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Biomedical subjects

K Tanimoto

Publications and source records attributed to K Tanimoto.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of the mandible: its characteristics and possible relationship to synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome.

PURPOSE: This article reports on the possible relationship of diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis (DSO) of the mandible to synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The pathologic features in 12 new DSO patients and those in previously reported cases were reviewed and compared with those of SAPHO syndrome. RESULTS: Many similarities were noted between the two entities in terms of the clinical, radiographic, and histologic features. Furthermore, multiple bone lesions and skin lesions (palmoplantar pustulosis and psoriasis) were observed not only in SAPHO syndrome but also in DSO patients. CONCLUSION: DSO is concluded to be one manifestation of SAPHO syndrome.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1996

Immunohistochemical observations on a possible ameloblastic fibro-odontoma.

An ameloblastic fibro-odontoma which occurred in the mandible of a 3-year-old Japanese boy is reported together with immunohistochemical findings. Histologically, the tumor consisted of an ameloblastic fibroma-like area and some typical complex odontoma-like areas. The epithelial islands in the ameloblastic fibroma-like area showed different developmental stages of the epithelial-connective tissue interface. Immunohistochemical examination revealed that all epithelial components in the ameloblastic fibroma-like area showed expression of CK 8, CKs 13, 16, CK 14, CK 18 and CK 19, and coexpression of these cytokeratins and vimentin. These findings suggest that even the epithelial component without obvious epithelial-mesenchymal induction showed the final cell differentiation of the enamel organ with the potential for epithelial-mesenchymal induction.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMed1996

Cloning and genetic organization of the bacteriocin 31 determinant encoded on the Enterococcus faecalis pheromone-responsive conjugative plasmid pYI17.

The conjugative plasmid pYI17 (57.5 kb) isolated from Enterococcus faecalis YI717 confers a pheromone response on the host and encodes the bacteriocin 31 gene. Bacteriocin 31 is active against E. hirae 9790, E. faecium, and Listeria monocytogenes. pYI17 was mapped physically by restriction enzyme analysis and the relational clone method. Deletion mutant and sequence analyses of the EcoRI fragment B cloned from pYl17 revealed that a 1.0-kb fragment contained the bacteriocin gene (bacA) and an immunity gene (bacB). This fragment induced bacteriocin activity in E. faecalis OG1X and E. hirae 9790. The bacA gene is located on the pYI17 physical map between 3.37 and 3.57 kb, and bacB is located between 3.59 kb and 3.87 kb, bacA encodes 67 amino acids, and bacB encodes 94 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence of the bacA protein contained a series of hydrophobic residues typical of a signal sequence at its amino terminus. The predicted mature bacA protein (43 amino acids) showed sequence homology with the membrane-active class II bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria. Analysis of Tn5 insertion mutants and the resulting transcripts indicated that these genes are transcribed as an operon composed of bacA, bacB, and an open reading frame located downstream of bacB designated ORF3.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Tissue-specific regulation of angiotensinogen gene expression in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Angiotensinogen is expressed in many tissues besides the liver. Recent studies have suggested that abnormalities in the regulation of angiotensinogen gene expression may be involved in the development of hypertension. However, little information is available concerning the functional significance of tissue angiotensinogen. In this study, we measured plasma angiotensinogen concentration by radioimmunoassay and examined the expression of tissue angiotensinogen by Northern blot analysis in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). Although plasma angiotensinogen concentration in SHR was comparable to that in WKY at 6 weeks of age, it was increased significantly at 14 weeks of age in SHR and became higher than that in WKY. The levels of hepatic angiotensinogen mRNA were similar in SHR and WKY, and the levels of aortic, adrenal, and renal angiotensinogen mRNAs were lower in SHR than in WKY at both 6 and 14 weeks of age. Brain angiotensinogen expression in SHR was higher than in WKY at 6 weeks of age and was comparable to that in WKY at 14 weeks of age. On the other hand, cardiac and fat angiotensinogen mRNA levels were significantly increased at 14 weeks of age in SHR. These results demonstrate that the expression of tissue angiotensinogen is regulated differently in SHR and WKY and indicate that the development of hypertension is accompanied at least temporally with increases in plasma angiotensinogen concentration as well as cardiac and adipogenic angiotensinogen mRNA in SHR.

Angiotensinogen↗
PubMed1996

A case of swallowing-induced atrioventricular block after myocardial infarction.

We report a patient with transient atrioventricular (AV) block induced by swallowing. He complained of recurrent dizziness during meals and had suffered from inferior myocardial infarction 1 year before the onset of these symptoms. Radiologic examination showed no apparent esophageal abnormalities. Swallowing a piece of solid food or hot liquid repeatedly provoked advanced AV block. Administration of intravenous atropine sulfate prevented AV block. An electrophysiologic study revealed that this swallowing-induced AV block was an intranodal (A-H) block. We did not implant a cardiac pacemaker because his symptoms were not very serious and could be prevented by eating carefully. The patient has been symptom-free for the past 12 months. The previous myocardial infarction may be related to the appearance of this vagal-related AV block.

Deglutition↗
PubMed1996

Relationship between the mandibular and lumbar vertebral bone mineral density at different postmenopausal stages.

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the relationship between mandibular and general skeletal mineral status at two different postmenopausal stages. METHODS: Using dual energy quantitative computed tomography, the mandibular and 3rd lumbar (L3) vertebral bone mineral density (BMD) were evaluated in 21 women within five years after the menopause (recent postmenopause) and 23 women more than five years after (long-term postmenopause). RESULTS: There were significant correlations between the mandibular cortical and L3 vertebral BMD (p < 0.01) in the recent postmenopausal women and between the mandibular BMD and the trabecular BMD of L3 vertebrae (p < 0.05) in the long-term postmenopausal women. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the general mineral status more markedly affects the mandibular cortex in the recent postmenopausal stage and both cortical and trabecular bone in the long-term postmenopausal stage.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Usefulness of panoramic radiography in the diagnosis of postmenopausal osteoporosis in women. Width and morphology of inferior cortex of the mandible.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the usefulness of width and morphology of the inferior cortex of the mandible on panoramic radiographs in the diagnosis of postmenopausal osteoporosis. METHODS: The width and morphology of the mandibular inferior cortex on panoramic radiographs were compared with trabecular bone mineral density (TBMD) of the 3rd lumbar vertebrae (L3) measured by dual energy quantitative computed tomography in 29 premenopausal and 95 postmenopausal women. RESULTS: There was a significant negative correlation between the width (Kendall's tau = -0.36, p < 0.001) and morphology (Kendall's tau = -0.49, p < 0.001) of the mandibular inferior cortex and the L3 TBMD. Regression analysis showed that significant linear relationships were observed between the L3 TBMD and age (p < 0.001), cortical width (p < 0.05), morphology (p < 0.05), controlling body mass index, number of teeth present and menopausal status (R2 = 0.42). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that panoramic radiography could be reliable in screening for osteoporosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Case report. synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome.

A case of the SAPHO (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis) syndrome in a 35-year-old woman is presented. Ignorance of this entity on the part of the physicians treating the patient may have contributed to her having repeated diagnostic procedures and treatment, some of which may have been unnecessary. Dentists are encouraged to suspect the SAPHO syndrome when they encounter a patient with mandibular osteomyelitis together with symptoms involving other bones and skin lesions such as pustulosis or psoriasis.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1996

Serum concentration of the soluble interleukin-2 receptor for monitoring acute graft-versus-host disease.

Soluble interleukin-2 receptors (sIL-2R) are elevated in various disorders involving the activation of T cells. We measured serial serum concentrations of sIL-2R in 30 patients receiving allogeneic BMT to evaluate the usefulness of sIL-2R as a parameter for acute GVHD. In the 17 patients who developed acute GVHD, the sIL-2R concentration rose significantly on day 3 following transplantation, preceding the occurrence of acute GVHD. This change was not seen in the 13 patients without acute GVHD. The serum concentration of sIL-2R decreased as the acute GVHD subsided. The peak concentration of serum sIL-2R correlated with the severity of the acute GVHD. Simultaneous measurement of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) showed a significant rise in patients with acute GVHD, that became evident earlier than the sIL-2R elevation. TNF alpha concentrations also decreased following treatment of the acute GVHD. However, significant rise in TNF alpha were also seen in the early phase of allogeneic BMT in patients who did not develop acute GVHD. Our data suggest that the serum concentrations of sIL-2R as well as TNF alpha might reflect the severity of acute GVHD, and that the serum sIL-2R concentration might be a sensitive and practical indicator for acute GVHD.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

[Clinical evaluation of eosinophil cationic protein in asthmatic children].

To evaluate the clinical significance of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), both serum and sputum levels were measured in 93 asthmatic children and 16 healthy children. Mean serum ECP levels of asthmatic children were significantly higher than those of control children. In asthmatic children, serum ECP levels were also significantly higher during attack. So, there was positive correlation between eosinophil count in peripheral blood cells and serum levels of ECP, whereas there was no correlation between eosinophil count in peripheral blood cells and sputum levels of ECP. Sputum levels of ECP within two days after onset of asthma attack were significantly higher than those in later days. However, there was no correlation between serum levels of ECP and sputum levels of ECP. Sputum ECP levels were indifferent to age. In conclusion, both serum and sputum ECP levels were elevated during asthma attack. In particular, sputum ECP levels were markedly elevated in the early stage of attack, but begun to decrease on the 3rd day and thereafter. Sputum ECP levels were suggested to represent the inflammatory process in the local airway.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Cytomegalovirus disease accompanied by severe hypoproteinemia in a patient with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma].

A 62-year-old Japanese man complained of fever, general fatigue, anorexia and watery diarrhea during remission of adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma. Laboratory examinations showed severe hypoproteinemia (2.9 g/dl). However, neither intestinal lesions associated with ATL nor findings suggesting protein losing gastroenteropathy were observed. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigen detection assay using peripheral blood leukocytes revealed that he had an active CMV infection with hemophagocytic syndrome. Treatment with ganciclovir and methylprednisolone led to an improvement of hypoproteinemia. CMV disease and associated hemophagocytic syndrome should be considered as a cause of hypoproteinemia in an immunocompromised host.

Cytomegalovirus Infections↗
PubMed1996

Hypertensive and hypotensive mice produced by the introduction and disruption of genes on the renin-angiotensin system.

We constructed in mice the chimeric renin-angiotensin cascade comprising human renin, human angiotensinogen, and the endogenous angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensin II (A II) receptors by crossmating separate lines of transgenic mice carrying either gene. Although hypertension did not develop in the single-gene carriers despite the observed tissue-specific expression of the transgenes, dual-gene strains exhibited a chronically sustained increase in blood pressure (BP). The systolic BP was 130 +/- 7 mmHg, which is about 30 mmHg higher than that of control mice. Administration of a selective antagonist directed at the A II receptor decreased the basal BP in both single-gene and dual-gene mice. In addition, we generated two lines of knockout mice by homologous recombination in mouse embryonic stem cells. One line consisted of angiotensionogen-deficient mice, which failed to produce angiotensinogen in the liver, resulting in the complete loss of plasma angiotensin 1. The systolic BP of the mice was 66.9 +/- 4.1 mmHg, significantly lower than that of the controls (100.4 +/- 4.4 mmHg). The second line consisted of A II-receptor type la-deficient mice, which also exhibited hypotension (24 mmHg lower than that of controls). These results demonstrated that the renin-angiotensin system plays an indispensable role in maintaining normal BP in vivo, and cannot be replaced by other hormonal and neuronal systems.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Nephrogenesis and renovascular development in angiotensinogen-deficient mice.

Angiotensinogen-deficient mice provide a model to examine the roles of angiotensin II as a renal growth factor in vivo. We monitored nephrogenesis and renovascular development in angiotensinogen-deficient mice from Embryonic Day 13 (E13) to 4 weeks after birth. Northern analysis of homozygote (Atg-/-) mice confirmed the absence of angiotensinogen mRNA in the liver and the kidneys. Embryonic kidneys in Atg-/- mice from E13 to E18 exhibited active nephrogenesis, as also observed in Atg+/- mice and Atg+/+ mice. Furthermore, metanephroi harvested at E12 from Atg-/- embryos showed branching morphogenesis of ureteric bud and tubulogenesis similar to metanephrol from Atg-/- embryos grown with exogenous angiotensin II in serum-free culture. In newborn Atg-/- mice, we observed uniform dilation of the pelvis accompanied by a coarse medulla, which was not noted in Atg+/- or Atg+/+ mice. Hydronephrosis in Atg-/- mice continued, and renal papillae underwent atrophy for the 4 weeks after birth. Another characteristic aspect of the morphology of Atg-/- mice was the thickening of vascular walls as little as 2 weeks after birth. Immunohistochemistry revealed recruitment of renin in hyperplastic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) in Atg-/- mice after 2 weeks. Electron microscopy confirmed that the majority of hyperplastic VSMC contained various sized renin granules with abundant endoplasmic reticulum. In situ hybridization demonstrated that expression of renin mRNA became prominent in parallel with hyperplasia of VSMC, as well as recruitment of renin protein. Furthermore, at 4 weeks, Atg-/- mice expressed alpha-smooth muscle actin in the mesangium, whereas none was ever found in that of Atg+/- mice and Atg+/+ mice. In conclusion, the renin-angiotensin system seems not be essential for nephrogenesis in vivo. Furthermore, hyperplasia of VSMC and expression of the smooth-muscle phenotype in the mesangium are inducible even in the absence of angiotensin II, with hypotension, in vivo.

Angiotensinogen↗
PubMed1995

Angiotensin II type 1a receptor-deficient mice with hypotension and hyperreninemia.

Angiotensin (AT) II, the bioactive octapeptide in the renin-angiotensin system that plays a key role in cardiovascular homeostasis, exerts its multiple effects through the different types of AT receptors, AT1a, AT1b, and AT2. Previously, we showed chronic hypotension in angiotensinogen (the precursor of AT)-deficient mice and a dramatic increase in renin mRNA levels in its kidney, but it remains unclear which types of AT receptors regulate the blood pressure and renin gene expression. In order to elucidate the physiological roles of AT1a receptor, we generated mutant mice with a targeted replacement of the AT1a receptor loci by the lacZ gene. In the heterozygous mutant mice, the strong lacZ staining was found in the glomerulus and juxtaglomerular apparatus of the renal cortex, which coincided with that of the signals detected by in situ hybridization. Chronic hypotension was observed in the heterozygous and homozygous mutant mice, with 10 and 22 mm Hg lower systolic blood pressure, respectively, than that of wild-type littermates. Both levels of renin mRNA in the kidney and plasma renin activity were markedly increased only in the homozygous mutant mice. These results demonstrated that an AT1a-mediated signal transduction pathway is, at least in part, involved in the regulation of blood pressure and renin gene expression.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1995

Molecular evolution of a class C beta-lactamase extending its substrate specificity.

Enterobacter cloacae GC1, a clinical strain isolated in 1992 in Japan, was found to produce a chromosomal class C beta-lactamase with extended substrate specificity to oxyimino beta-lactam antibiotics, significantly differing from the known E. cloacae beta-lactamases such as the P99 beta-lactamase. The 1560 nucleotides including the GC1 beta-lactamase gene were sequenced, and the amino acid sequence of the mature enzyme comprising 364 amino acids was deduced. A comparison of the amino acid sequence with those of known E. cloacae beta-lactamases revealed the duplication of three amino acids at positions 208-213, i.e. Ala-Val-Arg-Ala-Val-Arg. This duplication was attributed to a tandem duplication of a 9-nucleotide sequence. The chimeric beta-lactamases produced by the chimeric genes from the GC1 and P99 beta-lactamase genes indicated that the extended substrate specificity is entirely attributed to the 3-amino acid insertion. Two mutant beta-lactamases were prepared from P99 beta-lactamase by site-directed mutagenesis, i.e. an Ala-Ala-Ala sequence was inserted before or after the native Ala-Val-Arg at positions 208-210. These mutant enzymes revealed that the Ala-Val-Arg located from positions 211 to 213 in the GC1 beta-lactamase are the newly inserted residues, and this phenomenon is independent of the characteristics of the amino acids inserted.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Mucosal condition of the oral cavity and sites of origin of squamous cell carcinoma.

PURPOSE: This study investigated the clinical appearance of the affected mucosa in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the oral and oropharyngeal region. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The mucosal conditions of 396 patients was classified into two types. Type A, showing ulcer formation and/or tumor formation, and type B, showing only mucosal enlargement without any other abnormality. RESULTS: Type A was detected in the oral cavity and oropharynx, and type B was observed only in the upper and lower alveolus and gingiva. Of 14 type B patients histologically evaluated for the relationship between the tumor cells and surface oral epithelium, 10 showed a disconnection between the epithelium and the tumor cells, whereas in two the tumor cells extended into the epithelium. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that SCC of type B is not of oral epithelial origin, but is of maxillary sinus epithelium or odontogenic cell origin. In the mandible, type B SCC originates from odontogenic epithelium (odontogenic carcinoma).

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗