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Biomedical subjects

K Taylor

Publications and source records attributed to K Taylor.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Aprotinin used in emergency coronary operation after streptokinase treatment.

We describe a patient with evolving myocardial infarction who underwent emergency intracoronary thrombolysis followed by immediate coronary artery grafting. Aprotinin was administered intraoperatively to control the potential bleeding problems associated with thrombolysis. Total postoperative blood loss was 260 mL. The case illustrates a further use for aprotinin in cardiac operations when excessive bleeding is anticipated.

Aprotinin↗
PubMed1991

Microcrystals of the annexin, p68: paracrystal to crystal transition and molecular packing as determined by electron microscopy and image reconstruction.

The calcium-sensitive, membrane-binding annexin, p68, has been crystallized from solutions of polyethylene glycol and ammonium sulfate. Our electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction data indicate that p68 crystals are tetragonal, in space group P4(1), and have unit cell dimensions of a = b = 68.4 A and c = 209.6 A. The mechanism of crystallization from polyethylene glycol involves a transition from a paracrystalline form to ordered crystals by lateral reordering of chains of molecules extended along the c axis. These chains are directional and might reflect a mechanism whereby the two different ends of (chains of) the p68 molecules interact with different membranes.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Testicular lymphoma--the need for a new approach.

Thirteen cases of malignant lymphoma of the testis were referred to the Queensland Radium Institute between 1975 and 1989. The age varied from 43 years to 84 years and the histology was intermediate to high grade in all cases. Seven patients had Stage I/II and 6 had Stage III/IV. The 4 year survival was only 16%. Half of the relapses were systemic, 1 was in the para-aortic nodes (unirradiated) and 2 were in the opposite testicle. Adjuvant radiotherapy to para-aortic nodes and mild chemotherapy have produced disappointing results. A new approach using aggressive combination chemotherapy and adjuvant scrotal irradiation is proposed for early stage disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

D12S56: a highly polymorphic locus on human chromosome 12q14.

A CA repeat, subcloned from a cosmid, has been assigned to chromosome 12 by use of a panel of somatic cell hybrids. The assignment was confirmed by fluorescent in situ hybridization and the site further localized to 12q14. The repeat is highly polymorphic and should be useful for genetic mapping.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Radiographic, high detail radiographic, microangiographic and histological findings of the distal portion of the tarsus in weanling, young and adult horses.

Clinical radiographic (LM and D35L-P1MO views), high detail radiographic, microangiographic and histological findings of the distal portion of the tarsus of 16 horses (five weanling, four young and six adult), without known clinical histories, were evaluated to determine the sensitivity of clinical radiographs for the detection of abnormalities in the distal tarsus and the prevalence of abnormalities in this population. Clinical radiographic and high detail radiographic abnormalities were observed in at least 30 per cent of the tarsi examined. Statistical agreement between observations from clinical radiographs and corresponding post mortem high detail radiographs was not good for subchondral bone plate irregularities and joint margin changes. Three patterns of sclerosis of the medullary spongiosa were visualised on high detail radiographs: thickening of the subchondral bone plate was seen commonly in the weanling group, whereas arching and bridging patterns were more prevalent in the young and adult groups. Bone production on the dorsal cortex of the central and third tarsal bones did not increase with age. Abnormalities in vascular perfusion and articular cartilage histology were observed in association with subchondral bone plate irregularities and focal regions of osteopenia observed on high detail radiographs.

Aging↗
PubMed1991

Monthly fluctuation in task concentration in female college students.

50 university women with consistent and rhythmic menstrual cycles were given Golden's version of the Stroop color-word test to evaluate their concentration accuracy. 50 male undergraduates were also tested as a control sample. The participants took the Stroop test every seven days for four consecutive weeks to allow examination of whether change in the color and word naming activity occurred. A split-plot analysis of the variance of the scores gave a significant difference for the sequence in which the tests were taken, the measures recited during the testing, and the sex of the respondent. When the values for the women were ordered to correspond to stages of their menstrual cycle, the over-all mean accuracy rose slowly to midcycle, then dropped as menses approached. This supports the hypothesis that the women's concentration was at the lowest level during the latter part of the monthly cycle. Women scored significantly higher on the color and word naming task on the Stroop test than men.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Anticoagulation and Iloprost for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: a case report.

In patients who receive heparin for anticoagulation, there can be a mild, transient thrombocytopenia which is usually devoid of complications. However, 6% of these patients experience serious heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), which can result in coagulation problems or death. Iloprost, a recently developed drug, given in conjunction with heparin, can be used to manage the patient with HIT. Two cases reported are of patients diagnosed with HIT and their management with Iloprost.

Blood Coagulation Tests↗
PubMed1991

Replication of lambda plasmid in amino acid-starved strains of Escherichia coli.

We found that lambda plasmid replication, as measured by the increase in plasmid content per bacterial mass, proceeds for hours in an amino acid-starved, relaxed mutant of Escherichia coli K-12, whereas is inhibited in its wild-type stringent partner. Replication of lambda plasmid in amino acid-starved, relaxed cells reveals absolute lambda O dependence and is not inhibited by chloramphenicol at 200 micrograms/ml. The replication also occurs in wild-type cells treated with chloramphenicol. We conclude that lambda plasmid replication is under stringent control, probably as a result of the action of ppGpp, the signal for the stringent response, on RNA polymerase.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1990

Constitutive and induced expression of growth factors in normal and chronic phase chronic myelogenous leukemia Ph1 bone marrow stroma.

Study of growth factor RNA levels in the stromal cells derived from the adherent layer of long-term bone marrow culture demonstrated constitutive expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor. These cells did not express granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor, interleukin (IL) 1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-3, and IL-6. However, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor expression could be induced by recombinant human IL-1 beta; while IL-6 could be induced by both IL-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. No differences could be detected between adherent layers established from normal and benign phase Ph1 chronic myelogenous leukemia bone marrow. The uninduced expression of TGF-beta 1, a potent hematopoietic cell growth inhibitor, suggests that stromal cells play an inherent role in regulating the proliferation of adjacent bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor cells. However, a defect in stromal TGF-beta 1 production cannot account for the profoundly expanded myeloid compartment in chronic phase chronic myelogenous leukemia. In contrast to the constitutive expression of TGF-beta 1 and macrophage colony-stimulating factor, hematopoietic growth factors are only expressed following a proper stimulation.

Biological Factors↗
PubMed1990

Use of recombinant human hematopoietic growth factors and autologous bone marrow transplantation to attenuate the neutropenic trough of high-dose therapy.

This manuscript summarizes our experience with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) with high-dose Cytoxan, carmustine and etoposide (CBV in Hodgkin's disease). rhG-CSF regularly shortened the neutropenic phase following autologous bone marrow transplantation. However, this effect was more marked on the latter part of neutrophil recovery than the early part of granulocyte recovery to 100 granulocytes/microliters. The frequency of afebrile episodes was not reduced by rhG-CSF administration, but there was a tendency for the duration of fever to be shortened. Increasing doses and continuous infusion did not hasten the early part of neutrophil recovery needed to prevent the onset of infection, but was more effective than bolus infusion in increasing the rate of late neutrophil recovery. If fevers are to be prevented in this patient population, the duration of an absolute granulocyte count of less than 100/microliters will have to last only a few days. Recombinant hematopoietic growth factors alone do not hasten recovery fast enough to prevent the onset of afebrile episodes. Studies are described using both recombinant growth factor and peripheral blood and bone marrow cells to see if the neutropenic trough can be further shortened over that achievable with growth factor and autologous transplant alone.

Agranulocytosis↗
PubMed1990

Automatic geometrical registration of fluorescein retinal angiograms.

Changes in retinal microvascular perfusion revealed by fluorescein angiography have been reported in patients undergoing coronary artery surgery. Quantification of these changes is important and current techniques depend on careful visual inspection of the angiograms by humans. Computer image processing methods can be used to identify and highlight differences, but geometrical registration of the images is a prerequisite to the comparisons. Automatic methods for locating and matching reference points have therefore been developed. In combination with an iterative process which used least-squares error to calculate the transformation coefficients, subsets of reference points were selected and used to register successfully 20 image pairs.

Coronary Artery Bypass↗
PubMed1989

High-resolution NMR imaging of an antigen-induced arthritis in the rabbit knee.

High-resolution, serial, spin-echo images were obtained for an antigen-induced knee arthritis in six rabbits. The animals were imaged prior to intra-articular challenge and at various time points up to 14 weeks after challenge. Extensive high-signal inflammatory changes were seen at Day 1 in the lymph node, capsule, and surrounding muscle. The muscle and lymph node response decreased rapidly after the first week. The capsule high-signal area reached a maximum at Day 10, but was still extensive at Day 39. The infrapatellar fat pad was replaced more slowly by high signal and the appearance of high signal in both the tibia and femur was a late change. Terminal histological examination showed that the capsule and fat pad high-signal areas corresponded to fibrous and synovial proliferation. The bone changes were a result of edema and cyst formation. The separation of the various time courses of the inflammatory changes may be of value in understanding the model and evaluating potential anti-arthritic drugs.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Major surgery in von Willebrand's disease.

Two patients with von Willebrand's disease underwent major surgery, the first had aortic valve replacement and the second a total hip replacement. Clinically, the best practical test for monitoring the dose of cryoprecipitate necessary to maintain haemostasis was the bleeding time. The response to coagulation factor replacement in von Willebrand's disease is extremely variable, and it is necessary to maintain close coagulation monitoring until the patient's surgical condition is satisfactory for discharge from hospital.

Aged↗