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Biomedical subjects

K Tsuchiya

Publications and source records attributed to K Tsuchiya.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Relevance of in vitro antibacterial activities and pharmacokinetic properties of antipseudomonal beta-lactam antibiotics to their therapeutic effects on urinary tract infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa P 9 in mice.

The therapeutic effects of seven antipseudomonal beta-lactam antibiotics on experimental urinary tract infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa P 9 in mice were compared, and the results were analyzed in relation to their in vitro antibacterial activities and pharmacokinetic properties. The CD50 values were (mg/kg): cefsulodin, 6.19; cefoperazone, 162; sulbenicillin, 167; ticarcillin, 184; azlocillin, 121; mezlocillin, 390; and piperacillin, 227. Cefsulodin was more active than the other antibiotics not only in therapeutic effects but also in in vitro antibacterial effects evaluated according to growth inhibitory, bactericidal, and bacteriolytic activities. It also penetrated and persisted well in the kidney of mice. The therapeutic effects of cefoperazone, azlocillin, and piperacillin were much less than expected from their in vitro antibacterial activities; the CD50 values were more than 18-fold as large as that of cefsulodin, whereas the differences of their MIC values were less than four-fold.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Contributions and limitations of epidemiological knowledge in occupational health.

Although epidemiological principles and methods in occupational medicine have been used for many years, it is only recently that the term "occupational epidemiology" has begun to appear in the field of occupational health. In fact, this is only the 3rd meeting of "occupational epidemiology" of a scientific subcommittee of PCIAOH. Thus, the importance of epidemiology in occupational health has been recognized among not only scientists but other members of the field and by the general public. This is indeed a desirable trend and will promote the practice of occupational health. However, epidemiology is not "almighty", not an absolute science. The misuse of epidemiological results can provide wrong information and may even cause grave confusion and misunderstanding in the protection of the health of workers and relevant legislative action. The use of epidemiology can be broadly categorized as follows: Search for a cause of occupational disease--Cause and-effect relationship of an event among workers: Occupational cancer and other diseases; Industrial injuries; Absenteeism; Detection of subclinical and psychological conditions due to job; and Occupational fatigue. Dose-effect, dose-response relationship of toxic chemicals. Practical application of epidemiological results: Establishment of criteria for the maintenance of health; Industrial hygiene; and Policy making for prevention and compensation--regulation and legislation. There are many problems, issues and conflicts in the uses of occupational epidemiology. These will be discussed in the text.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1983

Immunocytochemical localization of cathepsin B in degenerating rat skeletal muscle induced by a local anesthetic, bupivacaine.

Experimental acute degenerative changes in skeletal muscle accompanied by a drastic increase in cathepsins B&L were induced in rats by intramuscular injection of a local anesthetic, bupivacaine. Cathepsins B&L have been implicated in the rapid disappearance of muscle fibers. Degenerating muscle showed a spotty fluorescence when stained with antibodies against cathepsin B, indicating that the increased cathepsin B did not originate from the muscle itself, but from invading phagocytes. We report here results showing that cathepsin B of nonmuscle cell origin is involved in the breakdown of myofibrillar proteins in acute bupivacaine-induced muscle degeneration.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Role of type 1 fimbriae in the pathogenesis of ascending urinary tract infection induced by escherichia coli in mice.

Escherichia coli mutants defective in the ability to agglutinate guinea pig erythrocytes (HA-) were isolated from a nalidixic acid-resistant derivative, 31-B, of E. coli TN 675 that produces type 1 fimbriae and induces urinary tract infection in mice fed a 5% glucose solution. All nine HA- mutants were defective not only in their ability to agglutinate Candida albicans cells and erythrocytes from various species, but also in their capacity to adhere to mouse bladder epithelial cells. None of the mutants were agglutinated by anti-type 1 fimbriae antiserum. Although most of the mutants were fimbriated when examined by electron microscopy, their fimbriae differed serologically from type 1 fimbriae. All of the mutants showed 100 to 1,000 times lower bacterial recovery from the bladder walls of mice 3 h after inoculation into the bladder and lacked urinary tract infectivity in mice. These results suggest that all of the HA- mutants are defective in type 1 fimbriae production and that type 1 fimbriae facilitate the development of urinary tract infection in mice, probably by mediating bacterial adherence to the bladder epithelial cells.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1983

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the heart.

A case of cardiac sarcoma was reported. The tumor, which arose from the posterior wall of the left atrium, was demonstrated by echocardiography, contrast-enhanced computed tomography and direct observation during surgery. The tumor was successfully excised under emergency operation and was diagnosed as malignant fibrous histiocytoma after histologic examination. The patient had been free of symptoms for several months, but died of rapidly progressive congestive heart failure 6 months after surgery.

Echocardiography↗