Six cases of hydroencephalodysplasia were evaluated from the points of clinical signs and symptoms and neuroradiological procedures and diagnostic problems were discussed. All of our cases were characterized by extensive dysplasia of the brain and increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Deformity of the head and developmental arrest of the psychomotor function were observed in five cases. The side of the skull deformity was consisted with that of the brain defect. Pneumoencephalography and cerebral angiography are characteristic in this disease, but these procedures have to be carried out with caution in case of poor general condition. Transillumination and brain scan are also useful procedures and RI-cisternography is important for indication of shunting operation. Early rehabilitation for the motor dys function is main therapeutic trial, though the cases with increased intracranial pressure require cerebrospinal fluid shunt.

Agenesis of Corpus Callosum↗

PubMed1976

[A case of intramedullary spinal schwanoma (author's transl)].

A rare case of intramedullary schwannoma of the spinal cord has been reported, The patient was a 30-year-old woman, who began to notice weakness in her right leg approximately 6 months prior to admission, followed 4 months later by numbness and weakness of the right arm. The above symptoms were progressively getting worse, and she was admitted to Hokkaido University Hospital on February 23, 1974. Neurological examination revealed slow speech, bilateral horizontal nystagmus, absent gag reflex and weakness of right trapezius muscle. Spasticity was noted in 4 extremities, in addition to right hemiparesis. All deep tendon reflexes were hyperactive, right more than left, with bilateral Hoffmann's and Babinski's signs. Vibration sense was diminished below the level of bilateral iliac crests. A tumor around the foramen magnum was suspected, however plain skull and neck, laminogram of cervical spines, vertebral arteriogram, fractional pneumoencephalogram and myodil myelogram failed to disclose abnormalities. Manometric Queckenstedt test showed a partial block on flexion, with CSF protein of 56 mg/dl. Air myelogram clearly visualized the presence of an intramedullary tumor at the level of the medullo-spinal junction. Subtotal removal of the intramedullary tumor at C1 was performed, which proved to be a schwannoma histologically. 14 such cases are reported in the literature and summarized on Table I, including our case. Clinical features of tumors around the foramen magnum are fairly complexed, and some radiological examinations might not be conclusive. It is stressed that air myelogram is extremely valuable in the diagnosis of lesions around the foramen magnum.

Adult↗

PubMed1975

[Proceedings: Experimental brain neoplasm induced by nitrosamine administration--its incidence and lysosomal enzymes].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

[The rapid microscopical diagnosis of brain and spinal cord tumors by cryostat-cut frozen section (author's transl)].

The rapid histological diagnosis of neurosurgical biopsy material is of prime importance for the neurosurgeon. Cryostat-cut sections of fresh frozen tissues have been used in our department. The surgical materials are rapidly frozen at - 150 degrees C, and serial sections, 10 microns thick, are cut in a cryostat at -18 degrees to -20 degrees C. The sections are adhered to cover glasses and stained with Metachrome solution (a mixture of 1% Azure A and 0.5% Erie Garnet B). The rapid and accurate diagnosis can be obtained within 5 minutes. The advantage of cryostat-cut frozen section is the preservation of cell density and tissue architecture, which is most important in the diagnosis of neurosurgical materials, especially in case of diffusely infiltrating glioma. The previously reported methods, such as smear technique and frozen sections by using freezing microtome are also reviewed and discussed.

Brain Neoplasms↗

PubMed1974