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Biomedical subjects

K Tsuno

Publications and source records attributed to K Tsuno.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Immunohistochemical demonstration of DNA polymerase alpha in human brain-tumor cells.

The proliferative capacity of brain-tumor cells was analyzed in vitro and in situ using monoclonal antibody (MAb) against deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) polymerase alpha. For the in vitro studies, two cultured human glioma cell lines were investigated using MAb against DNA polymerase alpha, the MAb Ki-67, a serum against proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA/cyclin), bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR), and an anti-BUdR MAb. During exponential growth of the cells, the percentage of polymerase alpha-positive cells (the "polymerase alpha score") ranged from 72.0% to 77.1%, the Ki-67-positive cells (the "Ki-67 score") ranged from 43.4% to 59.4%, the PCNA/cyclin-positive cells from 30.9% to 41.4%, and the BUdR labeling index from 28.6% to 39.3%. For the in situ studies, tissue from 60 human brain tumors and from two normal human brains was investigated and the polymerase alpha scores and Ki-67 scores were compared. In normal brain tissue, no immunostaining was found by either method. In brain tumors, both the polymerase alpha scores and the Ki-67 scores correlated with the histological grade of malignancy. Polymerase alpha scores were generally higher than Ki-67 scores in the same specimen, especially in malignant brain tumors. These findings suggest that immunostaining of DNA polymerase alpha is a convenient and important new method by which to estimate the cellular proliferation rate of brain tumors. Polymerase alpha scores may be closer to the growth fraction of the individual tumor than the MAb Ki-67 or other scores.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

Helical structures of nucleic acid-lipid conjugates: formation and morphology of helical structures from dimyristoyl-5'-phosphatidylribonucleosides.

Phospholipid-ribonucleoside conjugates containing two myristoyl groups and a ribonucleotidyl group, dimyristoyl-5'-phosphatidylribonucleosides have been synthesized and their self-organization and morphology have been investigated. Dimyristoyl-5'-phosphatidylribonucleosides spontaneously assembled to form various types of helical strands.

Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine↗
PubMed1990

[Interstitial brachytherapy for malignant gliomas using the Brown-Roberts-Wells (BRW) stereotactic system].

Eleven patients harboring recurrent or deep-seated malignant gliomas were treated by interstitial brachytherapy with 192Ir seed assembly, between June 1987 and September 1989. Implantations for the afterloaded catheter were performed using the Brown-Roberts-Wells (BRW) CT guided stereotactic system. The number of seeds and the distribution of the implants were chosen in such a way that the minimum tumor dose of 30-50Gy could be delivered to the surface or 1cm beyond the rim of the contrast enhancement. The radioactive sources were held in the afterloaded catheters that were removed after the desired dose had been delivered. Response to therapy was measured by serial CT scans and clinical examination. Tumor regressions were seen by CT scans made 2 or 3 months after implantation. One tumor showed complete regression (CR), four showed partial response (PR), one showed minor response (MR) and 5 showed no change (NC). Overall response rate was 54%. Six patients died 3 to 18 months following implantation, and five are still alive 7 to 27 months after implantation. No complications such as infection or hemorrhage were observed during the treatment. A patient harboring large (6.5cm in diameter) recurrent glioblastoma in the rt. parietal robe required a craniotomy due to the mass growing for one and half month after implantation, and radiation necrosis of the entire tumor mass was documented. The technique of stereotactic interstitial implantation was clinically well tolerated and easily reproducible and our preliminary results seemed encouraging. Technical improvement to achieve an adequate isodose distribution to cover the tumor volume might lead to improved survival rates.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Degree and extension of analgesic effect of morphine applied at three different spinal levels of epidural space].

Forty-five patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy were randomly divided into three groups. An epidural tube was inserted into one of the following three sites, Th11-12, L2-3, and caudal region. General anesthesia was then maintained with nitrous oxide-oxygen-enflurane, and pancuronium bromide. Morphine hydrochloride 2 mg in 8 ml of normal saline was administered into one of the designated epidural spaces one to two hours before the assumed end of surgery. Postoperative pain was assessed every four hours after the end of the operation until the next morning. Morphine exerted a relatively profound and prolonged analgesic effect in 40% of the Th11-12 group of patients, as well as in 6.7% of the L2-3 and caudal groups. But, supplementary analgesics were necessary in the other patients. No significant differences were found in the degree and extension of postoperative pain, as well as the doses of supplementary analgesics among the three groups. Adverse effects, such as nausea, vomiting and itching, occurred in 30 to 40% of each of the morphine administered groups. Though morphine was applied into different spinal levels, this clinical study did not show any difference in extension of analgesia. The epidurally applied morphine may be distributed widely in the spinal arachnoid space after some time, and may exert an effect on the brain as well as on the spinal nerves. When morphine is administered epidurally one to two hours before the end of a surgical operation, selection of an injection site according to the dermatome level of the skin incision may be unnecessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment of malignant lymphoma of the small intestine in aged patients over 70].

Case histories of three elderly patients with a malignant lymphoma of the small intestine are described. Case No. 1 involved a 80-year-old male with a diffuse malignant lymphoma of medium size that was associated with a jejunal perforation. On the 64th day after surgery, he died of heart failure during the course of chemotherapy. Case No. 2 was a 76-year-old male with a diffuse malignant lymphoma of medium size in the ileocecum. He left hospital after surgery had relieved his symptoms, although 8 months after he developed active pulmonary tuberculosis during the course of chemotherapy. Case No. 3 involved a 76-year-old female with a diffuse malignant lymphoma of the mixed cell type in the terminal ileum. She died of heart failure complicated by a pulmonary disease on the 36th postoperative day. The therapeutic results of treating the malignant lymphoma in these 3 aged patients were all unfavorable. Thus, it is felt that special care should be taken in treating aged patients with this kind of disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Retrospective study of tumor growth and progression in gastric leiomyosarcoma; a care report].

Presented is the case of a 58-year-old female who had been found to have a submucosal tumor of the stomach during a group medical examination 7 years earlier. Since that time, the proliferative course of the tumor has been regularly observed and the diagnosis of a gastric smooth muscle sarcoma was finally determined after an endoscopic examination performed this year. On the basis of X-ray photographs taken periodically, the mass gradually proliferated from 1.3 to 3.5 cm in diameter during the observation period of 2392 days. According to the doubling time (DT) calculation of Horai et al, the DT was 0.69. The proliferation in this case was very slow and this seems to be a characteristic of a highly differentiated smooth muscle sarcoma of the stomach.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1989

To-and-fro veno-venous extracorporeal lung assist for newborns with severe respiratory distress.

A veno-venous to-and-fro bypass method through a single blood access for extracorporeal lung assist with an artificial membrane lung is introduced. A premature newborn with severe respiratory distress was treated with this method. A 12 Fr. single lumen catheter with a spiral-embedded thin-wall, 0.25 mm in wall thickness, was placed in the right internal jugular vein. Venous blood was withdrawn and oxygenated blood returned alternately through the same catheter. Thus both carotid arteries and other large veins were kept intact. During the extracorporeal bypass, the patient was put on intermittent mandatory ventilation of 2 times/min for lung rest providing adequate arterial blood gases, and he survived.

Cardiopulmonary Bypass↗
PubMed1989

Effects of intragenic recombination on Est-alpha allele frequencies in natural populations of Drosophila virilis.

Relationships between the occurrence frequencies of intragenic recombinants and the allele frequencies at the Est-alpha locus were examined in two ecological populations of Drosophila virilis. The effective occurrence rate of recombinant alleles is on the average 0.95 X 10(-5). The effects of the recombination were slightly recognized in terms of the allele frequencies.

Alleles↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of external decompression on the development of delayed ischemic neurological deficits after subarachnoid hemorrhage].

The protective effect of a large decompressive craniectomy against delayed ischemic neurological deficits (DIND) was evaluated in patients operated on after subarachnoid hemorrhage due to a ruptured aneurysm. In 54 cases, a large decompressive craniectomy was performed (Group D), and 41 patients underwent conventional craniotomy (Group ND). Transient DIND appeared in three (17%) of the 18 Group D patients of Hunt and Kosnik grade I or II, but permanent deficits were not observed in this group. In Group ND, permanent DIND developed in seven (21%) of the 33 grade I or II patients, despite their having received the same medical care. This difference was statistically significant. However, there were no differences in outcome among patients of grades III, IV, and V. These results suggest that, at least in patients of grade I or II, a large decompressive craniectomy, performed early, will prevent DIND after subarachnoid hemorrhage. The procedure may prevent the increase in intracranial pressure and decrease in perfusion pressure brought on by vasospasm and the development of brain edema.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Anomalous case of the left common carotid artery arising from the brachiocephalic trunk].

We found an anomalous branch of the aortic arch during the students' dissection practice at Fukuoka Dental College in 1988. The results are as follows; This case was found in a 92-year-old female cadaver (cause of death: cardiac dissufficiency), whose brachiocephalic trunk arose from the aortic arch forming a striking trunk with the left common carotid artery. The diameter of this trunk was 17.2 mm at its origin and the longitudinal length was 11.0 mm. This case corresponded to Typus B of Adachi's classification, while to Type C of De Garis's.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[A case of sigmoid carcinoma successfully treated with endoscopic topical infusion of OK-432 and UFT oral treatment].

A 78-year-old man had a tumor of Borrmann type II affecting about one third the circumference of sigmoid colon, which was diagnosed as well-differentiated adenocarcinoma from biopsy. Although surgical intervention was recommended and the radical operation seemed possible from preoperative examination, the patient first refused it. Of necessity, systemic administration (s.c) and single endoscopic topical infusion of OK-432 and oral treatment of UFT were performed for 1 month. Since the patient agreed to receive an operation later, sigmoidectomy and lymph node dissection (R 2) were performed, resulting in the disappearance of tumor cells histologically. One week before endoscopic infusion, oral UFT and subcutaneous OK-432 were initiated. Although no macroscopic change was found during the topical infusion as compared with the time of first examination, the bulging disappeared, showing a polypoid change and IIc-like findings after 3 weeks. The operation was performed after an additional week, after which a benign tumor was found macroscopically and the disappearance of tumor cells histologically. Although many reports have dealt with the effect of endoscopic treatment for gastric carcinoma, there have been fewer reports describing the endoscopic treatment performed in patients with colon carcinoma, making it difficult to evaluate its therapeutic effect. However, this endoscopic therapy was suggested to be capable of becoming a useful treatment for inoperable colon carcinoma from the present case, whereas chemotherapy was found to have almost no effect on colon carcinoma in general.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Analysis of activated lymphocytes and antigen-present macrophage in human brain tumors using double immunofluorescence staining].

Twenty-eight human brain tumors (18 gliomas and 10 metastatic brain tumors) were examined immunohistochemically using anti-Leu 1, -Leu 2 a, -Leu 3a + 3b, -LeuM 5, -HLA-DR, IL-2 receptor, -HLA-ABC and Ki-67 monoclonal antibodies (MoAb). Also, in the specimens, in which Leu 1+ cells and Leu M5+ cells infiltrate, simultaneous detection of Leu 2a, Leu 3a + 3b, or Leu M5 and HLA-DR, was performed by double immunofluorescence staining to analyze the T cell activation and antigen-present macrophage (M phi). Most of low-grade gliomas with low percentage of Ki-67+ cells showed only little lymphocyte and M phi's infiltration. THEre was a tendency toward a marked degree of T cell and M phi infiltration in malignant glioma with higher percentage of Ki-67+ cells. However, in metastatic brain tumors, M phi did not tend to infiltrate. IL-2 receptor+ cells was absent in the majority of brain tumors. Tumor cells and vascular endothelial cells also expressed HLA-DR antigens. The majority of tumor cells expressed HLA-A, B, C antigens. There were no correlation among the degree of T cell and M phi infiltration, MHC antigen expression, and percentage of Ki-67+ cells. Double immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that 42.4% of Leu 2a+ cells, 34.7% of Leu3a+ + 3b+ cells and 32.7% of M5+ cells are HLA-DR positive in glioma, and that 50.2% of Leu2a+ cells, 59.4% of Leu3a + 3b+ cells and 67.3% of LeuM5+ cells are HLA-DR positive in metastatic brain tumors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

[Atypical computed tomographic features of meningioma: a case report].

Diagnosis of intracranial meningiomas with computed tomography (CT) is usually easy. However, some authors have reported cases preoperatively misdiagnosed because of atypical computed tomographic features. We report a case of non-cystic meningioma presenting a ring enhanced mass lesion, with CT scan. A 48-year-old male was admitted to our hospital on January 5, 1987, because of progressive monoparesis of his left lower limb. This had continued for 1 1/2 years. Neurological examination revealed monoparesis, hypesthesia and decreased deep sensation of the left lower limb. X-ray films of the skull appeared normal. A CT scan demonstrated a ring-like high density mass attached to the falx in the right frontoparietal area with perifocal low density. The ring-like high density was irregularly increased with contrast enhancement. Right carotid angiograms showed a doughnut like tumor stain without meningeal blood supply. Brain scintigrams revealed a dense round hot lesion in the frontoparietal area at 5 minutes, and the hot lesion was still visualized after 90 minutes. We diagnosed a cystic parasagittal meningioma. A right frontoparietal craniotomy was performed, and total removal of the parasagittal tumor was made. The center of the tumor was very soft but it could not be said that it was not cystic. Histologically the tumor was a meningotheliomatous meningioma. The center of the tumor, which was very soft, was necrotic with arteriolar hyalinization. The meningioma cells survived around the patent vessels. These intact meningioma cells were scattered like islands in extensive necrosis. This is so called "oasis phenomenon" indicating that the necrosis of the tumor was caused by intratumoral ischemia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Carotid Arteries↗
PubMed1988

To-and-for extracorporeal lung assist (ECLA) through a single catheter-in premature goats as an experimental model of infant respiratory Insufficiency.

A new to-and-fro V-V bypass extracorporeal lung assist (ECLA) through a single catheter as a blood access was investigated for its efficacy on six premature goats delivered by Cesarean section at a gestational age of 118 approximately 139 days as an experimental model of infant respiratory insufficiency, then applied to a human premature infant suffering from life threatening barotrauma that had developed from mechanical pulmonary ventilation. The extracorporeal bypass flow and the gas flow to the artificial membrane lung were controlled to keep Pa(O)(2) above 40 mmHg and Pa(CO)(2) within normal limits. The neonate's own lungs were treated with a continuous positive airway pressure of 5 approximately 12 cmH(2)O, apneic oxygenation or IMV. Two goats weighing 1250 g and 700 g died 2 approximately 2.5 hours after birth from severe circulatory distress. However, the other four neonates which were heavier than 2000 g, were successfully weaned from ECLA, and three of these could be weaned from mechanical ventilation as well. A human infant also survived and was weaned from ECLA on the third day.(Tanoue T, Terasaki H, Sadanaga M et al.: To-and-fro extracorporeal lung assist (ECLA) through a single catheter-in premature goats as an experimental model of infant respiratory insufficiency.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1988

Acute respiratory failure induced by mechanical pulmonary ventilation at a peak inspiratory pressure of 40 cmH2O.

The effects of high pressure mechanical pulmonary ventilation at a peak inspiratory pressure of 40 cmH(2)O were studied on the lungs of healthy newborn pigs (14-21 days after birth). Forty percent oxygen in nitrogen was used for ventilation to prevent oxygen intoxication. The control group (6 pigs) was ventilated for 48 hours at a peak inspiratory pressure less than 18 cmH(2)O and a PEEP of 3-5 cmH(2)O with a normal tidal volume, and a respiratory rate of 20 times/min. The control group showed few deleterious changes in the lungs for 48 hours. Eleven newborn pigs were ventilated at a peak inspiratory pressure of 40 cmH(2)O with a PEEP of 3-5 cmH(2)O and a respiratory rate of 20 times/min. To avoid respiratory alkalosis, a dead space was placed in the respiratory circuit, and normocarbia was maintained by adjusting dead space volume. In all cases in the latter group, severe pulmonary impairments, such as abnormal chest roentgenograms, hypoxemia, decreased total static lung compliance, high incidence of pneumothorax, congestive atelectasis, and increased lung weight were found within 48 hours of ventilation. When the pulmonary impairments became manifest, 6 of the 11 newborn pigs were switched to the conventional medical and ventilatory therapies for 3-6 days. However, all of them became ventilator dependent, and severe lung pathology was found at autopsy. These pulmonary insults by high pressure mechanical pulmonary ventilation could be occurring not infrequently in the respiratory management of patients with respiratory failure.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1988

Severe acute respiratory failure managed with continuous positive airway pressure and partial extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal by an artificial membrane lung. A controlled, randomized animal study.

Using an animal model of acute respiratory failure (ARF), we evaluated two treatments: conventional mechanical pulmonary ventilation (MV) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) with extracorporeal removal of CO2 by an artificial membrane lung. We developed a model of "mild" ARF and a model of "severe" ARF after ventilating healthy sheep at a peak inspiratory pressure of 50 cm H2O for various lengths of time. Sheep from either injury models were randomly assigned to one of the above treatment groups. All 16 sheep from the model with "severe" ARF died, with progressive deterioration in pulmonary function and multiorgan failure irrespective of the treatment. Of 11 sheep from the model with "mild" ARF treated by MV, only three survived, whereas all 11 sheep from the model with "mild" ARF treated with CPAP and extracorporeal removal of CO2 responded well, and nine sheep ultimately recovered. We conclude that CPAP with extracorporeal removal of CO2 provided a better environment for the recovery in our model with "mild" ARF than the conventional arrangement centered on MV alone. Our studies also suggest that lung injury can progress (i.e., model with "severe" ARF) to where neither of the two treatments can succeed.

Acute Disease↗