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Biomedical subjects

K Torizuka

Publications and source records attributed to K Torizuka.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Stomach and duodenum: radiographic magnification using computed radiography (CR).

We performed direct radiographic magnification (X3) using a 0.1-mm microfocal tube and computed radiography (CR) in air-barium double-contrast studies of the stomach and duodenum. To eliminate blurring of the image due to motion, we used the maximum kilovolt peak rate possible (102 kVp), the maximum milliampere second rate possible (64 mAs), the shortest possible exposure time (0.1 second), and a horizontal x-ray beam. With the patients in the supine position, CR provided the wide image reproduction range required to obtain satisfactory radiographs. Image processing in the CR system produced radiographs with increased radiographic contrast and enhanced edge definition of anatomic borders or pathologic processes. The duodenal villi were clearly visible in 45% of the cases.

Computers↗
PubMed1986

Uterine cervical cancer: assessment with high-field MR imaging.

Nineteen patients with histologically proved cervical carcinoma were evaluated with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Clinical, MR, and surgical findings were compared to determine accuracy and clinical usefulness of MR in demonstrating mass and extent of disease. MR imaging enabled clear differentiation of corpus uteri, cervix, vagina, uterine ligaments, and tumor. Tumor was demonstrated as a high-intensity mass deforming the low-intensity cervix; the low background intensity of normal structures provided high contrast to the mass. MR imaging accurately demonstrated the tumor in all ten patients with locally advanced cervical carcinoma and showed a normal cervix in nine patients with early cancer. On sagittal images, the shape of corpus uteri, cervix, and vagina, and their relationship to the mass were clearly assessed, with their long axes usually in a single plane. On axial images, assessment of parametrial tumor extension was facilitated by clear definition of the low-intensity cervix and uterine ligaments. Although more study is needed to determine the accuracy of MR in staging, MR is a promising method in evaluating cervical carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Centrilobular lesions of the lung: demonstration by high-resolution CT and pathologic correlation.

To determine the value of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in the diagnosis of diffuse pulmonary diseases, a direct HRCT-pathologic correlative study was performed using four inflated and fixed lungs from autopsy. In normal lungs, the smallest pulmonary artery resolved by HRCT was 200 microns in diameter; the artery was accompanied by the terminal bronchiole and the first-order respiratory bronchiole. The distance from the vessel to the corresponding lobular border ranged from 3 to 5 mm. These results suggest that the centrilobular area or the area around the terminal or respiratory bronchioles can be recognized with HRCT. In addition, the authors confirmed that centrilobular emphysema and centrilobular tuberculous nodules can be diagnosed with HRCT. Thus, HRCT can demonstrate the location of pathologic changes within a lobule and may be helpful in the differential diagnosis of diffuse pulmonary diseases.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Quantification of thallium-201 myocardial uptake using serial dynamic imaging at rest and during exercise.

The thallium-201 myocardial uptake ratio was measured using serial dynamic imaging of the initial uptake phase following an intravenous bolus injection. It revealed no significant difference at rest between non-coronary heart disease and coronary artery disease, while it was greater in cases with left ventricular hypertrophy. With exercise loading, this value significantly increased in non-coronary heart disease, whereas less increase was observed in coronary artery disease. This increasing capability was lower in multivessel disease compared with single-vessel disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A sensitive and practical assay for thyroid-stimulating antibodies using crude immunoglobulin fractions precipitated with polyethylene glycol.

A simple, sensitive, and practical assay for thyroid-stimulating autoantibodies (TSAb) was developed in which cryopreserved porcine thyroid cells were incubated with crude immunoglobulin fractions sedimented from serum with polyethylene glycol. In the assay, 1.4- to 2.0-fold and 6- to 12-fold increases in cAMP released into Hank's medium without NaCl were found at 1 and 10 microU/ml bovine TSH, respectively. TSAb were detected in 41 (97.6%) of 42 patients with untreated hyperthyroid Graves' disease, 29 (55.8%) of 52 patients with hyperthyroid Graves' disease who were euthyroid while taking antithyroid drugs, 22 (78.6%) of 28 patients with euthyroid Graves' disease, and none of the patients with simple goiter, adenomatous goiter, thyroid adenoma, or thyroid cancer tested. TSAb activities measured using porcine thyroid cells significantly correlated with those measured using human thyroid adenoma cells (r = 0.908; n = 46; P less than 0.001). Thyroid-stimulating activity was also detected in 11 (28.9%) of 38 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. However, the activity was considered to be due to TSH in the patients' sera, because it was completely abolished by pretreatment with anti-TSH antibodies. Serum TSH concentrations lower than 50 microU/ml did not affect the assay result. In Graves' disease after cessation of antithyroid drugs, 85.7% (12 of 14) of TSAb-positive patients relapsed, while 77.8% (14 of 18) of TSAb-negative patients remained in remission. Thus, the assessment of TSAb was useful as an index to predict prognosis.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1986

Binding of immunoglobulin G from patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases to solubilized guinea pig fat cell membranes crosslinked with 125I-TSH.

Binding of immunoglobulin G (IgG) to Triton-solubilized fat cell membranes crosslinked with 125I-TSH was studied by an indirect immunoprecipitation method. Guinea pig fat cell membranes (FCM) containing TSH receptors with an association constant of 1.92 X 10(9) M-1 were first reacted with 125I-TSH, then treated with a crosslinker, dissuccinimidyl suberate. The dissociation of 125I-TSH from the crosslinked 125I-TSH-FCM complexes due to the addition of 100 mU/ml unlabeled TSH was 9.0%, while it was 33% without the treatment. To the Triton-solubilized FCM crosslinked with 125I-TSH, 50 micrograms each of IgG from 20 normal controls, 20 patients with Graves' disease and 20 with Hashimoto's disease was added and precipitation was effected by adding anti-human IgG. In patients with Graves' disease, 125I-TSH-FCM complexes immunoprecipitated ranged from 1.10 to 4.18% with an average of 2.4 +/- 0.99 (S. D.) % which was significantly higher than those in normal controls (1.6 +/- 0.29%). The values in the patients with Hashimoto's disease averaged 1.7 +/- 0.53 (S. D.) which did not differ significantly from those of controls. The value did not correlate with either TSH-binding inhibiting activities or titers of anti-microsomal antibodies. These data suggest the presence of TSH-receptor antibodies which react with antigens other than TSH-binding sites in the patients with Graves' disease.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1986

Clinical evaluation of radiotherapy for Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Seventeen patients with moderately severe ophthalmopathy due to Graves' disease were treated by cobalt or supervoltage radiotherapy. All patients complained of diplopia. The mean proptosis value was 21.4 mm. Three patients (18%) showed good response, 7 (41%) moderate and 7 minimal or no response. Improvement was noted mainly in soft tissue changes and diplopia, while proptosis decreased in only 5 patients. All except one patient who had marked extraocular muscle involvement revealed by computed tomography responded to treatment. These data indicate that radiotherapy may be indicated in patients with progressive ophthalmopathy, especially in those who are associated with extraocular muscle enlargement.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Paired determination of thyroid-stimulating and TSH-binding inhibitory activities in patients with Graves' disease during antithyroid drug treatment.

Sequential changes in thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb) and TSH-binding inhibitor immunoglobulins (TBII) during antithyroid drug treatment were studied in 17 patients with Graves' disease. Before treatment, TSAb and TBII were detected in 17 (100%) and 13 (76.5%) patients, respectively, with a significant correlation between the two activities (r = 0.600, n = 17, P less than 0.02). In 9 patients who became euthyroid as early as after 1-4 months of treatment, the TSAb and TBII activities both gradually decreased, and there was a good correlation between the changes of these activities during treatment. Among the 7 patients in whom small changes in TSAb and TBII activities were observed, 4 showed poor control of the thyrotoxicosis during the whole observation period (7 months-2 years). One patient who showed a marked dissociation between the changes in TSAb and TBII activities developed hypothyroidism, when his TBII became remarkably high. These potent TBII inhibited cAMP production induced by bTSH. These findings indicate that 1) changes in TSAb and TBII activities reflect the clinical course of hyperthyroidism in most patients with Graves' disease, and 2) development of a blocking-type of TBII may induce hypothyroidism in some patients after the treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Analysis of serum CA125, CEA, AFP, LDH levels and LDH isoenzymes in patients with ovarian tumors--correlation between tumor markers and histological types of ovarian tumors].

Serum CA125, CEA, AFP, LDH levels and LDH isoenzymes were analyzed in ovarian tumor patients, who were treated at Kyoto University Hospital. CA125 was positive in 10/16 (62.5%) cases of common epithelial carcinoma, especially 100% positive in serous carcinoma, but was negative in mucinous tumors. CA125 was also negative in patients with germ cell and sex cord stromal tumors. CEA was positive in 13/32 (40.6%) cases of epithelial carcinoma, most frequently elevated in patients with mucinous carcinoma, pseudomyxoma peritonei, and Krukenberg tumor. AFP was positive only in those with endodermal sinus tumors. LDH was elevated in 16/39 (41%) cases of epithelial carcinoma, but was not specific for histological types. In contrast, all 8 cases of dysgerminoma, 1 of immature teratoma and 2 of endodermal sinus tumor showed extremely elevated LDH levels. Moreover, the normal pattern or deviation to H subunit of LDH isoenzymes was seen in such cases of germ cell tumor, while deviation to M subunit was noted in epithelial and metastatic tumor patients. These data indicate that each parameter is useful as a tumor marker for the specific histological type of ovarian tumor; CA125 for non-mucinous epithelial carcinoma, CEA for mucinous tumor and Krukenberg tumor, AFP for yolk sac tumor, LDH and LDH isoenzymes for dysgerminoma and other solid germ cell tumors. In addition, preoperative diagnosis of histological types of ovarian tumors may be possible by combining these tumor markers.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

[Prognostic characteristics of gallium-positive accumulation in the kidney with renal cell carcinoma by the tomographic whole-body Ga-67-citrate scan].

A frontal tomographic whole-body Ga-67-citrate scan was performed on 67 patients with renal cell carcinoma to clarify the characteristics of gallium uptake by the kidney in relation to the tumor stage and grade, clinical laboratory data and prognosis. Positive gallium uptake by the kidney in 32 patients correlated well with the clinicopathologically higher stage and grade of the tumor and with abnormal values in prognostic indexes in the blood such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP alpha 2 globulin, ferritin and copper. Gallium accumulation in pulmonary metastatic lesions was found in 13 of 21 patients and all cases with positive uptake by the pulmonary metastatic lesions belonged to the gallium-positive group in the kidney. Kaplan-Meier estimation of survival rate clearly demonstrated bad prognosis in this group. Since the sensitivity of the Ga-67 scan is low but the specificity is high, positive gallium uptake is indicative of an ominous clinical course and shorter survival in patients with renal cell carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1986

Radioimmunoimaging of human bladder tumor xenografts in nude mice by using monoclonal antibodies.

Monoclonal antibodies HBJ127 and HBJ8, raised against T24 human bladder cancer cells, predominantly react with the cells in proliferating stages and with a portion of epithelial tumor cells, respectively. To investigate the in vivo localization of these monoclonal antibodies, the antibodies were labeled with radioiodine and indium-111 (111In) and injected into nude mice transplanted with human bladder tumors. The BT-11 bladder tumor had the highest concentration of radioiodinated HBJ127 and HBJ8 monoclonal antibodies, with 11.6 and 14.3% of the injected dose per gram and with a tumor-to-blood ratio of 2.6 and 1.6, respectively, at 4 days after the administration. An irrelevant monoclonal antibody did not show any specific accumulation in the BT-11 tumor. The 111In-labeled HBJ127 antibody was also localized in the tumor with a higher tumor-to-blood ratio than the radioiodinated antibody. The xenografted BT-11 tumor was successfully visualized with the radiolabeled HBJ127 and HBJ8 antibodies by scintigraphy. These monoclonal antibodies and the human bladder tumor xenografts may provide a good model for radioimmunoimaging and possibly therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Quantitative evaluation of regional pulmonary ventilation using PET and nitrogen-13 gas.

A new quantitative method, "Simultaneous Exponential Equation method" (SEE), has been developed for the analysis of pulmonary ventilation studies using 13N-labeled nitrogen gas and positron emission computed tomography. This method uses Kety's model assuming insolubility of nitrogen gas in blood or tissues. Activity in poorly ventilated regions does not reach the equilibrium in the so-called equilibrium scan (EQ) performed following 3 or 4 min of washin. Therefore EQ images do not represent lung volume images nor do they provide the initial value of washout phase. Our method corrects for these transient phenomena observed during EQ scan and yields idealistic equilibrium state images (lung volume images) as well as more accurate regional ventilatory time constants than a modified Stewart-Hamilton (A/H) method and tomograms of high resolution.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Interpolating scan and oblique-angle tomograms in myocardial PET using nitrogen-13 ammonia.

The effect of low sensitivity areas or gaps between adjacent slices of the multislice positron emission tomography on detection of myocardial perfusion abnormality with 13NH3 was evaluated segmentally in 36 patients with coronary artery disease at rest or during exercise. The detectability of the defects in RCA or LAD region was 80% in single-position scans in stress studies. The false-negative defects were located mainly in the inferior wall, apicoinferior wall, or high anterior wall. When the patients were moved half the slice interval to perform the interpolating scan, and the two sets of images were interlaced with each other, the detectability increased to 88%. The interpolating scan also allowed reconstruction of long-axis and short-axis tomograms in high quality, which further improved the detectability of perfusion defects (100% for RCA or LAD and 75% for LCX lesion) and helped in understanding the anatomic relationships to the coronary artery territories.

Ammonia↗