Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Tsuchiya

Publications and source records attributed to K Tsuchiya.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Differentiation of restriction sites in ribosomal DNA in the genus Apodemus.

Southern blot analysis of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) from seven species of Apodemus was carried out in order to examine the genetic relationships between the species. Analysis of heterogeneity in rDNA spacers in A. sylvaticus, A. flavicollis, A. semotus, A. agrarius, A. argenteus, A. speciosus, and A. peninsulae, using 13 different restriction enzymes and cloned mouse rDNA probes, revealed that the families of rDNA in these species can be characterized by restriction maps which show the major constituents of rDNA repeating units (repetypes). Based on differences in the arrangement of restriction sites, sequence divergence among the different major repetypes was estimated. Among the seven species of Apodemus examined, the major repetypes of A. flavicollis and A. sylvaticus were the most closely related, having only 1.0% sequence divergence. These repetypes and those of the remaining five species differ substantially from one another, with 4.3-8.5% divergence.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Neuropathological study of the amygdala in presenile Alzheimer's disease.

We studied neuropathological changes of the amygdala in 10 cases of presenile Alzheimer's disease. According to the anatomical classification of the amygdala, we subdivided the corticomedial group into 3 parts, and the basolateral group into 8 parts. We investigated qualitatively neuronal loss, and quantitatively the numbers of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and senile plaques (SPs) in 11 parts. The degree of atrophy of the amygdala was also checked in relation to the clinical stages of the disease. Neuronal loss was more prominent in the later clinical stages. It was more intense in the corticomedial group than in the basolateral group. The density of NFTs tended also to be greater in the corticomedial group than in the basolateral group, although it did not always increase in parallel with the progress of dementia. The density of SPs was greater in the basolateral group than in the corticomedial group, and tended to increase in parallel with the progress of the disease. Atrophy of the amygdala was generally more prominent in the more advanced clinical stage. The distribution pattern of neuronal loss was similar to that of NFTs in the amygdala, whereas the distribution pattern of SPs was quite different.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed1990

Effects of endothelin on renal hemodynamics and excretory functions in anesthetized dogs.

The effects of endothelin on renal hemodynamics and excretory functions were investigated in anesthetized dogs. Infusion of endothelin at a rate of 1 ng/kg.min resulted in a slight but significant decrease in renal blood flow and an increase in renal vascular resistance and filtration fraction. Endothelin at doses higher than 10 ng/kg.min significantly decreased cardiac output, glomerular filtration rate, urine volume, and urinary sodium and potassium excretion, whereas it increased systemic vascular resistance. Mean arterial pressure and heart rate showed a transient decrease and increase, respectively, at doses higher than 50 ng/kg.min. Plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentrations were increased only at the dose of 100 ng/kg.min. These effects lasted for more than 60 min. These results suggest that endothelin may have an important role in the modulation of renal functions as well as in the modulation of systemic hemodynamics.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1990

Renal and hemodynamic effects of endothelin in anesthetized dogs.

The effects of endothelin on systemic hemodynamics and renal functions were investigated in anesthetized dogs. Infusion of endothelin at a dose of 1 ng/kg/min decreased renal blood flow and increased renal vascular resistance and filtration fraction. Endothelin at doses higher than 10 ng/kg/min significantly decreased cardiac output, glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow, urine volume, and urinary sodium excretion. Mean arterial pressure showed a transient decrease at doses higher than 50 ng/kg/min. These results showed that endothelin in systemic administration has effects on renal functions as well as on systemic hemodynamics.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1990

Application of mathematical model to experimental chemotherapy of fatal murine pneumonia.

Two beta-lactam antibiotics, cefazolin and cefmenoxime, were administered in an experimental model of murine pneumonia caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae in a way which enabled us to approximate the serum antibiotic concentration time course in humans. Bacterial counts during the experiments were subjected to nonlinear least-squares analyses by using a mathematical model that explained the bacterial killing by the antibiotic concentration time course and other factors associated with antimicrobial potency and bacterial growth. Cefazolin gave a killing curve that changed synchronously with the drug levels in serum; in contrast, cefmenoxime gave a curve that was prolonged as compared with the change in the drug levels in serum. Multiple correlation coefficients were about 0.9, and the model worked well for bacterial count data. Parameters relating to antimicrobial potency of the drugs, bacterial growth rate, and drug distribution into the tissue were estimated numerically.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effect of azosemide on the in vitro perfused thick ascending limb of Henle's loop from the mouse.

Direct effect of azosemide on the mouse thick ascending limb of Henle's loop was examined by the isolated tubules perfusion technique, and the effect was compared with that of furosemide. Azosemide added to the tubular lumen reversibly suppressed the lumen positive potential (PDt) and decreased the net chloride reabsorption. Dose-response studies of these two drugs suggested that azosemide was about 5 times as potent as furosemide. The more potent effect of azosemide compared with furosemide was confirmed by a paired study in the same tubules. At a concentration of 10(-5) mol/l azosemide suppressed PDt by 91.4%, furosemide by 65.6%.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Acetabular cover in congenital dislocation of the hip.

The exact measurement of femoral head cover is essential for an assessment of reduction of congenital dislocation of the hip. We have compared standard anteroposterior radiographs with computerised tomograms and thereby classified the shape of the acetabular roof into four types. We found that the CE angle of Wiberg is a more reliable measure of head cover when the lateral point of bony condensation of the roof is chosen as the reference point rather than the edge of the bone, where these two points do not overlap. We conclude that head cover can be more accurately determined in younger children with dysplastic hips by our 'refined' CE angle, than by the original method of Wiberg.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1990

Insulin-like effect of vanadyl ion on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Recent studies have indicated that the blood glucose level of rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes (type 1) is normalized without an increase in the plasma insulin level by administration of sodium orthovanadate in the drinking water. The mechanism of this insulin-like effect of vanadate is unknown. In this study, we investigated whether vanadyl ion, which is less toxic than vanadate to rats, also has an insulin-like effect in rats with STZ-induced diabetes. When rats with STZ-induced diabetes were given a daily i.p. injection of vanadyl sulphate (9.3 and 4.6 mg vanadium/kg body weight), their blood glucose level decreased from about 22.2 to about 7.2 mmol glucose/l within 2 days and remained low for at least 12 weeks. This treatment did not affect their low plasma insulin level. Quantitative electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometry showed that most of the vanadium (about 90%) in their tissues was present as a vanadyl form (VO2+). ESR analysis also showed that the vanadyl ion in tissues was bound endogenously with four oxygen ligands from either water or oxyamino acid residues in proteins. Vanadyl sulphate accelerated glucose incorporation into adipocytes of rats, suggesting that the action of vanadyl ion is peripheral. Interestingly, vanadyl sulphate at a high concentration (about 10 mmol/l) was more effective than insulin in enhancing glucose uptake. This study demonstrated that: (1) vanadyl sulphate (+4 oxidation state), like vanadate ion, normalizes the blood glucose levels of rats with STZ-induced diabetes; (2) the action of vanadyl ion is peripheral; and (3) the active form of vanadium for an insulin-like effect may be a vanadyl form, not vanadate.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1990

[The analysis of prognostic factors for prostate cancer by multivariate analysis].

Multivariable analysis (quantification method I and II) was used to investigate the relationship between survival rates and prognostic factors. The items studied were age, stage, pathological differentiation, gait disturbance, acid phosphatase and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). The data were available for 353 patients for all items. The significance of each item was evaluated in all patients-group, subgroup stratified by their cause of death, and subgroup stratified by their stage. The significance of age and gait disturbance which represent the general condition was proven in all patients, non-cancer death group and stage ABC group. In the cancer death group, stage D group was the most significant as prognostic factor. ESR was the most significant in the stage D group and the significance was gradually increased with the observation time.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment of ureteral calculi by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy].

We reviewed 465 cases of ureteral calculi treated at Jömö Urological Hospital using a Dornier HM3 lithotripter during the period from October 1985 to February 1989. The 336 men and 122 women ranged from 11 to 78 years old with a mean age of 42.2. The stone size ranged from 4 mm to 30 mm with a mean length of 10.6 mm. Complete stone elimination by ESWL was achieved in 431 of the 465 cases (92.7%). The success rate was best for stones in the lower ureter, which was 98.1 per cent (53/54). For upper and mid ureteral calculi it was 92.4 per cent (363/393) and 83.3 per cent (15/18), respectively. ESWL after push up made 100 per cent (30/30) of patients completely free of stones, while ESWL after bypass 93.0 percent (106/114) and ESWL in situ 91.9 per cent (295/321). The rate of residual stone increases in proportion to the age of patients. Minor side effects such as fever and pain were observed. Our results suggest that ESWL currently is the first therapeutic option for the majority of ureteral calculi.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Prevalence of spotted fever group rickettsia antibody in Apodemus speciosus captured in an endemic focus in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan.

Fourteen of Apodemus speciosus (large Japanese field mouse) were captured near the place where one of the patients with spotted fever group rickettsiosis had been infected, in Takaoka town, Miyazaki Prefecture. In the town, four human cases were reported. All of the mice had antibodies against Rickettsia japonica and R. montana. The incidence of the antibody was significantly higher in Apodemus mice in the area than in those from nonendemic area.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Prosthetic valve implantation without removal of tricuspid apparatus for an old case of corrected transposition of the great arteries].

Prosthetic valve implantation was performed for the systemic atrioventricular regurgitation in an old patient with corrected transposition of great arteries. SJM27M prosthesis was implanted without removing posterior and septal leaflet, chordae and papillary muscles with respect to preserve the function of the morphological right ventricle. It is important to preserve the function of the morphological right ventricle because it must continuously play a role of systemic ventricle even after surgical procedure.

Heart Valve Prosthesis↗
PubMed1990

[A successful surgical case of aortic arch aneurysm associated with aortic regurgitation].

A 57-year-old male patient with aortic regurgitation and aneurysm of the ascending aorta and the aortic arch underwent aortic valve replacement and graft replacement from the ascending aorta to the aortic arch. The operation was done using cardio-pulmonary bypass and selective cerebral perfusion with deep hypothermia. Postoperative DSA revealed no dilatation of the sinus Valsalva and a good configuration of the anastomosis. It seems that selective cerebral perfusion with deep hypothermia is a safe method to prevent cerebral damage in a case of arch aneurysm.

Aorta↗
PubMed1990

[MRI findings in a patient with multiple sclerosis and "hyperkinésies voltionnelles" as a main symptom].

A 23-year-old female was admitted to our hospital complaining of tremor in the upper extremities and gait disturbance. Beginning at age 18, this patient experienced tingling of the right fingers, gait disturbance, dysesthesia of both hands, and tremor in the upper extremities. These symptoms disappeared several weeks after each onset. At age 21, gait disturbance and coarse tremor in the upper extremities developed. They were exaggerated and occurred repeatedly. On neurological examination, the right optic disc was slightly pale. She had nystagmus in all directions with ocular movements. Deep tendon reflexes were hypoactive throughout. There was no tremor in the upper extremities at rest, but during the voluntary movements especially in maintaining certain posture coarse tremor developed. When performing goal-directed motion, such as finger-nose test, the tremor became worse near the terminal position. The patient's gait was broad-based, with the trunk trembling. There were no sensory disturbances, dysarthria, or bowel or bladder dysfunction. Laboratory studies were normal except for high IgG% in the cerebrospinal fluid. An electromyogram using surface electrodes recorded rhythmic bursts of about 4c/s, alternating between the extensor and the flexor muscles of the right arm. MRI of T2-weighted images showed many high-intensity areas located around the bilateral ventricles and near the area of the decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle. A diagnosis of multiple sclerosis was made in this case based on the patient's history of illness and MRI findings. The tremor in her right upper extremity was too intense and coarse to be described as tremor, and should better be called "hyperkinésies volitionnelles (HV)".(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Complete amino acid sequence of an immunomodulatory protein, ling zhi-8 (LZ-8). An immunomodulator from a fungus, Ganoderma lucidium, having similarity to immunoglobulin variable regions.

The complete amino acid sequence of a novel immunomodulatory protein, ling zhi-8 (LZ-8), isolated from a fungus, Ganoderma lucidium (Kino, K., Yamashita, A., Yamaoka, K., Watanabe, J., Tanaka, S., Ko, K., Shimizu, K., and Tsunoo, H. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 472-478), was determined by protein sequencing. The polypeptide consists of 110 amino acid residues with an acetylated amino end and has a molecular mass of 12,420 Da including an amino-end blocking group. There is no attachment site for an Asn-linked oligosaccharide chain, consistent with the very low carbohydrate content of LZ-8. These results indicate that the native form of LZ-8 with a molecular mass of 24 kDa is a homodimer of the LZ-8 polypeptide whose sequence is described here. Furthermore, the LZ-8 chain shows considerable similarity to the variable region of immunoglobulin heavy chain both in its sequence and in its predicted secondary structure. The interesting possibility that LZ-8 is related to an ancestral protein of the immunoglobulin superfamily is also discussed.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1989

Effects of endothelin on renal regional blood flow in dogs.

The effects of intrarenal infusion of endothelin on renal blood flow were investigated in anesthetized dogs. Endothelin produced a biphasic change in the renal blood flow (RBF): an initial, transient increase followed by a marked, long-lasting decrease. The changes in the RBF were parallel to those in the renal cortical blood flow, whereas the changes in the medullary blood flow were less prominent. These results suggest that endothelin affects RBF, preferentially in the renal cortex.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1989

Radioimmunoassay for endothelin and immunoreactive endothelin in culture medium of bovine endothelial cells.

Using a synthetic 21-residue endothelin as antigen, we have produced an antiserum for endothelin and developed a specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay (RIA) for endothelin. The minimum detection limit of the RIA was 1 pg/tube. Immunoreactive (ir-) endothelin was extracted from the culture medium by Bondelute C8 column. The ir-endothelin in the culture medium of endothelial cells (EC) from bovine pulmonary artery and carotid artery was 1.48 ng/ml and 3.31 ng/ml, respectively. Reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography coupled with the RIA revealed that ir-endothelin in the culture medium comprised one major component corresponding to synthetic endothelin. In addition, the cultured EC of bovine pulmonary artery were specifically stained by immunohistochemical technique. These results suggest that endothelin could be produced in the EC of the pulmonary and carotid arteries besides the aorta. The RIA presented in this study could be an useful tool to investigate the pathophysiologic significance of endothelin.

Animals↗