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Biomedical subjects

K Tanimoto

Publications and source records attributed to K Tanimoto.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Computed tomography versus single-contrast arthrotomography in evaluation of the temporomandibular joint disc. A study of autopsy specimens.

The lateral, central and medial parts of 15 right temporomandibular joint autopsy specimens were studied to compare the ability of computed tomography (CT) and single-contrast arthrotomography in diagnosing the disc position and configuration. The radiologic findings were compared with macroscopic findings in a blinded fashion. In the CT examination, the diagnostic accuracy was 40% in determining the disc position and 26.7% in determining the disc configuration. However, in many areas of the joints the disc was not possible to evaluate by CT. With arthrotomography the diagnostic accuracy in determining the disc position was 75.6% and the disc configuration 60%. The sensitivity of CT was 0.45 and of arthrotomography 0.95 for the diagnosis of the disc position. The specificity was 0.87 for CT and 0.76 for arthrotomography. From these results, we conclude that arthrotomography is a reliable aid to diagnosis of TMJ disc changes and that CT cannot replace it.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Accessory cell function of human vascular endothelial cells in pokeweed-mitogen-stimulated immunoglobulin production by peripheral blood lymphocytes.

The possibility that human vascular endothelial cells (EC) can function as accessory cells for pokeweed mitogen (PWM)-induced immunoglobulin synthesis by peripheral blood lymphocytes was examined. Adherent cells (AC) were vigorously depleted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and PBMC were cocultured with or without various numbers of EC or AC in the presence of PWM. EC which had been treated with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) expressed HLA class II antigens on the surface and promoted both IgM and IgG production by lymphocytes as effectively as monocytes did. Nontreated EC also enhanced immunoglobulin synthesis, but less effectively. Pretreatment of EC with monoclonal anti-HLA class II antigen antibody suppressed the accessory cell function of EC. These results indicate that EC have the ability to function as sufficient accessory cells in the mitogen-induced in vitro immunoglobulin synthesis, and that this ability was closely related to the expression of HLA class II antigen. Under the circumstance of an inflammatory response where IFN-gamma would exist, the accessory cell function of EC would be enhanced and would modify the immune response of immunocompetent cells.

Antigen-Presenting Cells↗
PubMed1989

[A staining method of PIVKA-II by an indirect immunoenzyme technic].

The localization of PIVKA-II in liver tissue was studied by the immuno-staining method using monoclonal antibody. The cell lines derived from hepatoblastoma (huH-6), hepatocellular carcinoma (PLC/PFR/5), and normal liver (Chang) were used as materials for staining. We succeeded to stain PIVKA-II, when the materials were fixed in a formalin solution and frozen. In patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, PIVKA-II was stained in the cytoplasm of both hepatoma and non-hepatoma cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

[A case of dermatomyositis which rapidly developed to respiratory failure in the presence of pneumomediastinum].

A 49-year-old woman was admitted in February 1987, with a six-month history of joint pain, maculopapular and erythematous rash, proximal muscle weakness and a two-month history of skin ulceration and dyspnea on exertion. Physical examination showed Gottron's papules on her fingers and a faint heliotrope rash. Biopsy of erythematous skin lesions on the shoulder and the back of the hand revealed perivascular inflammatory cell infiltration and tiny ulcerative lesions of the cutaneous tissue. Biopsy of the right quadriceps muscle showed type II fiber atrophy and slight perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate, whereas serum CPK level was within normal range. Chest X-ray film showed granular infiltrates in both lower lung fields. Based on the current findings the case was diagnosed as dermatomyositis associated with interstitial pneumonia. The administration of prednisolone, 30 mg/day resulted in the improvement of the skin lesions and muscle weakness, while the intensity of lung infiltrates was little affected. Three months after steroid therapy, the patient was readmitted because of increasing dyspnea on exertion and multiple skin ulcers. Chest X-ray revealed a small amount of gas in the mediastinum, in addition to slight deterioration of interstitial lung disease. In spite of various treatments for pneumomediastinum, including bed rest, administration of analgesics and oxygen inhalation, it developed rapidly, complicated severe subcutaneous emphysema and right-sided pneumothorax. Although high-dose prednisolone therapy and mediastinal drainage were performed, the pneumomediastinum was not resolved and she died from respiratory failure. At autopsy, predominant histological features of the lungs were acute interstitial pneumonia with hyaline membrane and edematous granulation formation in the alveoli.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Dermatomyositis↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical assessment of pulmonary hypertension in collagen diseases].

The occurrence of pulmonary hypertension (PH) has been reported in association with collagen diseases. Because of its grave consequences it is of greatest importance to make an early diagnosis of PH and initiate adequate treatment. For this purpose we have carried out right heart catheterization study to determine pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), and cardiac index in thirty-four consecutive patients with collagen diseases including cases of mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). We also compared the hemodynamic data with clinical pictures and the results of non-invasive cardiopulmonary tests which were done before catheterization study. Pulmonary hypertension as defined by the mean PAP of greater than 20 mmHg was observed in 11 of the 34 cases. PH was observed in five of 6 cases with MCTD and six of 17 cases with PSS including 2 cases with overlapping SLE and PM. The frequencies of positive anti-nRNP antibody, serositis, Raynaud's phenomenon and muscle involvement were significantly higher in cases with PH than in cases without PH. Catheterization study was most useful for diagnosis of cases with mean PAP of less than 25 mmHg, whereas echocardiographic study identified all cases with mean PAP of greater than 25 mmHg. No significant correlation was observed between mean PAP and vital capacity, total lung capacity or diffusion capacity measured as the percent of predicted normal values, which suggests that vascular abnormalities play a more significant role in the pathogenesis of PH than pulmonary fibrosis in collagen diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Loss of the cortisol response to naltrexone in Alzheimer's disease.

The administration of a single dose of the opiate antagonist naltrexone (NT) was accompanied by significant elevations in plasma cortisol in normal elderly subjects; in contrast, the cortisol response to NT was absent in individuals of comparable age with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The differential effect of AD on the cortisol response was not accompanied by a significant group difference in plasma prolactin in response to NT administration. Furthermore, this differential cortisol response to NT was not associated with any evident differences in age, sex ratio, plasma levels of naltrexone or its major metabolite beta-naltrexol, or with differences in measures of nonspecific stress, such as plasma free MHPG, pulse, or blood pressure, between the two groups. The absence of the well-characterized cortisol response to NT in AD, together with other reports of abnormal responses to other pharmacological challenges, suggests that neuroendocrine abnormalities might be an important concomitant and possibly a central contributor to the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Radiographic characteristics of the calcifying odontogenic cyst.

4 additional cases of calcifying odontogenic cysts (COC) were reported, together with the radiographic interpretation of 138 cases from the literature. From the review of the literature and of our own cases, the root resorption is one of the most common diagnostic findings as is cystic radiolucency accompanied by radiopacities. Other radiographic characteristics, such as loculation, tooth divergency and bone resorption were emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Elevation of plasma prolactin concentrations by intravenous SCH 23390 and SKF 38393 in conscious rats.

The effect of the selective dopamine-1 (D-1) antagonist, SCH 23390 and the selective D-1 agonist, SKF 38393 on plasma prolactin levels was investigated in conscious, freely moving male rats. Plasma prolactin was markedly increased by the intravenous injection of either SCH 23390 or SKF 38393 in a dose-related fashion. The maximal prolactin response was observed 15 min after drug injection. The d-isomer of SKF 38393 was significantly more potent than the l-isomer. In urethane-anesthetized rats, the two drugs produced similar effects on prolactin as those in the conscious animal preparation. Both SCH 23390 and SKF 38393 potentiated the sulpiride-induced prolactin elevation. These observations suggest that pharmacologic stimulation, or blockade of D-1 receptors in the living animal, can mimic the action of a D2 antagonist at the anterior pituitary lactotroph. We have speculated on the possible mechanisms in pituitary and higher in the central nervous system which might be responsible for the prolactin changes caused by either SCH 23390 or SKF 38393.

2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-ben↗
PubMed1987

Central cholecystokinin octapeptide reduces glucose utilization in subcortical but not cortical rat brain.

Cholecystokinin octapeptide was administered intraventricularly to laboratory rats in a behaviorally active dose. Quantitative regional glucose utilization was assessed as a measure of neuronal activity using [14C]2-deoxyglucose. CCK-8 reduced glucose utilization in selected subcortical nuclei, but left most areas of cortex unaffected. The subcortical nuclei were chiefly extrapyramidal systems. The diminutive pharmacologic action on cortical neuronal activity implies CCK-8 may act here as a neuronal modulator, in concert with other central transmitters, rather than having prominent singular actions.

Animals↗