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Biomedical subjects

K Uchida

Publications and source records attributed to K Uchida.

At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Vitamin K reversible hypoprothrombinemia in rats. II. Efficacy of vitamin K on latamoxef-induced coagulopathy in rats.

Feeding of a vitamin K-deficient diet caused the development of hypoprothrombinemic changes in rats such as prolongation of prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), decreases in plasma prothrombin and clotting factor VII levels, and an increase in the descarboxyprothrombin (PIVKA) level in both plasma and liver. Successive administrations of latamoxef (LMOX) to the vitamin K-deficient rats resulted in the further enhancement of these changes. After the development of hypoprothrombinemia with LMOX, a single subcutaneous injection of vitamin K1 normalized most of these abnormalities in blood coagulation parameters within 6 hr. When vitamin K was given at 200 micrograms/kg, PT, APTT and the plasma PIVKA level showed normal values for at least 8 days even when the animals were fed a vitamin K-deficient diet and treated with LMOX during the recovery period. The amount of vitamin K required to maintain most of the blood coagulation parameters in the normal range was about 3 micrograms/kg/day. The plasma level of vitamin K was higher than 0.3-0.5 ng/ml when the blood coagulation parameters were maintained in the normal range.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Effects of heparin treatments in vivo and in vitro on adrenal angiotensin II receptors and angiotensin II-induced aldosterone production in rats.

To evaluate the heparin effects in vivo and in vitro on adrenal angiotensin II receptors and angiotensin II-induced aldosterone production, we examined the angiotensin II binding and the maximum angiotensin II-induced aldosterone production using adrenal glomerulosa cells from rats treated with a heparin preparation containing benzyl alcohol (1500 IU/kg, twice daily for 6 weeks) or cells to which heparin (300 IU/l) was directly added. Comparison was made using the cells from rats treated with vehicle or the cells to which vehicle was directly added. Specific binding of [125I]iodo-angiotensin II was decreased in the cells from heparin-treated rats or in the heparin-treated cells. Scatchard analysis showed that the decrease in binding was due to a decrease in both the number and the affinity of angiotensin II receptors in the cells from heparin-treated rats and a decrease in the number, but not the affinity, of the receptors in the heparin-treated cells. Heparin also caused a decrease in the maximum angiotensin II-induced production, but not the basal production, of aldosterone in the cells from heparin-treated rats and in the heparin-treated cells. These data suggest that heparin interacts with adrenal angiotensin II receptors to inhibit the angiotensin II-induced aldosterone production.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1988

[The pathological study of enterosiderosis in guinea pigs].

Enterosiderosis in both SPF Hartley guinea pigs and vitamin C-deficient animals of the same strain were studied by light and electron microscopy. Enterosiderosis was detected in all animals in the present study. Macrophages, inclosing yellowish-brown pigments and erythrocytes, appeared in the lamina propria of the intestinal mucosa, mainly in the cecum. These pigments in the macrophages were positive for Prussian blue, PAS and the Nile blue reaction. Residual bodies containing highly electron-dense ferritin-like particles, lipofuscin granules and debris of phagocytized erythrocytes were found by electron microscopy in the macrophages. In vitamin C-deficient guinea pigs, the number of macrophages, including the same above pigments, appeared in the lamina propria of the intestinal mucosa, and there was severe enterosiderosis. In the absorptive cells of the intestinal mucous membrane, granules positive for the Prussian blue reaction appeared only in the duodenum. These findings strongly suggest that the pigments in the macrophages in enterosiderosis of the guinea pigs were mixtures of iron and lipofuscin granules and that the iron is derived from erythrocytes phagocytized by macrophages in the lamina propria, but not from iron absorbed by epithelial cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Pancreatic lesions of small-obese mice (C57BL/6 J-ob/ob) with hyperglucagonemia].

Male Small-obese mice (Small-ob) which derived from a C57BL/6 J-ob/ob mouse colony were examined histopathologically at 13-, 39-, and over 52-week-old. C57BL/6 J-ob mice (?/+: Non-ob, ob/ob: Ob) were studied as controls. In Small-ob mice, plasma glucagon concentration was higher than that of the Ob mice (this difference was highly significant), and serum levels for insulin was within normal limits. Microscopically, hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the islets of Langerhans were found only in the pancreas of Ob mice. The increase in the number of A-cells and the decrease in the number of B-cells were revealed immunohistochemically in the islets of Small-ob mice. These changes were more severe with advance of age. In the aged Small-ob mice, perivascular and periductular cell infiltration were found, but inflammatory change of islet tissue was not confirmed in any animals examined. Diabetic symptoms in Small-ob mice seems to stem from the disparity in insulin/glucagon (I/G) ratio associated with hyperglucagonemia which result from increased number of A-cells of pancreatic islets.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

Rearrangement of the breakpoint cluster region in Philadelphia chromosome positive acute leukemia.

The rearrangement of breakpoint cluster region (ber) was examined in leukemic cells obtained from 3 patients initially diagnosed as having Ph+ acute leukemia, 2 with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and one with acute mixed leukemia. DNA was digested with Bgl II and BamH I. The ber rearrangement was present in the case of acute mixed leukemia (Case 1), but was absent in the 2 cases of ALL (Cases 2 and 3). These results suggest that Case 1 represented a type of blast crisis of chronic myelocytic leukemia which was unusual in the sense of the occurrence of a myeloid-lymphoid conversion and lack of an apparent chronic phase. Cases 2 and 3 appeared to be de novo Ph+ ALL.

Blast Crisis↗
PubMed1988

Superoxide anion production by neutrophils in myelodysplastic syndromes (preleukemia).

Superoxide anion (O2-) production by neutrophils from 14 untreated patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) was significantly less than that of healthy controls (4.93 +/- 1.99 vx 6.20 +/- 1.53 nmol/min/10(6) neutrophils, p less than 0.05). In 10 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), however, it was not significantly different from the control level although 6 of the 10 patients had low levels, when individual patients were compared with the lower limit of the control range. An inverse correlation between the O2- production of neutrophils and the percentage of leukemic cells in the marrow existed in ANLL (r = -0.55, p less than 0.01), but not in MDS. Three of 4 MDS patients who died of pneumonia prior to leukemic conversion showed a low level of O2- production. The impaired O2- production by neutrophils from some MDS patients, probably due to the faulty differentiation from leukemic clones, may be one of the causes of enhanced susceptibility to infection.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Synthesis of carbon-14 labeled 1-acetoxyethyl 2-(2-fluoro-4-biphenyl)propionate (14C-FP 83)].

1-Acetoxyethyl 2-(2-fluoro-4-biphenylyl) [14C-methyl]propionate (14C-Me-FP 83), a novel nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent for injection, was synthesized in order to investigate the metabolic fate. 14C-Me-FP 83 was obtained by the condensation of 2-(2-fluoro-4-biphenylyl) [14C-methyl]propionic acid with 1-chloroethyl acetate. The chemical yield of 1 was 62% after purification. The specific activity was 258 kBq/mg (6.99 microCi/mg) and its radiochemical purity was 99% in thin layer chromatographic method.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical effects of K-18 (IgG-melphalan) in hypoplastic leukemia: a case report].

Five cases of hypoplastic acute myelocytic leukemia were treated with an IgG-melphalan conjugate, K-18. Eight tablets of K-18, containing 30 mg per tablet, were given daily. One patient, a 68-year-old female, obtained complete remission with a duration of 1.5 + months. Among the four remaining patients without remission, one showed a decrease in leukemic cells in the peripheral blood. No side effects of K-18 were observed except in one patient, showing a slight increase in serum GOT and GPT levels. Further studies with a large group will be necessary to clarify the effect of this drug on hypoplastic leukemia.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

Exercise-induced increase in glandular kallikrein activity in human plasma and its significance in peripheral glucose metabolism.

Glucose uptake into skeletal muscle of human forearm at rest and during exercise is reported to be diminished by the administration of a kallikrein (kallidinogenase) inhibitor. The present study was conducted to clarify the changes of glandular kallikrein (GK) activity in human plasma during acute exercise and its significance in peripheral glucose metabolism. 10 non-diabetic inpatients, aged 49.5 years, and 8 diabetic inpatients, aged 53.8 years, were studied. After an overnight fast, bicycle ergometer exercise test was performed for 15 min (25 W (5 min)----50 W (5 min)----75 W (5 min]. Before (basal), during (at 15 min) and after exercise (at 25 min), venous blood samples were drawn to determine plasma GK activity and glucose, serum immunoreactive insulin (IRI), C-peptide immunoreactivity (CPR), nonesterified fatty acids, pyruvate, lactate, noradrenaline and adrenaline levels. In the 1st trial, in both non-diabetics (n = 10) and diabetics (n = 8), plasma GK activity increased significantly during exercise. After the 1st trial, in 6 patients (5 non-diabetics; 1 diabetic), exercise test was repeated once after 2-4 weeks and in a diabetic patient, exercise test was repeated twice at 4-week intervals, accordingly exercise test was performed 26 times in 18 patients in total. Natural logarithmic correlation between sigma glucose level and sigma GK activity (r = 0.52, n = 26), and hyperbolic correlation between sigma glucose level and sigma IRI level (r = -0.66, n = 26) but no correlation between sigma glucose level and sigma CPR level (r = 0.17, n = 26) were found.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical study on the effect of chemotherapy in the treatment of pancreatic cancer].

The effect of chemotherapy in the treatment of pancreatic cancer was evaluated on the basis of prognosis in 299 patients treated at the Kobe University Hospital and the Interhospital Cooperative Study Group for Multidisciplinary Approaches to Treatment of Pancreatic and Biliary Cancer. One hundred forty-three patients with pancreatic cancer were treated with a number of chemotherapeutic agents, while ninety-eight patients did not receive any chemotherapy. There were no significant differences in clinical characteristics between the two groups. The treated patients had a median survival time of 6 months and a one-year cumulative survival rate of 25.3%. These were significantly different compared with figures of 3 months and 9.5% for non-treated control patients. A chemotherapy regimen consisting of fluoropyrimidines was also confirmed to be effective. These results suggest that the chemotherapeutic approach appears quite promising and is effective for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗