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Biomedical subjects

K Uchida

Publications and source records attributed to K Uchida.

At least 1,351 records · Page 75Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Hormonal regulation of glandular kallikrein activity and its inhibitor in human plasma.

Plasma glandular kallikrein (GK) activity, serum 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), reverse T3, thyroid-stimulating hormone, plasma alpha 2 macroglobulin (alpha 2M) and alpha 1 antitrypsin (alpha 1AT) levels were determined in 29 non-diabetic female subjects given normal ad-lib diet or one of several kinds of caloric composition for more than 7 days after an overnight fast. Positive exponential correlation was found between serum T3 level and plasma GK activity (r = 0.54), and there was positive linear correlation between serum T3 level and plasma alpha 2M level (r = 0.51). Positive natural logarithmic correlation was found between plasma GK activity and plasma alpha 2M level (r = 0.47). There was no correlation between plasma GK activity and plasma alpha 1AT level, and between serum T3 level and plasma alpha 1AT level. No correlation was found between serum T4 level and plasma GK activity, and between serum T4 level and plasma alpha 2M level. There was no correlation between serum T4 and T3 level, but positive exponential correlation was found between serum T4 and reverse T3 level (r = 0.82). These data suggest that T3 responds to dietary carbohydrate through Kallikrein-Kinin system, and T3 regulates both GK activity and its inhibitor (alpha 2M) in human plasma.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Ultrastructural evidence of the existence of the surface connected canalicular system in the thrombocyte of the shark (Triakis scyllia).

The existence of the surface-connected canalicular system has been demonstrated ultrastructurally in shark [Triakis scyllia) thrombocytes using the ruthenium red method to fix and stain the glycocalyx. In ultrathin sections fixed routinely in glutaraldehyde followed by osmium tetroxide, numbers of electron-lucent vesicles are distributed throughout the cytoplasm. Since ruthenium red-positive reaction product is deposited on the inner surface of these vesicles, they are defined as the surface-connected canalicular system. Moreover, the semithin sectioned thrombocytes fixed by the ruthenium red method provide evidence that the surface-connected system is not composed of vesicles but also of numerous canaliculi. These results suggest that the surface-connected canalicular system is one of the most basic organelles of the thrombocyte system, common to submammalian species and to mammals.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Incidental carcinoma of the prostate: histopathology and natural history.

We reviewed 60 cases of incidental carcinoma of the prostate treated conservatively. Subclassification of incidental carcinoma was based on histologic grade and tumor size. Stage A1 was defined as a low grade (grade I) and focal lesion, and stage A2 as a high grade (grade II, III) or diffuse lesion. The distinction between focal and diffuse was set at three chips in a transurethrally resected specimen or a diameter of 5 mm for a total lesion in an enucleated specimen. Patients with stage A1 tumors did significantly better (p less than 0.05) than those with A2, the 5-year survival rates being 88% and 70%, respectively. It is believed that patients with stage A2 should be treated aggressively. However, conservative therapy is recommended for the patients with stage A1 prostate cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Incidental carcinoma of the prostate in Japan: histological characteristics and tumor size.

The incidence of incidental carcinoma of the prostate in Japan is reported, and a retrospective study of 60 incidental carcinoma of the prostate is presented on the basis of tumor size and histological features. As the tumor progressed in size, there was a corresponding increase in its malignant potential. The survival rate according to tumor size and histological grade showed a significant difference between A1 (less than 10 mm diameter and low grade) and A2 (greater than or equal to 10 mm diameter or moderate to high-grade tumor).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Unresponsiveness of plasma mineralocorticoids to angiotensin II in diabetic patients with asymptomatic normoreninemic hypoaldosteronism.

offlated hypoaldosteronism with or without hyperkalemia in patients with diabetes mellitus has been shown to exist occasionally without hyporeninemia. To assess in detail the adrenal function in this disorder, the responses of plasma aldosterone (PA) and its precursor steroids to angiotensin II (AII) infusion and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) injection were studied in seven patients with asymptomatic normoreninemic hypoaldosteronism (ANH) and 11 age-matched normal subjects. The ANH diabetic patients had, by definition, a low PA level after furosemide (80 mg orally) plus upright posture (4 hours) stimulation, low PA and high plasma renin activity (PRA) increases after the stimulation (a low delta PA/delta PRA ratio), and normokalemia. Plasma inactive renin and the inactive renin/total renin ration were similar in the ANH diabetic patients and in the normal subjects. Under the pre-AII condition, plasma DOC and corticosterone levels tended to be low, and the plasma 18-OHB and PA levels were low in the ANH diabetic patients compared with the normal subjects. The ratio of plasma 18-OHB to PA was similar in the two groups. All infusion produced no increases in plasma 18-OHB and PA in the ANH diabetic patients, whereas the infusion caused dose-dependent increases in these steroids in the normal subjects. Plasma DOC and corticosterone levels remained unchanged during AII infusion in the two groups. ACTH injection produced appropriate PA increases relative to the basal PA in the two groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

18-Hydroxycorticosterone↗
PubMed1985

[Fundamental and clinical studies on cefpimizole in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Cefpimizole (AC-1370), a new cephem antibiotic, was studied in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, fundamentally and clinically. And the following results were obtained. The concentrations of the drug in uterine arterial and cubital venous blood, and internal genital organs following intravenous drip infusion were measured. The results demonstrated favourable transfer of the drug into the various internal genital organs. Four patients with obstetric and gynecological infections were treated with AC-1370. The therapeutic results were good in 3, and poor in 1 case, therefore the effective rate was 75%. No side effects were noted in any cases, but the severe eosinophilia (37%) was found in 1 patient. It is therefore presumed that AC-1370 is a useful drug for infectious diseases in the field of obstetrics and gynecology.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Present state of the multidisciplinary treatment of renal, bladder and prostatic tumors].

Surgery has been considered to be a main treatment of urogenital cancer. However, surgery alone could not completely cure these patients. The prognosis was poor. Multi-disciplinary treatment has been adopted to improve these results. However, there are many problems to be solved, such as combination of these regimens. In addition, the criteria for evaluation of the therapy should be considered. Nevertheless, multi-disciplinary treatment has been one of the most potent procedures for these malignancies.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Staging pelvic lymphadenectomy for carcinoma of the prostate].

Prospective pathological staging by pelvic lymphadenectomy in 12 patients with clinically localized carcinoma of the prostate disclosed a high incidence (58%) of clinically silent and unsuspected lymph node metastases. The incidence of positive nodes was 0% in patients with clinical stage A disease, 33% in stage B, 100% in stage C disease. Serum acid phosphatase was not a useful staging marker. Excellent correlation existed between histological grade and pathological stage. Gleason's sum was predictive of nodal metastases.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Is renal arteriography necessary for the diagnosis of local staging in renal cell carcinoma?].

The accuracy of computed tomography and arteriography for the diagnosis of local staging of renal cell carcinoma was examined in 39 patients. Their accuracy in predicting perinephric, retroperitoneal lymph node, renal vein and inferior vena caval involvement by the tumor was investigated. The results were correlated with pathologic diagnoses from specimens of nephrectomy and lymphadenectomy in 39 cases. Staging was the same as the findings of computed tomography in 82 per cent of the lesions (27 of 34) and with arteriography in 74 per cent (29 of 39). Compared to arteriography, computed tomography was more accurate in the diagnosis of regional lymph node metastases. Based upon this experience, preoperative arteriography is not routinely recommended for the diagnosis of local staging of renal cell carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1985

Survival of patients with tumors of the renal pelvis and ureter: a retrospective study.

A review of 27 patients with renal pelvic tumors and ureteral tumors admitted to the Tsukuba University Hospital was performed retrospectively. Nineteen cases of renal pelvic tumors and eleven cases of ureteral tumors were submitted to the study. These patients were treated mainly by surgery. The rates for 1-year, 3-year, 5-year and 10-year survival were 88.5%, 57.6%, 40.3% and 20.2%, respectively. No obvious relationship between prognosis of renal pelvic tumor and that of ureteral tumors was seen. Pathologically, there was a correlation between the grade and the stage of the tumor. Prognosis was related to the stage of the tumor, but not to the grade of the tumor. Clinically, the patients with positive urinary cytology had a poorer prognosis. It was considered that no relationship existed between the preoperative clinical stage and the postoperative pathological stage. Consequently, the former is not considered a prognostic factor. We have been performing mainly radical nephroureterectomy with regional lymphadenectomy since 1975. The patients who received the operation with regional lymphadenectomy since 1975. The patients who received the operation with regional lymphadenectomy or with adjuvant chemotherapy had a better prognosis. It is concluded that lymphadenectomy is a valuable operation for improving prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Studies of four Japanese families with hereditary angioneurotic edema: simultaneous activation of plasma protease systems and exogenous triggering stimuli.

Forty-five relatives of 4 families with hereditary angioneurotic edema (HANE) were studied. Twenty-five, including 11 asymptomatic kindreds with the disposition, showed typical changes in complement system compatible with HANE. Follow-up study of HANE patients showed that, even in remission period, complement, coagulation and fibrinolytic systems can be activated. During edema attacks, moderate haemoconcentration and neutrophilia were encountered and kallikrein-kinin system was found to be also activated. Replacement therapy with C 1-inhibitor preparation for an edema attack revealed that clinical improvement paralleled the increase in blood levels of high molecular weight kininogen. Thus, HANE attack is considered to be elicited in kindreds with the hereditary disposition by activation of plasma protease systems, particularly by that of kallikrein-kinin system. On the other hand, exogenous triggers that can initiate activation of the protease systems can be classified into 2, neuro-humoral (sympathetic nerve response) and physico-chemical, categories. Hence, the edema attack of kindreds with the hereditary disposition can at least be modified by the biosynthesis of plasma factors and the individual susceptibility to the liberated catecholamines. These two different reaction processes are considered to be linked by the release of plasminogen activator and/or Hageman factor activating enzyme.

Angioedema↗
PubMed1984

Ketogenesis during sepsis in relation to hepatic energy metabolism.

The concentrations of acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and adenine nucleotides, and the mitochondrial phosphorylative activities, induced by cecal ligation and punctured in the liver of septic rats, were determined. The concentrations of glucose, free fatty acids (FFA), and free amino acids in arterial blood were also studied along with ketone body concentrations. Hepatic energy charge levels decreased from 0.84 to 0.77 at 12h after the induction of sepsis (P less than 0.01) and to 0.60 at 18h (P less than 0.001). Mitochondrial phosphorylative activity was enhanced at 6h (P less than 0.001) and decreased at 18h later. Ketone body concentrations in the liver and the arterial blood decreased concomitant with the decrease in hepatic energy charge. The mitochondrial redox state increased significantly at 12 and 18h after the induction of sepsis (P less than 0.01) concomitant with a marked decrease in the concentrations of ketone bodies (P less than 0.01). Blood glucose levels remained within normal limits except for a transient increase at 6h, but plasma FFA levels decreased (P less than 0.01). The plasma concentrations of aromatic amino acids (P less than 0.001), proline, and alanine (P less than 0.05) increased slightly at 18h. It is suggested that the ketogenic capacity of the liver is inhibited during sepsis, but that the liver maintains gluconeogenesis at relatively normal levels until a more advanced stage of sepsis.

Adenine Nucleotides↗