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Biomedical subjects

K Tanikawa

Publications and source records attributed to K Tanikawa.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Detection of hepatitis A antigen in human liver.

For the first time, hepatitis A viral antigen (HAAg) was shown in liver biopsy tissue from a patient in the acute phase of hepatitis type A by light and electron microscopy, using the peroxidase-antibody technique. Under light microscopy, the staining for HAAg appeared as a fine, granular reaction product, scattered throughout the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and sinusoidal lining cells. Standard thin-section electron microscopy revealed virus-like particles, 24 to 27 nm in diameter, in cytoplasmic vesicles of hepatocytes and Kupffer cells. By immunoperoxidase electron microscopy, HAAg was detected on particles aggregated within cytoplasmic vesicles of hepatocytes, thus demonstrating that the virus-like particles (24 to 27 nm) are hepatitis A virus. The surrounding membrane of the vesicles was also positive for HAAg. The distribution patterns of HAAg in human liver were virtually identical to those described for experimentally infected marmosets. It is notable that most HAAg was detected within vesicles of liver cell cytoplasm, suggesting the possibility of vesicle-oriented morphogenesis of hepatitis A virus.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Light microscopic findings of liver biopsy specimens from patients with hepatitis type A and comparison with type B.

We compared the light microscopic features of liver biopsy specimens taken within 15 days of onset of symptoms from 17 patients with serologically verified hepatitis type A and 10 patients with serologically verified hepatitis type B. On admission, patients with hepatitis type A experienced higher serum transaminase concentrations and lower total serum bilirubin concentrations than patients with type B. On examination of H & E preparations, specimens from both type A and type B displayed simultaneous hepatocellular degeneration, parenchymal and portal tract inflammatory cell infiltration, and sinusoidal lining cell activation. Hepatitis type A was characterized by conspicuous, mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltration of the portal tract with frequent disruption of the limiting plate, and periportal hepatocyte focal necrosis with virtual sparing of parenchyma about the central vein tributary. Specimens from 10 patients also displayed mild cholestasis. In contrast, hepatitis type B was characterized by modest portal tract infiltration, and extensive parenchymal changes and infiltration, particularly about the central vein tributary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

A new staining method for hepatitis B surface antigen by horseradish peroxidase.

An affinity of horseradish peroxidase for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), irrespective of antigen-antibody conjugation, was disclosed incidentally, and a new staining method of HBsAg was established. The new technique is simple, inexpensive and available for formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded sections, and does not require fresh liver tissue. Compared with three other methods, involving Shikata's orcein staining, the conventional immunoperoxidase method, and the peroxidase-anti-peroxidase method, it showed high specificity and sensitivity, which were not lower than the other three methods. Conjugation of horseradish peroxidase with HBsAg was confirmed by affinity chromatography. Attention should be paid to the fact that there is a possibility of obtaining false positive results by immunoperoxidase methods, staining antigens other than HBsAg in HBsAg positive liver tissue because of antigen-antibody independent affinity of peroxidase for HBsAg.

Hepatitis B Surface Antigens↗