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Biomedical subjects

K Uchida

Publications and source records attributed to K Uchida.

At least 829 records · Page 46Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[A case of malignant lymphoma, highly suspected to be of pancreatic origin, with multiple nodular hepatic invasions].

We reported a rare case of malignant lymphoma, highly suspected to be of pancreas origin with multiple nodular hepatic invasions. A 63-year-old man visited our hospital on May 24 1990, complaining of anorexia. In spite of high serum levels of LDH and amylase, abdominal ultrasonography (US) showed no significant lesions. Forty days later, he was admitted because of the loss of weight and the appearance of abdominal pain with marked hepatomegaly, exhibiting cachexia. Abdominal US and computed tomography visualized a tumor of pancreas with multiple nodular space-occupying lesions in the liver. In several days, jaundice and ascites appeared with progressive deterioration. Angiography showed no tumor vascularity nor vascular stain in pancreas and liver, suggesting a non-epithelial malignancy. Mitomycin C and Epi-adriamycin, given to the patient via the celiac artery, brought about a remarkable shrinkage of the abdominal tumor. Subsequent systemic chemotherapies and occasional intra-arterial chemotherapies resulted in the disappearance of abdominal tumor clinically. However, at the end of April 1991, signs of CNS involvement were observed, and he died on June 7, 1991. Autopsy revealed that malignant lymphoma, of diffuse large cell type, had invaded the subarachnoidal cavity without any evidence of invasion of the abdomen or other sites except regional necrotic lesion in the pancreas. These findings strongly suggested that the patient suffered from malignant lymphoma of pancreas origin with multiple nodular hepatic invasions.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1994

[Treatment of prostatic carcinoma with UFT and leucovorin--basic study using SRCA].

Combination effect of UFT and leucovorin against the rat prostatic carcinoma (R-3327) was evaluated by the subrenal capsular assay (SRCA) using nude mice. Anticancer effect of UFT was augmented by co-administration of both low and high dose leucovorin. These results suggest a clinical usefulness of UFT administration with leucovorin for the patients with hormonally refractory advanced prostatic carcinoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Therapeutic efficacy of lanoconazole ointment in guinea pig model of tinea pedis, in comparison with that of cream preparations].

The therapeutic efficacy of ointment and cream preparations of lanoconazole in a guinea pig model of tinea pedis was compared. When infected animals were treated once daily with 0.25% and 0.5% lanoconazole ointments, 7 of 10 and 8 of 10 infected feet became culture-negative, respectively. In animals treated with 1% lanoconazole ointment, fungus was not recovered from any infected foot. Comparing these results with those of culture study in animals which were treated with comparable concentrations of lanoconazole cream, no significant differences were found. These studies, therefore, suggested that ointment and cream preparations of lanoconazole on topical application in the tinea pedis model would show basically equivalent therapeutic efficacy.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1994

[Glomerular endothelial cell culture and its application].

Glomerular endothelial cells (GEN) have recently been cloned, cultivated and characterized. They have as same biological characteristics as expressed in endothelial cells derived from different sources. Because of the difficulties of cloning of GEN, we first transfected plasmid DNA containing large T antigen of SV-40 (NH-GEN1). Culture method of GEN and NH-GEN1 and its application are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) acetylhydrolase activity, type II phospholipase A2, and cytokine levels in patients with sepsis.

Platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) activity was measured in patients with sepsis, and its relationships with various cytokines and endotoxin were evaluated. PAF-AH activity was significantly higher (p = 0.0136) in 17 patients who died than 13 patients who survived. PAF-AH activity showed significant correlations with the plasma endotoxin, TNF-alpha, and IL-8 levels. These findings suggest that PAF-AH activity reflects the severity of the pathological condition.

1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase↗
PubMed1994

Effect of prolonged delayed graft function on long-term graft outcome in cadaveric kidney transplantation.

One-hundred-and-twenty-six cadaveric renal transplantations were analyzed for the effect of post-transplant renal function on graft outcome. Thirty-one grafts functioned immediately after transplantation (Group 1), 54 grafts failed to function temporarily up to 8 posttransplant days as evidenced by urine output < 400 ml/day or hemodialysis support (Group 2), 33 grafts showed temporary nonfunction > 8 days (Group 3) and 8 grafts never functioned (group 4). Five-year graft failure rates were 6.5% (2/31), 13.0% (7/54), 42.4% (14/33) and 100% (8/8) for Groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Actuarial 5-year graft survivals were 89.4%, 84.8%, 50% and 0% for Groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively (p < 0.05). The most common cause of graft failure was the chronic rejection in 13, of which 9 were in Group 3. Acute rejection episodes during the first 3 months post-transplant in Group 3 (15 of 33, 45.5%) was slightly higher than that in Group 1 (10 of 30, 33.3%) or Group 2 (19 of 54, 35.2%) but the differences were not significant. Acute rejection episodes were associated with graft loss only 1 of 19 (5.3%) patients in Group 2 whereas 9 of 15 (47.4%) were seen in Group 3. The authors conclude that prolonged DGF is associated with a higher incidence of graft failure, particularly secondary to chronic rejection after 1 year posttransplant. Moreover, acute rejection based on prolonged DGF probably plays a major role in the development of chronic rejection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Determination of serotonin in whole blood and platelet rich plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection].

An improved high-performance liquid chromatographic method with fluorometric detection (Ex 285nm, Em 345nm) for the assay of serotonin in whole blood and platelet rich plasma was developed for the routine clinical examination. Clinical sample was successfully deproteinized with perchloric acid in the presence of a reducing agent (ascorbic acid). Precision (CV < 5.0%), accuracy (recovery > 95%), lower assay limit (20ng/ml) and assay time (15min/sample) were allowable for the routine clinical examination. The level of serotonin (ng/ml, mean +/- SD) in whole blood and platelet rich plasma from normal volunteers (n = 53) was 143 +/- 47 and 180 +/- 60, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Effect of low calcium diet on blood pressure and pressure natriuresis response in rats: role of the renin-angiotensin system].

Dietary Ca is an important modulator of arterial blood pressure in humans and rats. Since the kidney plays a key role in the pathogenesis of hypertension, the effect of a low Ca diet (0.01%Ca) on blood pressure and pressure natriuresis response was studied in Sprague-Dawley rats. In addition, a possible role of the renin-angiotensin system in the development of hypertension and an altered pressure natriuresis response resulting from low dietary Ca intake was investigated. In the low Ca diet group, systolic blood pressure determined by the tail-cuff method was significantly higher than in the normal Ca diet group (1.1%Ca) 1 week after the diet (113.0 +/- 7.1 vs. 105.0 +/- 9.5 mmHg, p < 0.05). Furthermore, low dietary Ca treatment significantly inhibited the water and sodium excretory responses to acute elevation of renal perfusion pressure. Treatment with an inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme, captopril (30 mg/kg/day), attenuated both the development of hypertension and the reduced pressure natriuresis response observed in Ca-deficient rats. Although plasma renin activity was not different between the low and normal Ca diet groups after the 2-week dietary regimen, the pressor response to angiotensin II injection was significantly greater in the low Ca diet group. These results indicate a possible involvement of the renin-angiotensin system in the development of hypertension and the inhibitory effects of the pressure natriuresis response caused by low dietary Ca intake, via enhanced sensitivity to angiotensin II.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Assessment of the treatment of pulmonary hamartolymphangiomyomatosis].

I have recently treated four cases of pulmonary hamartolymphangiomyomatosis (HAM), mainly with progesterone therapy and oophorectomy. In two of four cases (case 2 and case 4), more than five years had passed from the onset of symptoms until the initiation of therapy. In one patient (case 2), the lungs had already been extensively destroyed when the therapy was started. In spite of effective therapy, she died of respiratory failure triggered by pneumothorax. Three of four cases were treated effectively, while one (case 1) had poor results. Despite progesterone therapy, oophorectomy and tamoxifen administration, her condition worsened and she died four years after the onset of symptoms. It is necessary to devise new treatments for such patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[A case of parosteal osteosarcoma at the cranial vault].

A rare case of parosteal osteosarcoma of the cranial vault has been reported. A 32-year-old male was admitted complaining of a hard scalp mass at the left temporoparietal region for several years. On admission he showed no neurological abnormalities. The craniogram, CT and MRI revealed a calcifying mass attached by a small stalk to the skull, and a radiolucent cleft between the tumor and the skull. On operation, the tumor proved to be hard, and it existed between the temporal muscle and the periosteum. A small tumoral attachment existed at the parietal region. The tumor was detached from the skull and the surrounding cranial bone was removed. The histological diagnosis was parosteal osteosarcoma. There have been only 12 cases of parosteal osteosarcoma of the skull reported. The pathological, neuroradiological findings and treatment of parosteal osteosarcoma were the main topics of discussion. This disease should be considered as one of the possible etiologies when a patient with a tumor of the skull is encountered.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Identification of GTP-binding proteins in human glomeruli.

The localization of GTP-binding proteins (G-proteins) in human glomeruli was examined using immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. Immunohistochemical staining for G-protein subunits demonstrated the existence of Gs alpha, Gi alpha and Go alpha proteins in the glomeruli. Moreover, immunoblots further revealed Gs alpha (52 kD), Gi alpha 1/2 (40-41 kD), Gi alpha 3 (40 kD) and Go alpha (39 kD) in the glomerular membranes. The predominant subspecies of Gs was a 52-kD protein, and Go alpha was detectable in the smallest amounts of the G-protein subunits. However, immunoblots failed to demonstrate detectable amounts of G-proteins in cytosolic extracts. This is the first report that characterizes G-protein subunits in human glomeruli. Further study is required to determine the roles of G-proteins in signal transductions in human glomeruli.

GTP-Binding Proteins↗
PubMed1994

[Various factors influencing in vitro antifungal activities of omoconazole nitrate (OMZ), a new imidazole antimycotic].

Effects of various factors on in vitro antifungal activities of omoconazole nitrate (OMZ) were investigated with bifonazole (BFZ) as the reference drug using an agar dilution method and a broth dilution method. Composition of the culture medium significantly altered the activity as determined by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of OMZ; OMZ exhibited a greater anti-Candida activity (smaller MIC values) on casitone agar (CA) than on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA). Anti-Candida activity of OMZ was the highest in pH 5 medium, but it was lowered by an increase of inoculum size, a prolongation of the incubation period and the addition of calf serum to the medium. Anti-Trichophyton activity of OMZ was not influenced with these factors except for the addition of calf serum. The activity of OMZ was fungicidal against Candida at pH 5.0 and against Trichophyton at pH 5.0 and 6.6. The geometric mean MIC of OMZ was lower than that of BFZ against C. albicans freshly-isolated on acid CA.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1994

[Prophylactic effect of oral terbinafine on the development of infection in guinea pigs inoculated with Trichophyton mentagrophytes].

Prophylactic effect was studies of a novel oral antifungal agent terbinafine (TBF) on the development of local infection in guinea pigs after inoculation of Trichophyton mentagrophytes. TBF was administered orally in a single dose of 6.25 or 12.5 mg/kg, 8, 24, 48 or 72 hrs before the inoculation, and the drug effect was assessed on the basis of local symptoms and culture study. The result of experiments demonstrated that oral TBF more or less prevented the development of the dermatophytic infection, depending on the dosage and the timing of administration, the complete prevention was achieved in the animals that were administered with 12.5 mg/kg of TBF 24 hrs prior to the inoculation of T. mentagrophytes. This suggests a good transferability and intracutaneous retaining of orally administered TBF.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

[Neoadjuvant (preoperative) chemotherapy for resectable breast cancer].

Neoadjuvant (preoperative) chemotherapy (NACT) represents a novel approach based on sound theoretical, pharmacokinetic, and experimental principles. The purpose of NACT is to improve control of the primary site by stage reduction and/or to improve control of micro-metastatic disease. We showed in this paper that: 1) Intensive NACT is beneficial to most patients with infiltrative breast cancer. 2) The extent of surgery can be reduced by NACT, and may provide optimal local control with the possibility of breast conservation. 3) There is no evidence that cure or survival is altered by NACT, as compared with standard postoperative adjuvant therapy. 4) Evidence from all of these studies indicates the safety of NACT relative to overall systemic toxicity and local wound healing. In recent years, NACT has been tested in twelve patients with stage III and inflammatory breast cancer in our institute. The objective clinical response was as follows: complete response 0%, partial response 92%, no change 8%, progressive disease 0%. Projected disease-free survival was 51% and projected overall survival was 63% at 7 years. These reported results and our experience emphasize the important role of NACT in the management of breast cancer.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1994

Relationship between anti-aversive effects of salmon calcitonin and plasma levels of ACTH, beta-endorphin and prostaglandin E2 in mice.

We investigated whether the anti-aversive effects of salmon calcitonin (SCT) was induced by increasing ACTH and beta-endorphin and/or by decreasing of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels in plasma of mice to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the analgesic effects of SCT. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injections of SCT inhibited acetic acid-induced aversive behavior (writhing) in a U-shaped dose response curve, the most effective dose being 0.1 IU/mouse. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of acetic acid increased, but not significantly, the levels of plasma ACTH and PGE2, but not beta-endorphin, which are considered to be psychoneuroendocrines correlated with pain. SCT (0.1 IU/mouse, i.c.v.) significantly increased plasma ACTH levels (p < 0.05) and tended to increase beta-endorphin levels (p = 0.052) in acetic acid-treated mice, whereas no change in PGE2 level was observed (p > 0.1). These results suggest that the anti-aversive effects of SCT may be mediated, at least in part, by the activation of ACTH.

Acetates↗