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K Tsukada

Publications and source records attributed to K Tsukada.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Increased plasma endothelin-1 concentrations in E. coli septic peritonitis rats with diabetes mellitus.

To study the diabetic mellitus (DM) patient's reaction to sepsis, we investigated the survival rate, the bacteremia, plasma endotoxin and plasma endothelin-1 levels in E. coli septic peritonitis rats with or without streptozotocin-induced DM. No significant difference could be detected between the DM and nondiabetic rats in the survival rate, the bacteremia level or the plasma endotoxin level. The DM rat manifested a significant increase compared to the nondiabetic rat in the plasma endothelin-1 level four hours after the outbreak of peritonitis. Endothelin-1 may thus play some role in the E. coli septic peritonitis rat with DM.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Etiology of 19 infants with apparent life-threatening events: relationship between apnea and esophageal dysfunction.

There are various identifiable diseases or conditions that can cause apparent life-threatening events (ALTE; e.g. gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and seizures). Nineteen infants with ALTE (mean age: 4.3 months) were brought to our hospital between June 1986 and August 1991. The causes of these ALTE were investigated. Analysis of laboratory data, radiological studies and esophageal function tests led to the diagnosis of GER in six of 19 infants; pertussis in five; upper respiratory infection in three; vagotonia-like condition with esophageal dysfunction in two; laryngostenosis with cerebral palsy in two; choking on food or drink in two; and epilepsy in one infant. Two cases (one case of pertussis and one of vagotonia-like condition) were associated with GER. Some of the cases demonstrate that ALTE in infants may be induced by GER or some esophageal dysmotility. Further studies of ALTE are needed to ascertain how frequently GER or esophageal dysmotility is responsible for ALTE.

Apnea↗
PubMed1993

Correlations of peritoneal interleukin-6, serum beta-2 microglobulin and urinary beta-2 microglobulin after elective abdominal surgery.

Postoperative peritoneal interleukin-6 (P-IL-6), serum beta-2 microglobulin (SBMG) and urinary beta-2 microglobulin (UBMG) concentrations were examined in 33 patients who underwent various types of abdominal surgery. Similar time-dependent changes in SBMG and UBMG were observed in five other patients who underwent abdominal surgery. SBMG decreased the first day after the operation (1POD), then increased and reached the preoperative level by the third day after the operation (3POD). UBMG started to increase 1POD, reached the maximum 3POD, then decreased. The 1POD SBMG concentration was significantly correlated with P-IL-6, and 3POD UBMG was also significantly correlated with P-IL-6. These findings indicate that serum and urinary beta-2 microglobulin concentrations are closely correlated with P-IL-6.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Carcinoma of the gallbladder: CT evaluation of lymphatic spread.

PURPOSE: To clarify the computed tomographic (CT) characteristics of positive nodes and to assess the ability of CT to demonstrate lymphatic spread. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT findings of lymph nodes in 51 patients with histologically proved gallbladder carcinoma were correlated with pathologic findings retrospectively. RESULTS: Thirty-one of 51 patients (61%) had a total of 157 positive nodes, 60 (38%) of which were depicted at CT. A positive node was defined at CT as a soft-tissue mass with an anteroposterior dimension of at least 10 mm that showed ringlike or heterogeneous enhancement. These criteria had a positive predictive value of 75% for cystic nodes, 90% for pericholedochal nodes, 100% for posterosuperior pancreatoduodenal nodes, 100% for retroportal nodes, 88% for right celiac nodes, 100% for hepatic nodes, 100% for superior mesenteric nodes, and 83% for interaortocaval nodes. CONCLUSION: CT does not reliably demonstrate all regional nodes of gallbladder carcinoma, but the criteria of size and pattern of enhancement reliably indicate lymphatic spread, which has an important bearing on disease staging and treatment planning.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Concentrations of cytokines in peritoneal fluid after abdominal surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of concentrations of cytokines in peritoneal fluid in estimating the severity of the host's response to the stress of abdominal operations. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: University hospital, Japan. SUBJECT: 49 patients who underwent various abdominal operations. Main outcome measures--Correlations between concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in peritoneal fluid measured on the first postoperative day on the one hand, and peritoneal bacterial count, length of operation, and operative blood loss, on the other. RESULTS: The concentrations of all three peritoneal cytokines correlated significantly with length of operation; those of TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta also correlated significantly with peritoneal bacterial count, and that of IL-1 beta with operative blood loss. There were significant correlations between the concentrations of the three cytokines. CONCLUSION: These correlations suggest that monitoring of the peritoneal concentrations of TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-6 may be helpful in estimating the severity of stress caused by abdominal operations.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1993

Interferon-gamma inhibits liver regeneration by stimulating major histocompatibility complex class II antigen expression by regenerating liver.

The effects of interferon-gamma and interleukin-2 on liver regeneration after 70% hepatectomy in rats was studied immunohistologically, with special attention paid to major histocompatibility complex class II antigen expression. Liver regeneration 2 days after partial hepatectomy as assessed on the basis of bromodeoxyuridine labeling index revealed that regeneration was inhibited significantly in rats given a single dose of interleukin-2 or interferon-gamma compared with rats that underwent only partial hepatectomy. Simultaneous administration of interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma inhibited liver regeneration more markedly than administration of either drug. In rats subjected to partial hepatectomy, Kupffer cells around the portal vein expressed slightly more major histocompatibility complex class II antigen than did sham-operated controls. In the group given interferon-gamma, major histocompatibility complex class II antigen expression was markedly increased. Major histocompatibility complex class II antigen expression was greatest in most Kupffer cells of rats given both interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma. These results suggest that interferon-gamma activates (proliferating) Kupffer cells, in turn leading to suppression of liver regeneration. These major histocompatibility complex class II antigen-positive Kupffer cells act as antigen-presenting cells and present hepatocyte as antigen, the so-called abnormal self, to helper and cytotoxic T cells. Both types of T cells, in turn, may suppress hepatocyte proliferation. The various cytokines induced by the activated Kupffer cells and helper T cells seem to form a network with interferon-gamma to regulate liver regeneration.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Activation of extrathymic T cells in the liver during liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy.

Partial hepatectomy was performed in C57BL/6 mice to investigate whether extrathymic T cells in the liver are activated during liver regeneration. This study is based on the finding that in mice with malignant tumours, extrathymic T cells in the liver are activated and yet the intrathymic pathway is suppressed (i.e. thymic atrophy). Attention was therefore focused on whether a similar phenomenon is induced during benign cell regeneration. Extrathymic T cells were identified using the two-colour immunofluorescence test for CD3 and interleukin-2 receptor beta-chain (IL-2R beta) [or lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1)] antigens. They were estimated to be intermediate CD3+ [or T-cell receptor (TcR)] cells with high expressions of IL-2R beta and LFA-1. It was demonstrated that the proportion and number of intermediate CD3+ cells increased in the early phase (days 2-4 after partial hepatectomy), and that the thymus was inversely atrophic at the same time. This raised the possibility that extrathymic T cells may also be responsible for regulation of normal cell regeneration.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Mortality rate and bacteremia, endotoxin, and endothelin-1 levels in antibiotic therapy for E. coli septic peritonitis.

In order to study the mortality rate and bacteremia, plasma endotoxin, and plasma endothelin-1 levels in antibiotic therapy for E. coli peritonitis, blood samples were obtained from rats given intraperitoneal injections of latamoxef or placebo. Intraperitoneal injections of latamoxef improved the prognosis of peritonitis rats. Two h after treatment, bacteremia levels were noticeably higher in rats treated with placebo than in rats treated with latamoxef, but the latamoxef-treated group manifested a significant elevation of plasma endotoxin and endothelin-1 levels compared to the placebo-treated group. The results of this study demonstrate that treating E. coli septic peritonitis with selected antibiotics induces increased plasma endotoxin levels, which are associated with elevation of plasma endothelin-1 levels.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Molecular cloning and developmental expression of a human kidney S-adenosylmethionine synthetase.

cDNA clones encoding the human kidney S-adenosylmethionine synthetase (kidney-type isozyme) were isolated. The amino acid sequence deduced from the cDNA indicates that this enzyme contains 395 amino acids and has a molecular mass of 43,660 Da. The predicted amino acid sequence of this protein shares 84% similarity with that of human liver S-adenosylmethionine synthetase (liver-type isozyme). In addition, the developmental expression of these two isozyme mRNAs has been studied in the human liver using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Relationship between gallbladder carcinoma and the segmental type of adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder.

Specimens from 3197 consecutive and unselected cholecystectomies performed during a 6-year period were studied. Adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder was defined as a lesion characterized by a thickened wall that consisted of Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses surrounded by proliferated fibromuscular tissue. Adenomyomatosis was found in 279 specimens and classified as one of three types: segmental, fundal, or diffuse. Segmental adenomyomatosis was found in 188 specimens; gallbladder cancer (GBC) developed in 12 (6.4%) of the patients with segmental type adenomyomatosis. GBC developed in the mucosa of the fundal compartment distal to the annular stricture of the segmental type adenomyomatosis in all 12 of these patients. Conversely, GBC developed in 93 (3.1%) of the other 3009 patients (those with fundal alone, diffuse, or no adenomyomatosis). The prevalence of GBC in patients with segmental adenomyomatosis was significantly (P less than 0.025) higher than that of patients without segmental adenomyomatosis. Clinicians should be aware that segmental adenomyomatosis often coexists with GBC.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1992

DNA-activated protein kinase in Raji Burkitt's lymphoma cells. Phosphorylation of c-Myc oncoprotein.

Autophosphorylation of a DNA-activated protein kinase (DNA-PK) in Raji Burkitt's lymphoma cells generated a band that corresponded to a phosphoprotein of about 300 kDa on SDS/PAGE. This band corresponds to a 300-350-kDa DNA-PK found previously in HeLa cells. In addition to the 300-kDa phosphoprotein, the band of a highly phosphorylated 58-kDa protein was detected by SDS/PAGE of partially purified DNA-PK preparations after the phosphorylation reaction in the presence of double-stranded DNA. This phosphoprotein was specifically immunoprecipitated by phosphoprotein nor detectable activities of other kinases, phosphorylated recombinant c-Myc proteins in the presence of DNA. The c-Myc phosphorylation by DNA-PK was markedly stimulated by relaxed, double-stranded DNA, but neither by single-stranded DNA nor by RNA. Phosphopeptide mapping and phosphoamino acid analysis indicated that DNA-PK phosphorylates c-Myc in vitro at several serine residues.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Identification of the regional lymphatic system of the gallbladder by vital staining.

In 21 patients with biliary tract cancer dye was injected into the lymphatic system of the gallbladder to determine the extent of its regional lymph nodes. A volume of 0.1-0.3 ml 1 per cent indigo carmine solution was injected directly into lymphatic vessels of the gallbladder in eight patients and into lymph nodes (cystic node or pericholedochal nodes) in 13 patients during radical surgery for biliary tract cancer. The lymphatic system was visualized in a total of 14 patients. The dye descended around the bile duct, flowed into the cystic node, the pericholedochal nodes and the lymph nodes posterior to the head and neck of the pancreas, and finally reached the interaortocaval nodes adjacent to the left renal vein. The stained lymphatic tissue was regarded as the regional lymphatic system of the gallbladder. These nodes should be completely resected during radical surgery for gallbladder cancer.

Bile Duct Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

Noncytotoxic drug therapy for intra-abdominal desmoid tumor in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis.

Forty of 416 patients with familial adenomatous polyposis were noted to have intra-abdominal desmoid tumors, and a subgroup of 16 were treated with noncytotoxic drug therapy. Drugs used were sulindac (14 patients), sulindac plus tamoxifen (3 patients), indomethacin (4 patients), tamoxifen (4 patients), progesterone (DEPO-PROVERA; Upjohn Co., Kalamazoo, MI) (2 patients), and testolactone (1 patient). Therapy with these drugs for continuous periods of six months or more resulted in three complete and seven partial remissions. When treated patients were compared with untreated patients (n = 12), there were significant benefits for the treated group, both in reduction of desmoid size and in improvement of symptoms, despite the inherent selection bias against this. Sulindac was the only drug used in enough patients to permit independent evaluation of its effect, with one complete and seven partial reductions of tumor size. Some patients had a delayed response to sulindac, with tumor shrinkage occurring after an initial period of tumor enlargement. When using sulindac for the treatment of desmoid tumors, this phenomenon should be considered.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

Prostaglandin E1 enhances hepatic portal venous flow by dilating the portal vascular bed in 70% hepatectomized dog.

The effects of portal, hepatic arterial and femoral venous administration of prostaglandin E1 (PGE) on portal venous flow (PVF) and hepatic arterial flow HAF were examined before and after 70% hepatectomy in anesthetized dogs. In the hepatectomized condition, portal venous administration of PGE (0.5 microgram/kg/min) caused an increase in PVF without any change in systemic arterial pressure (SAP). HAF was unchanged following the injection. The portal effect of PGE on PVF was dose-dependent, and a reduction in portal venous resistance was seen. However, the same dose of PGE failed to change PVF under intact liver conditions. Hepatic arterial administration of PGE (0.5 microgram/kg/min) brought no significant change in PVF or HAF, with or without hepatectomy. Femoral venous administration of PGE (0.5 micrograms/kg/min) produced an increase in PVF concomitant with a significant decrease in SAP. HAF showed no change after the injection. A decrease in PVR was seen only in the hepatectomized condition. It is concluded that PGE is potent in increasing PVF in the hepatectomized condition, and the portal vasculature is involved as the site of action.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1992

Inapparent carcinoma of the gallbladder. An appraisal of a radical second operation after simple cholecystectomy.

This study was designed to investigate issues concerning "inapparent carcinoma" of the gallbladder and the effectiveness of a radical second operation in the treatment of inapparent carcinoma. Ninety-eight patients with inapparent carcinoma were analyzed according to the "pT" category of TNM (tumor, nodes, and metastases) classification. Eighty patients underwent cholecystectomy alone, and 14 patients had a subsequent radical operation. After cholecystectomy alone it was found that (1) Patients with pT1 cancer had a 5-year survival rate (5ysr) of 100%; (2) In patients with pT2, 5ysr was 40%; and (3) Patients with pT3 showed 5ysr of 0%. Results of a radical second operation showed that (1) Patients with pT2 cancer showed a 5ysr of 90%, significantly better (p less than 0.05) than pT2 treated with cholecystectomy alone; (2) There was a prolongation of survival in patients with pT3 or pT4. It was concluded that a radical second operation should be carried out for pT2 or more advanced inapparent carcinoma, whereas follow-up without a second operation is recommended for pT1 cancer without positive margin.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Radical surgery for gallbladder carcinoma. Long-term results.

The authors' objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of radical surgery with lymph node dissection for gallbladder carcinoma. Long-term results were analyzed in 40 patients in a 5-year study. The authors divided the 40 cases into two groups: 20 without positive nodes and 20 with positive nodes. In the group without positive nodes, one patient who underwent R1 resection died of a recurrence at 1 year 7 months. Seventeen of the 19 patients treated with R0 resection survived more than 5 years. The 5-year survival rate was 85% (17/20). In the group with positive nodes, 9 of the 13 patients treated with R0 resection survived more than 5 years, whereas the seven patients treated with R1 or R2 resection died within 5 years. The 5-year survival rate was 45% (9/20). Patients treated by R0 resection showed a 5-year survival rate of 69% (9/13). Thus we documented the favorable long-term results of radical surgery. R0 resection is a prerequisite for long-term survival. The results justify radical surgery with lymph node dissection.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Successful treatment of primary gastric non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

A case of primary gastric lymphoma is reported. The lymphoma was of the diffusely infiltrating type extending from the supraangular region to the prepyloric region of the stomach. The patient refused gastrectomy, therefore combined treatment with BACOP chemotherapy and radiotherapy was carried out. Complete remission was achieved without any major complications. The patient has remained free from relapse for over 20 months.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗