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Biomedical subjects

K Uchida

Publications and source records attributed to K Uchida.

At least 1,279 records · Page 71Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Cerebral 11C-glucose metabolism during human sleep].

Some reports have suggested that there is no difference in cerebral metabolic rates between wakefulness and sleep. However recently Kennedy et al. and Heiss et al. reported a decrease in cerebral glucose utilization during NREM sleep measured by the using deoxyglucose method. We used a 11C-glucose method for positron emission tomography (PET) while estimating cerebral glucose metabolism during human sleep with polysomnography (PSG). This PET and PSG study was carried out on 11 healthy male volunteers ranging in age from 18 to 26 years. In order to facilitate the onset of sleep, the subjects were deprived of sleep, under observation in the lab, for a period of approximately 20 hours prior to the PSG and PET examination. All experiments were performed in the early morning, most often between 4 and 10 AM. The subjects' sleep was monitored by PSG, i.e. electroencephalogram, electrooculogram and a submental electroencephalogram, electrooculogram and a submental electromyogram. The 11C-glucose used in the experiment was prepared by the biosynthetic method developed by Lifton and Welch, using 11C produced by a baby cyclotron. The 11C-glucose solution, containing about 20 mCi of 11C activity was administered orally to the subjects. The time course of the 11C activity in the blood following the administration was determined by drawing 1 ml of blood from the antecubital vein once every 10 minutes. These samples were assayed for 11C activity in a NaI well counter. The PET images of a horizontal cross-section of the brain at 45 mm above the orbito-meatal line, were used for the analysis of the glucose metabolism.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[A case of malignant melanoma, axillary lymph node metastasis proved by fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology].

We report the case of a 57-year-old man with a malignant melanoma in the subunguinal region of his right thumb associated with the palpable axillary lymph nodes. Its metastasis was confirmed by fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology. Prognosis if a malignant melanoma is protean by its stage. Thus information regarding the axillary metastasis is mandatory for deciding the therapeutic plan. Fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology is a useful technique for diagnosing lymph node metastasis.

Axilla↗
PubMed1987

Endolymphatic sac surgery for Menière's disease: eighteen years' experience with the Kitahara sac operation.

From 1968 to 1983, 162 cases of Meniere's disease were treated surgically with our intramastoid drainage technique. One hundred forty of these cases could be followed up for two years or more. Treatment results were calculated according to the 1972 AAOO criteria and the 1985 AAO-HNS criteria. Using our technique, definitive vertigo spells could be controlled completely in 78% of cases and substantially controlled in 94%. Hearing worsened in only 15% of all cases. Therefore, prevention of worsening of hearing, especially in bilateral cases, and control of vertigo spells in patients with frequent attacks were considered absolute indications for our technique. In this study critical observations were made based on the number of cases hitherto reported by surgeons (the average number of patients undergoing surgery in our clinic was fourteen per year). The need for careful selection of patients for surgery is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Therapeutic effects of a combination of intermediate-dose cytosine arabinoside, adriamycin and vincristine in relapsed acute leukemia].

Eleven cases of acute leukemia, 8 relapsed and 3 refractory to a conventional induction chemotherapy, were treated with a combination of intermediate-dose cytosine arabinoside (ara-C), adriamycin (ADM) and vincristine (VCR). They consisted of 9 ANLL and 2 ALL. The therapeutic regimen consisted of 1-hour infusion of ara-C of a dose of 500 mg/m2 every 12 hours for 6 days from days 3 to 8, ADM, 40 mg/m2, on day 1 and VCR, 1.4 mg/m2, on day 2. Among 11 cases in which an evaluation was possible, 7 obtained complete remission (CR). The CR rate was 77.8% in the 9 cases of ANLL. The toxicity of this regimen included the following: conjunctivitis in 4 of 11 cases (36%), nausea and vomiting in 9 of 11 cases (91%) and hair loss in all cases, although no toxicities of the central nervous system of liver were observed. The mean level of serum concentration of ara-C was above 10 microM at 15, 30 and 60 minutes after the initiation of infusion. The therapeutic effect of this regimen consisting of intermediate-dose ara-C is expected to be useful not only in induction of refractory and relapsed acute leukemia, but also in the postremission therapy of CR cases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Effect of serum on inhibition of DNA synthesis in leukemia cells by cis- and trans-(Pt (NH3) 2C1(2)).

We examined the inhibition of DNA synthesis by cis- and trans-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (cis- and trans-Pt) in leukemia cells, YAC-1 and RADA1. The degree of inhibition by trans-Pt was about the same as that by cis-Pt in vitro in the absence of serum, but the former was much lower than the latter in vivo or in the presence of serum in vitro. Atomic absorption studies showed that the amount of trans-Pt trapped by the serum in vitro is much larger than that of cis-Pt. Therefore, the amount of trans-Pt bound to DNA in vivo must be considerably smaller than that of cis-Pt, which eventually results in the antitumor-inactive nature of trans-Pt.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Selective oxidation of imidazole ring in histidine residues by the ascorbic acid-copper ion system.

In connection with the physiological actions of active oxygen species on proteins, oxidative modification of histidine residues by the autoxidation of ascorbic acid was determined and the main oxidized compound was identified. Oxidation of imidazole ring by the ascorbic acid-copper ion system was considerably site-specific and assumed to be initiated by the addition of the hydroxyl radical (.0H) at C-2 position in the imidazole ring.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Hormonal regulation of glandular kallikrein activity and its inhibitor in human plasma.

Plasma glandular kallikrein (GK) activity, serum 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), reverse T3, thyroid-stimulating hormone, plasma alpha 2 macroglobulin (alpha 2M) and alpha 1 antitrypsin (alpha 1AT) levels were determined in twenty-nine non-diabetic female subjects given normal ad-lib diet or one of several kinds of caloric composition for more than 7 days after an overnight fast. Positive exponential correlation was found between serum T3 level and plasma GK activity (r = 0.54), and there was positive linear correlation between serum T3 level and plasma 2M level (r = 0.51). Positive natural logarithmic correlation was found between plasma GK activity and plasma alpha 2M level (r = 0.47). There was no correlation between plasma GK activity and plasma alpha 1AT level, and between serum T3 level and plasma alpha 1AT level. No correlation was found between serum T4 level and plasma GK activity, and between serum T4 level and plasma alpha 2M level. There was no correlation between serum T4 and T3 level, but positive exponential correlation was found between serum T4 and reverse T3 level (r = 0.82). These data suggest that T3 responds to dietary carbohydrate through Kallikrein-Kinin system, and T3 regulates both GK activity and its inhibitor (alpha 2M) in human plasma.

Diet↗