[Gastrointestinal manifestations in collagen disease].
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Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
Biomedical subjects
K Uchiyama
Publications and source records attributed to K Uchiyama.
18-Crown-6-Tetracarboxylic acid as a chiral additive for the simultaneous separation of o-, m- and p-enantiomers of phenylalanine family by capillary electrophoresis.
Simultaneous separation of 12 o-, m- and p-positional enantiomers of tyrosine and fluorophenylalanine has been achieved by the use of optically active 18-crown-6-tetracarboxylic acid (18C6H4) as an additive in the background electrolyte. It has been investigated that the separation conditions such as pH, electroosmotic flow, the concentration of 18C6H4 and applied voltages have critical influence on the simultaneous separation. Based on the information of electropherograms obtained, the interaction between the chiral selector and positional enantiomers has been discussed. It was shown that alpha-methyl group in the amino acid enantiomers make the resolution be reduced, and that o-, m- and p-substituents have an influence on the resolution.
Crown Ethers↗
[Laparoscopic salvage of malfunctioning peritoneal dialysis catheters caused by ovarian fimbria: a case report].
We report a case of peritoneal dialysis catheter obstruction caused by ovarian fimbria, which was successfully treated with laparoscopic surgery. In June 2000, a 51-year-old woman, who started peritoneal dialysis in April 2000, complained of outflow obstruction of peritoneal dialysis fluid. Fluoroscopic imaging demonstrated the obstruction of peritoneal dialysis catheter by ovarian fimbria. Since the alpha technique under the fluoroscopic imaging did not improve the obstruction, the ovarian fimbria was removed laparoscopically in June 5, 2000. Peritoneal dialysis was successfully started the day after the surgery with no leakage of peritoneal dialysis fluid. The patient has remained without obstruction of peritoneal dialysis catheter for 8 months postoperatively.
Catheters, Indwelling↗
Monitoring of dye adsorption phenomena at a silica glass/water interface with total internal reflection coupled with a thermal lens effect
Thermal lens spectroscopy was combined with total internal reflectance spectroscopy to develop a novel, highly sensitive analytical method that can detect nonfluorescent as well as fluorescent analytes at surfaces and interfaces. It was verified that when the total internal reflection method is coupled with thermal lens spectroscopy (TIR-TLS), the thermal lens effect is induced by only the evanescent wave. The ability of depth profiling was shown. The detection limit of TIR-TLS was at an absorbance of 3.0 x 10(-5) unit for Sudan II acetone solution, which is better than that of attenuated total reflection by a factor of hundreds. In addition, the adsorption of acridine orange on silanol groups on a glass surface could be monitored directly by TIR-TLS, and the adsorption isotherm agreed well with Langmuir's model. The dependence of surface density of anionic silanol groups on pH was determined by TIR-TLS measurements of aqueous acridine orange solutions buffered in the pH range between 2.7 and 11.5.
Journal Article↗
Expression of lbx1 involved in the hypaxial musculature formation of the mouse embryo.
Somites are the source of hypaxial musculature including skeletal muscles of the limb, tongue, and trunk. To get insight into the function of mouse Lbx1 homeobox gene in early somitic mesoderm differentiation, in situ hybridization analyses were performed. At the 4-6 somite stage (8 dpc), Lbx1 was first expressed in the lateral portion of the epithelial somite and dermomyotomal epithelium. This was in contrast to the expression of myf-5 in the medial region of the somite. The lateral expression of Lbx1 in somitic mesoderm then occurred regionally along the anterior-posterior body axis. Later, at 10 dpc (stage 1 of limb bud development), Lbx1-positive migrating cells originated in the lateral dermomyotomal lips at occipital, forelimb, and hindlimb levels. They also expressed Pax-3 and c-met, known as markers of the migrating limb muscle precursor cells. In stage 4 hindlimb bud (11.5 dpc), the dorsal and ventral muscle precursor populations expressed Lbx1. In stage 8 forelimb buds (12.5 dpc), Lbx1 expression was reduced in the proximal muscle masses, where the high expression of myogenin accompanying muscle differentiation was detected. These results suggest that mouse Lbx1 might be involved in the commitment or determination of a muscle cell subpopulation during hypaxial musculature development. J. Exp. Zool. 286:270-279, 2000.
Animals↗
A multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of malignant pelvic bone tumors: results with eight consecutive patients.
The prognosis for malignant pelvic bone tumors is worse than that for malignant bone tumors of the extremities because definitive surgery in the pelvis is often difficult to accomplish. The results for eight patients who were treated consecutively with a multidisciplinary approach, from 1990, were analyzed. The histologic diagnosis was osteosarcoma in five patients, chondrosarcoma in two, and Ewing's sarcoma in one. Five lesions arose in the ilium and three in the pubis. The extraosseous tumors decreased in size and/or were encapsulated as a result of preoperative chemotherapy in six patients, four of these achieving a wide surgical margin. With respect to tumor location and surgical margin, all five lesions in the ilium involved the sacrum, four of these being resected with an inadequate margin. The three lesions in the pubis were resected with an adequate margin. Local recurrence was observed in two patients who had been treated with an inappropriate margin. During the period between 18 and 57 months after the first operation, five patients were continuously free of disease and one was still alive but had lung metastases. Our results indicate that a patient's chances of definitive surgery may be enhanced by a multidisciplinary approach, although the management of sacroiliac involvement remains challenging.
Adult↗
Abnormal pulmonary accumulation of indium-111 chloride in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia as detected by bone marrow scintigraphy.
PURPOSE: Unusual pulmonary uptake of In-111 chloride in a patient with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and autoimmune hepatitis is described. METHOD: In-111 chloride bone marrow scintigraphy was performed to evaluate the bone marrow activity associated with pancytopenia in a 56-year-old woman with autoimmune hepatitis. RESULTS: An In-111 chloride bone marrow scan showed increased pulmonary uptake predominantly in both upper lung fields. P. carinii pneumonia was seen to be developing as an immunocompromised complication after treatment for autoimmune hepatitis. CONCLUSION: When In-111 chloride bone marrow scintigraphy shows increased uptake in the lungs of immunocompromised patients, a combined opportunistic inflammatory disease such as P. carinii pneumonia should be considered in the diagnosis.
Bone Marrow↗
Remission of antiepiligrin (laminin-5) cicatricial pemphigoid after excision of gastric carcinoma.
PURPOSE: To describe a case of antiepiligrin cicatricial pemphigoid with unusual ocular manifestations and its remission after surgical removal of gastric carcinoma. METHODS: We describe a 61-year-old Japanese man with antiepiligrin cicatricial pemphigoid. RESULTS: He presented with conjunctival injection and discharge preceded by a 6-month period of erosive lesions in the oral mucosa and the truncal skin. An advanced gastric carcinoma was found and his serum immunoprecipitated laminin-5. Despite topical treatment with betamethasone, ofloxacin, and artificial tear solutions, serious symblepharon along the Meibomian line developed with little shortening of the inferior conjunctival sac. Following radical gastrectomy, the ocular and cutaneous lesions turned completely quiet. CONCLUSION: The present case differed from past cases by lacking inferior conjunctival sac shortening and by showing erosive lesions solely at the mucocutaneous junctions. The ocular involvement in this case correlated very well with the severity of gastric carcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Simple reconstruction of large pharyngeal defects with free jejunal transfer.
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Adult↗
Anterolateral thigh flap donor-site complications and morbidity.
The authors examined donor-site complications and morbidity in 37 patients after reconstruction with free or pedicled anterolateral thigh flaps. Intraoperative assessment included damage to the vastus lateralis muscle and whether the main pedicle of the rectus femoris muscle had been killed. Postoperative assessment of the donor site included wound healing, range of motion, muscle strength, gait, and sensation. Patients were surveyed with a questionnaire about fatigue in their activities of daily life and the appearance of the donor site. All 32 patients who underwent primary skin closure could perform activities of daily life normally, and most (87.5 percent) reported that donor-site appearance was satisfactory. However, the severity of donor-site dysfunction was related to the degree of damage to the vastus lateralis muscle, and most patients (87.5 percent) had some loss of sensation at the anterolateral aspect of the thigh. Because of adhesions between the meshed skin graft and the underlying fascia, range of motion at the hip and knee was limited in significantly more patients who had received split-thickness skin grafts (60 percent) than patients who had undergone primary skin closure (3.1 percent). Therefore, wider flaps or flaps harvested nearer the knee may increase donor-site morbidity. The authors concluded that the incidence of long-term morbidity with the anterolateral thigh flap is low, although it is increased when the flap includes the vastus lateralis muscle or is wider and requires additional skin grafting at the donor site.
Adult↗
Postoperative complications and functional results after total glossectomy with microvascular reconstruction.
Microsurgical reconstruction after total glossectomy can greatly improve quality of life; however, postoperative functional results are often unstable, and the effectiveness of total glossectomy remains questionable. To determine the problems of reconstruction after total glossectomy with laryngeal preservation and to examine the functional results of swallowing and speech, 30 patients who had undergone total glossectomy and reconstruction with free flaps were reviewed for this study. The patients ranged in age from 20 to 73 years, and 23 of the 30 had undergone reconstruction with a rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap. Wider and thicker flaps were designed and transferred and were sutured to suspend the larynx. To maintain physiologic swallowing function after surgery, the extent of laryngeal suspension and cricopharyngeal myotomy was limited. Of the 30 patients, 21 (70 percent) could be decannulated with laryngeal preservation; 20 of these 21 could tolerate a normal/soft/pureed diet, and 1 was limited to a fluid diet. Speech was intelligible in 16 of the 19 patients evaluated. In 9 of the 30 patients, laryngeal function could not be preserved. In four of these nine patients, additional resection combined with total glossectomy caused severe aspiration and recurrent pneumonia. Two patients with preoperative cerebral dysfunction were also poor candidates for laryngeal preservation. Additionally, the transferred flap's lack of bulk in the oral cavity and the advanced age (73 years) of one patient and the poor motivation of another may have contributed to postoperative aspiration. Aspiration occurred in one patient because of local recurrence of a tumor. The presence of preoperative cerebral dysfunction (p = 0.025), resection of the epiglottis (p = 0.005), and postoperative orocutaneous fistulas (p = 0.04) were significantly associated with the failure of laryngeal preservation. However, because of the difficulty of enrolling a sufficient number of patients in the study and the inherent limitations of retrospective studies, multivariate analysis in this study showed that no factors, such as patient age, flap volume, and the type of neck dissection, were significant predictors of laryngeal preservation. Although prospective studies are necessary, the function of individual patients must be assessed so that the study experiences discussed here can be applied to subsequent patients.
Adult↗
Primary malignant lymphoma of the central nervous system presenting with ascites and pleural effusion.
A 70-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital owing to ascites and pleural effusion. Though malignant cells (B-cell type lymphoma) were detected in both the ascites and pleural effusion, neither lymph node swelling nor a tumor was detected upon chest, abdominal and pelvic computed tomography (CT). After weekly THP-COP therapy for 8 weeks, the ascites and pleural effusion completely disappeared. Two years after the first admission, she was re-admitted because of a disturbance of consciousness, and a brain tumor was detected on CT scan. The immunohistological and genetic data for the brain tumor were identical to those of the malignant cells in the pleural effusion and ascites detected 2 years previously. Whereas the symptoms at onset of a primary lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS) are usually neurological ones, in this rare case of primary CNS lymphoma, the symptoms at onset were the ascites and pleural effusion without neurological symptoms.
Aged↗
Pharmacokinetics of aniracetam and its metabolites in rat brain.
The pharmacokinetics of aniracetam (AP) and its main metabolites, 4-p-anisamidobutyric acid (ABA), 2-pyrrolidinone (PD) and p-anisic acid (AA), in 3 brain regions (cerebral cortex, hippocampus and thalamus) was investigated after single intravenous (i.v.) and oral administrations of AP to rats. AP, AA and PD were rapidly distributed into the 3 brain regions after i.v. administration of AP, but the amounts of AP were low. The concentrations of AP and AA in brain regions rapidly declined, whereas PD levels were higher and more sustained than those of AP and AA. ABA levels in the regions were below the detection limit. There were no significant differences in the distribution of these compounds in the 3 brain regions. The AUCbrain/AUCplasma ratio of PD was 53--55%, in contrast to the low ratio of AP (2.4--3.2%) and AA (3.9--4.2%). On oral administration of AP, the AUCbrain/AUCplasma ratio of PD was also higher than that of AA. When the transport of PD was tested using the in situ brain perfusion technique, it was clarified that PD was not transported across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by a neutral amino acid carrier system. The high brain levels of PD and the low levels of AP suggest that the clinical efficacy of dosed AP may partly result from PD penetrating into the brain.
Administration, Oral↗
Solid and cystic tumor of the pancreas: clinicopathologic and genetic studies of four cases.
BACKGROUND: Solid and cystic tumor (SCT) of the pancreas can be distinguished from other pancreatic neoplasms by its nearly exclusive occurrence in young women, and its favorable prognosis after complete resection. METHODS: We experienced four cases with SCT of the pancreas, and analyzed these tumors by immunohistochemical and electron microscopic studies, as well as genetic analysis of ras oncogene mutation. RESULTS: The presented cases expressed the neuron-specific enolase in two cases, alpha1-antitrypsin and alpha1-antichymotrypsin in two cases, and vimentin in one case, which indicated that this tumor originates from pleuripotential embryonic stem cells. No patients had mutations of K-ras gene in codon 12, and further genetic analysis is required to predict the malignant potential. CONCLUSION: SCT of the pancreas appears to have limited malignant potential and the metastatic ratio is not high, although the tumor has local invasion. Therefore, an aggressive surgical approach seems fully justified.
Adult↗
Unique recognition style of tRNA(Leu) by Haloferax volcanii leucyl-tRNA synthetase.
The recognition manner of tRNA(Leu), a class II tRNA characterized by a long variable arm, by leucyl-tRNA synthetase from an extreme halophilic archaea, Haloferax volcanii, was studied using the in vitro transcription system. It was found that the discriminator base (A73) and the long variable arm, especially the specific loop sequence A47CG47D and U47H at the base of this helix, are significant for recognition by LeuRS. An appropriate stem length of the variable arm was also required. Base substitutions in the anticodon arm did not affect the leucylation activity. Transplantation of both the discriminator base and the variable arm of tRNA(Leu) was not sufficient to introduce leucylation activity to tRNA(Ser). Insertion of an additional nucleotide into the D-loop, which is not involved in the direct interaction with LeuRS, converted tRNA(Ser) to an efficient leucine acceptor. This suggests that differences in the tertiary structure play a key role in eliminating tRNA(Ser). The sequence-specific recognition of the long variable arm of tRNA(Leu) has not been observed in any of other organisms reported, such as Escherichia coli, yeast or human. On the other hand, the mode of discrimination from non-cognate tRNAs is similar to that in E. coli in that differences in the tertiary structure play a key role. Similarity extends to the substrate stringency, exemplified by a cross-species aminoacylation study showing that no class II tRNAs from E. coli or yeast can be leucylated by H. volcanii LeuRS. Our results have implications for the understanding of the evolution of the recognition system of class II tRNA.
Acylation↗
The size of liposomes: a factor which affects their targeting efficiency to tumors and therapeutic activity of liposomal antitumor drugs.
The size of liposomes has been shown to be an important factor in the efficient delivery of an antitumor agent to a tumor. In this paper, the effects of the size of liposomes on the pharmacokinetics of liposomes and liposome-encapsulated drugs are discussed with reference to: (1) the circulation amount and residence time of liposomes in the blood, (2) the accumulation of liposomes in the tumor, and (3) in vivo drug release from liposomes. In addition, the effect of size on therapeutic activity (antitumor efficacy and toxicity) of a liposomal anticancer preparation is discussed. Finally we discuss the importance of liposome size in the design of a more effective liposomal antitumor preparation.
Journal Article↗
CHox11L2, a Hox11 related gene, is expressed in the peripheral nervous system and subpopulation of the spinal cord during chick development.
cHox11L2, the chick counterpart of mouse Hox11L2, was isolated. cHox11L2 was expressed in the developing chick peripheral nervous system, i.e. sensory cranial nerves of placodal ectoderm origin, sympathetic ganglia, dorsal root ganglia and enteric ganglia as well as a limited regions of the spinal cord. In neuronal derivatives of the neural crest, cHox11L2 was expressed in the postmigratory cells and not in the migrating neural crest cells. Furthermore, intense signals of cHox11L2 mRNA were detected also in the spinal cord and the dorsal roots of 10-day embryos. No transcripts were detected in the spinal cord of the postnatal day-2 animals. These results suggest that cHox11L2 might play a role in neuronal differentiation during chick nervous system development.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Modeling and optimization of alpha-amylase production in a recombinant yeast fed-batch culture taking account of the cell cycle population distribution.
A simple mathematical model describing the cell cycle dependency of rice alpha-amylase production by a recombinant yeast was constructed to investigate the efficiency of cell cycle population control. First, the effects of the glucose concentration and cultivation temperature on the specific growth rate, the specific production rate of rice alpha-amylase, and the distribution of the cell cycle population were studied under balanced growth conditions. On the basis of the results, parameter values for the mathematical model were then estimated. The proposed model was shown to be applicable for unbalanced as well as balanced growth phases. The optimal control strategy in respect of temperature and glucose concentration for maximum rice alpha-amylase production, taking into account the cell cycle population, was determined and the result was compared with that obtained by a simple mathematical model in which cell cycle distribution was not considered. Finally, the effect of the initial population of each cell cycle phase on the final amount of the product under optimal operational conditions was investigated. The simulation and experimental data coincided well with each other, and the model was used to optimize the control strategy for maximum alpha-amylase production.
Cell Cycle↗