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Biomedical subjects

K Uchida

Publications and source records attributed to K Uchida.

At least 1,171 records · Page 65Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Urogenital cancer].

Treatment of urogenital cancer has made great progress due to early detection by various imaging techniques. Renal cancer is a good example of cancer that has been diagnosed in the earlier stages by the routine imaging methods. BRM therapy of interferons and interleukin II has been proved useful for renal cancer. It has been difficult to diagnose the wall invasion of the bladder cancer. However, ultrasonic imaging has made it possible to detect precisely the invasion into the vesical muscles and adventitia. Also, prostatic acid phosphatase and prostatic specific antigen have become more specific markers for prostatic cancer. Various treatments for this malignancy, including operative surgery, have made progress. The results of chemotherapy for testicular cancer have become fruitful by the use of cisplatin.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Preoperative localization of supernumerary and ectopic parathyroid glands in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism].

The undetectable supernumerary and ectopic parathyroid glands have a high risk of persistent and recurrent hyperparathyroidism, especially in the patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Preoperative image diagnosis, CT scan, echogram and 201T1C1 scintigram were very useful for detecting supernumerary and ectopic parathyroid glands in our 132 patients who underwent parathyroidectomy for secondary hyperparathyroidism. Among these methods the scintigraphy showed the highest detection rate of the glands in the thymic tongue and in the upper mediastinum. CT scan showed the best detection rate of the glands located in the thyroid gland and those located between the thyroid gland and trachea. The echography was useful in detecting the glands in the thyroid gland, but could not offer easy visualization those located in the mediastinum. Even the ectopic parathyroid glands, weighing more than 500 mg were identifiable at about 90% when all the methods were applied routinely. In our experience, four patients had a supernumerary gland which was detected by the preoperative image diagnostic procedures at the initial surgery. One patient had a supernumerary gland in the mediastinum which was detected by image diagnosis after the initial operation and was removed at reoperation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Epidermoid cyst of the testis: a report of two cases].

We report two cases of epidermoid cyst of the testis. Case 1: A 57-year-old man was admitted to Osaka University Hospital with the chief complaint of a small nodule in the left scrotal content. Physical examination revealed that a little-finger tip sized hard mass was palpable at the upper part of the left testis. Left orchiectomy was performed under the diagnosis of testicular tumor. Histological diagnosis was epidermoid cyst of the testis. Case 2: A 25-year-old man was admitted to Osaka Kosei-Nenkin Hospital with the chief complaint of a nodule in the left scrotal content. Ultrasonographic examination revealed a hypoechoic lesion with echogenic rim in the left testis. Left orchiectomy was performed under the diagnosis of testicular tumor. Histological diagnosis was epidermoid cyst of the testis. In both cases, no evidence of recurrence has been noticed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Xenon-enhanced CT CBF measurements in intracranial vascular malformations].

In the management of intracranial vascular malformations, it is important to know the regional cerebral blood flow in its surrounding structure. However, CT scan with contrast medium and angiography have only a limited ability to estimate the rCBF. In this study, stable xenon-computerized tomography scanning by means of the end-tidal gas-sampling method was performed in eleven patients with intracranial vascular malformations. Seven of the patients had arteriovenous malformations, three had venous angiomas and one had aneurysm of the vein of Galen. In two patients with large arteriovenous malformations, in two with "larger" venous angioma and in one with aneurysm of the vein of Galen, rCBF values were significantly reduced, particularly adjacent to the malformations. In contrast, there were no areas showing reduced rCBF in cases where the malformations were small. This indicates development of ischemia correlates with the size of malformations. From the xenon-enhanced CT scan and angiographic findings, the presence of steal phenomenon with venous congestion might be a cause of rCBF reduction in those cases where ischemia exists.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The Escherichia coli biotin biosynthetic enzyme sequences predicted from the nucleotide sequence of the bio operon.

The nucleotide sequence of the biotin (bio) biosynthetic operon of Escherichia coli has been determined. The 5.8-kilobase region contains the five biotin operon genes, bioA, B, F, C, and D. and an open reading frame of unknown function. The operon is negatively regulated and divergently transcribed from a control region between the bioA and bioB genes. The product of the bioA gene, 7,8-diaminopelargonic acid aminotransferase, was discovered to be related to ornithine aminotransferase. The product of the bioF gene, 7-keto-8-aminopelargonic acid synthetase, was found to be similar to 5-aminolevulinic acid synthetase.

5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase↗
PubMed1988

Induction of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase gene expression in lectin-stimulated human T lymphocytes is dependent on protein synthesis.

The poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase mRNA level in quiescent T lymphocytes was low, but was significantly higher than that in B lymphocytes or monocytes. When T lymphocytes were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin, a prompt increase in the mRNA level was observed from 4 hours after stimulation. The level of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase mRNA reached a maximum in the late G1 phase about 1-2 days after lectin stimulation, and then decreased gradually returning to the basal level 10 days after lectin stimulation. Cycloheximide abrogated increase in poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase gene expression suggesting that a newly synthesized protein(s) was involved in poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase gene induction in lectin-stimulated T lymphocytes.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1988

Automated fluorogenic methods for the evaluation of the extrinsic coagulation reactions in human plasma.

Highly sensitive automated methods for the evaluation of the extrinsic coagulation reactions in human plasma were developed by the combination of fluorogenic peptide substrate (MCA) for thrombin and a centrifugal autoanalyzer (Cobas Bio). Prothrombin time (PT) was measured by the reaction time to reach 0.1 relative fluorescence which was caused by the action of thrombin generated after the activation of 3 microliters plasma with human placental tissue factor (Thromborel S). Factors X and VII contents in plasma were measured by the same method after mixing diluted plasma with each factor deficient plasma, tissue factor, calcium and MCA in which 10-800% of each factor was quantitatively measured. Prothrombin content in plasma was quantitated by measuring thrombin activity after the activation with human activated Factor X in the presence of phospholipid and calcium in which 10-160% of prothrombin was measured. By the application of these fluorogenic methods to the patients with cardiovascular diseases, it was demonstrated that these methods are highly sensitive not only to hypocoagulable state, but also to hypercoagulable state, particularly to the increase of Factors X and VII concentrations in plasma.

Blood Coagulation Factors↗
PubMed1988

[A case of chemical hyperthyroidism induced by antiarrhythmic agent amiodarone].

Amiodarone, an antiarrhythmic agent, is known to occasionally induce alterations in thyroid function because of its iodine content and ability to inhibit T4 5'-monodeiodination. We herein describe the drug-induced chemical hyperthyroidism in a diabetic patient with ventricular premature beats. A 46-year-old man with well controlled diabetes mellitus revealed neck swelling during a 4 months' treatment with amiodarone for his frequent occurrence of ventricular premature beats. Physical findings were unremarkable other than grade III diffuse struma. Routine laboratory studies were almost normal. The results of thyroid function studies showed hyperthyroidism, including increases in T4 and free T4, slight increases in T3 and free T3, a marked increase in reverse T3 and a decrease in 123I 24-h uptake. TSH was low and did not respond to TRH. Antithyroid antibodies and TSH receptor antibodies were negative. The findings of the thyroid biopsy were unremarkable except for a mild follicular hyperplasia. After cessation of the drug, T3 and free T3 were returned to normal within 2 weeks, T4 and free T4 within 2 months and reverse T3 after 6 months. These data suggest that the struma and chemical hyperthyroidism observed in our patient were induced by amiodarone treatment.

Amiodarone↗
PubMed1988

A new method of inhibiting glycolysis in blood samples.

The maintenance of hydrogen ion concentration in blood samples at pH 5.3-5.9 immediately inhibits glycolysis. This effect is due to the inhibition of all glycolytic enzymes, as shown by measurement of various glycolytic intermediates. At the inhibitory pH at 25 degrees C, the glucose content did not decrease over a period of 8 h, but it did decrease by 1.3 +/- 1.1 mg/dl over 24 h.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1988

Effects of latamoxef on in vitro and ex vivo thromboxane A2 generation in human platelets.

Although beta-lactam antibiotics cause similar platelet abnormalities in vitro and in vivo, it is still unclear whether the mechanism(s) leading to the defects in both conditions are the same. The present work compared in vitro and ex vivo effects of latamoxef (LMOX) on aggregation and thromboxane (TX)A2 generation, determined as TXB2 generation. In the in vitro systems, LMOX interfered with both responses induced with all agonists tested (ADP, collagen and thrombin). Furthermore, although LMOX did not suppress arachidonic acid (AA)-induced TXB2 generation, it significantly suppressed the aggregation. In ex vivo systems performed with four healthy subjects, LMOX administration clearly suppressed the ADP-induced responses, but not the responses induced with the other agonists or AA. These differences observed in vitro and ex vivo are discussed from the viewpoint of different action mechanisms of LMOX under the two conditions.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1988

Phase I clinical studies of 7432-S: effect of 7432-S on platelet aggregation and blood coagulation.

The effects of 7432-S, a new oral cephalosporin antibiotic, on platelet functions and vitamin K-dependent blood coagulation parameters were studied in human volunteers and animals. Although the ADP- and collagen-induced aggregations of human and animal platelets were inhibited in vitro by extremely high concentrations of 7432-S, the inhibitory effect of 7432-S was weaker than that of latamoxef or cefotaxime. When administered orally to human volunteers or animals, 7432-S caused no inhibition of platelet aggregation. Its administration also caused no change in prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time both in human volunteers and in rats. The conclusion reached was that the new oral antibiotic 7432-S does not affect platelet functions and blood coagulation.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗