic anemia, 13 cases of chronic benign neutropenia, 6 cases of congenital neutropenia (Kostmann type), 2 cases of cyclic neutropenia, 2 cases associated with glycogenosis type Ib and 1 cases associated with immune deficiency. KW-2228 was administered at 1-8 micrograms/kg subcutaneously and at 2-16 micrograms/kg intravenously. As a principle, the administration was started at low doses and continued for 7-28 days increasing the doses in the cases who didn't respond to the treatment well. The response rate of all the cases by the physicians in charge was 81. 8% (36/44). The mean absolute neutrophil count was increased from 304 to 1,300/microliters in aplastic anemia, from 204 to 3,027/microliters in chronic benign type, from 125 to 2,193/microliters in Kostmann type, and from 360 to 2,007 microliters in others. KW-2228 did not induce any noteworthy serious side effects. These results indicated that KW-2228 is a useful drug to treat neutropenia in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Clinical study of recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (KW-2228) in pediatric field. 2. Effectiveness on neutropenia associated with administration of anticancer agent and safety].

The effect of KW-2228, a derivative of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor, on neutropenia associated with chemotherapy was studied in pediatric patients with malignant tumor. To patients repeatedly treated with the same chemotherapy, KW-2228 was administered subcutaneously at 1 microgram/kg or intravenously at 2 micrograms/kg once a day in the 2nd course of the chemotherapy. During the administration term of KW-2228, the nadir of neutrophils went up, and the duration of neutrophil count under 500/microliters as well as the interval for recovery of the count to 500/microliters were remarkably shortened, compared with those during the observation term. Further, the duration of fever in patients and the administration days of antibacterial agent were also reduced. The effective rate judged by attending doctors was as high as 78.9%, consisting of 83.3% in 42 cases of subcutaneous administration and 73.5% in 34 cases of intravenous administration. Side effects such as slight skeletal pain and slight fever in one case each (2.3% in total) were improved without treatment. It is concluded that KW-2228 may be a useful drug for treatment of neutropenia associated with chemotherapy in pediatric patients with malignant tumor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Digoxin-cyclosporin A interaction: modulation of the multidrug transporter P-glycoprotein in the kidney.

The mechanism of a renal tubular digoxin-cyclosporin A interaction was elucidated using a kidney epithelial cell line and the isolated perfused rat kidney. The cells expressed an excess amount of human P-glycoprotein on the apical membranes by transfection with MDR1 cDNA. Cyclosporin A inhibited the transepithelial transport of digoxin mediated by human P-glycoprotein; net basal-to-apical transport across the cell monolayer was 22.8, 21.2, 6.61 and 0.91 pmol/mg of protein/3 hr in the presence of 0, 1, 5 and 10 microM cyclosporin A, respectively. Cyclosporin A also reduced the renal tubular secretion of digoxin by the kidney. The ratio of fractional excretion/filtration fraction for digoxin was 2.88 +/- 0.71 (mean +/- S.D.) in the control, and this was decreased to 1.21 +/- 0.09 and 1.05 +/- 0.13 in the presence of 1 and 5 microM cyclosporin A, respectively. Because no signs of acute nephrotoxicity were observed, a direct effect of cyclosporin A accounted for the reduced secretion. On the other hand, digoxin did not affect cyclosporin A transport by P-glycoprotein. These findings indicate that serum concentrations of digoxin in patients should be carefully monitored when administered concurrently with cyclosporin A. The present transepithelial transport system using the transfectant cells is a simple and useful screening system for predicting drug interactions that can occur in a clinical situation.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗