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Biomedical subjects

K Taniguchi

Publications and source records attributed to K Taniguchi.

At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Antitumor effect induced by a hot water extract of Chlorella vulgaris (CE): resistance to Meth-A tumor growth mediated by CE-induced polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

When a hot water extract of Chlorella vulgaris (CE) was injected into the peritoneal cavity of BALB/c mice inoculated with syngeneic Meth-A tumor cells, the survival times were strikingly prolonged. Furthermore, peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) rich in polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) obtained from normal mice 24 h after CE injection exhibited an antitumor effect in a Winn-type assay using normal recipients. Such an activity of PEC remained almost intact after T cell or macrophage depletion. However, such PEC did not express an antitumor effect in a Winn-type assay using irradiated recipients. It was suggested that CE-induced PEC, presumably PMN, expressed an antitumor effect in cooperation with a host- or recipient-derived element(s) sensitive to irradiation. The antitumor mechanism of CE may be different from that of OK-432, one of the biological response modifiers.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Fine structure of the epithelia of the vomeronasal organ of horse and cattle. A comparative study.

The vomeronasal organ of both horses and cattle is a tubular structure situated bilaterally at the base of the nasal septum. In frontal plane the shape of its lumen is semilunar to crescent. The sensory epithelium lining the medial wall of the lumen contains receptor, supporting and basal cells with some surface modifications in both species. In the horse, a structure similar to a microprocess was observed among the microvilli of receptor cells. In cattle, a large mass of the cytoplasm of the receptor cell occasionally protrudes to form a bleb-like structure. The supranuclear cytoplasm of the receptor cells contain mitochondria, free ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticula, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes and multivesicular bodies. Some receptor cells were pyknotic. In both species the respiratory epithelia of the lateral wall of the lumen contain ciliated, non-ciliated and basal cells. In the horse, this epithelium differs from that of other species in evidence of prominent secretory function.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Early clinical evaluation of a new Björk-Shiley valve prosthesis with integral monostrut.

We evaluated preliminary results of valve replacement with a new Björk-Shiley valve prosthesis with integral monostrut. Sixty-five valves were implanted in 56 patients (18 aortic, 30 mitral, 7 double, 1 triple). The age of the patients ranged from 30 to 62 years, and they were followed up for 7-17 months (mean, 12.5 months). There were three operative deaths (5.3%) not related to the prosthesis and no late deaths. Minor cerebral thromboembolism occurred in one patient 2 weeks after surgery despite anticoagulant therapy. Intraoperative transvalvular pressure gradients across the 23-mm aortic and 27-mm mitral valve prostheses were insignificant. Real-time two-dimensional echocardiography revealed no regurgitation at the moment of valve closure in 20 randomly selected patients. Though the data accumulated so far are still relatively incomplete and the follow-up periods short, the clinical results obtained here were satisfactory, warranting further use of this new Björk-Shiley valve prosthesis with integral monostrut for longer follow-up studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Thymus cell migration in a prostaglandin-mediated system.

Prostaglandin (PG)-mediated T cell traffic and the nature of these emigrant T cells were analyzed by using a fluorescent activated cell sorter. Administration of indomethacin (INDO), an inhibitor of PG synthesis, increased the number of splenic T cells in normal mice but not in adult-thymectomized mice. An increase in thymus cell migrants in peripheral blood lymphocyte and splenic cell populations of mice pretreated with INDO were detected, using the method of in situ labelling of thymocytes with fluorescein diacetate. These results indicate that the increase in the T cell population in the spleen by INDO treatment results from the increase in thymus cell migration to the spleen. Such recent emigrants in the spleen were thought to have been derived from the thymus cortex, judging from the response to phytohemagglutinin and intracellular terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase activity; however, they expressed a Thy-1 level similar to that found on peripheral T cells. These results suggested that a cortical thymocyte population was recruited from the thymus to the spleen by a PG-mediated system, but its Thy-1 level rapidly changed to that found on the peripheral T cell population.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Thymus-dependent increase in number of T cells in parathymic lymph nodes induced by the biscoclaurine alkaloid, cepharanthine.

In mice treated with cepharanthine (Cepha), a biscoclaurine alkaloid, the number of T cells was increased in the parathymic lymph nodes (PtLNs) which are considered to be the specialized lymph nodes in local differentiation of T cells. Such PtLN cells exhibited augmented proliferative responses to T cell mitogens and exogenous interleukin 2 (IL 2) and showed a great ability to produce IL2, which suggests an increase in mature T cells in the PtLN. However, such increases in the number of T cells and in the mitogen response were not observed in adult thymectomized mice. A low level of plasma prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was observed in Cepha-treated mice. Replenishment of the PGE2 in such mice with exogenous PGE2 prevented the increase in T cells in the PtLN. These results suggest that the migration of mature T cells from the thymus to PtLN is increased by Cepha and that Cepha is able to regulate their traffic by a prostaglandin-mediated system.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1985

Preparation and characterization of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies with different reactivity patterns to human rotaviruses.

By employing three strains of cultivable human rotaviruses with different serotype specificity as immunizing antigens, we prepared 11 hybridomas which secreted neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against human rotaviruses. In neutralization tests with four strains of serotype 1, and three each of serotypes 2 and 3, the monoclonal antibodies showed different reactivity patterns: seven monoclonal antibodies reacted specifically with all strains of either serotype 1, 2 or 3 human rotavirus, but two showed strain-specific reactions; the remaining two were commonly reactive to various human rotavirus strains from each serotype but not to two non-human rotaviruses. By immunoprecipitation analysis, it was found that four serotype 2-specific and two commonly reactive antibodies were directed to VP3 (82000 mol. wt. protein) on the outer shell of the virus particles.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

[Ouabain binding and the conformational change in Na+, K+ -ATPase].

The addition of ouabain to the Na+, K+-ATPase [EC.3.6.1.3] of pig kidney modified with N-[p-(2-benzimidazolyl) phenyl] maleimide gradually increased the fluorescence and the amount of phosphoenzyme from Pi with the same time course in the presence of 0.43 mM Mg2+, 16 mM Na+, 27 microM ADP and 27 microM Pi. The extent of the increment of the fluorescence intensity was dependent on the concentration of ouabain. A Hill plot of the data showed that n (Hill coefficient) and K1/2 (apparent affinity) were equal to 0.27 and 0.84 microM, respectively. Addition of ouabain to give 93 microM increased the intensity to the highest level, similar to that of K+-sensitive phosphoenzyme (E2P), and increased the extent of phosphorylation to half the amount of E2P formed with Mg2, Na+ and ATP. ADP inhibited the phosphorylation from Pi without affecting the binding of ouabain. The extent of the fluorescence intensity induced by ouabain in the presence of 0.43 mM Mg2+, 16 mM Na+ and 27 microM ADP was the same irrespective of the presence of 27 microM Pi. Addition of inorganic phosphate to give 2.6 mM accelerated the rate of fluorescence increase and 27 microM ADP retarded it without affecting the extent of the increment. The addition of ouabain to the Na+-bound enzyme increased the fluorescence with time to a level similar to that of E2P. These results and those of others indicate that ouabain can bind to nonphosphorylated Na+, K+-ATPase, and the relative fluorescence intensity of ouabain bound Na+, K+-ATPase was similar to that of E2P irrespective of the phosphorylation.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1985

Echocardiographic and Holter findings in 321 uremic patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

Cardiac manifestations in 321 patients on chronic hemodialysis (dialysis duration of from 0.1 to 11.3 years) were examined with non-invasive technique. In contrast to the previous assumption that cardiac dilatation and pericardial effusion are common in patients on chronic hemodialysis, interventricular septal hypertrophy (51.3%) and left ventricular posterior wall hypertrophy (47.1%) on echocardiography and left ventricular hypertrophy (47.0%) on ECG were the most frequent abnormalities in these patients. Although premature beats on routine ECG were found in a limited number of patients (4.7%), ventricular premature beats were recognized in 45.7% and high grade arrhythmias in 27.2% of 92 patients examined with 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring. There were no high grade arrhythmias and the frequency of ventricular premature beats was 19.4% in 31 age-matched healthy subjects studied. Furthermore, the PQ interval was progressively prolonged in relation to the duration of hemodialysis. This finding may suggest that long-term hemodialysis is associated with disturbances of the conduction system. These results indicate that myocardial hypertrophy and high grade arrhythmias are the prominent findings in uremic patients maintained on hemodialysis. We consider that such high grade arrhythmias could be responsible for a high incidence of cardiac death in these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry of the pituitary gland of the tortoise.

The pars distalis of the tortoise, Geoclemis reevesii, was studied immunocytochemically with regards to its fine structure and distribution of different cell types. The pars distalis consists of cephalic and caudal lobes and a zona tuberalis, each with distinct cellular components. The cephalic lobe contains ACTH cells and prolactin (PRL) cells, while the caudal lobe consists of STH (GH) cells, TSH cells and FSH/LH (GTH) cells. The zona tuberalis contains GTH cells and a small number of TSH cells. ACTH cells, found exclusively in the cephalic lobe, are amphophilic cells containing ACTH immunoreactive secretory granules 200-240 nm in diameter. PRL cells occur only in the cephalic lobe and are large oval or columnar cells containing large secretory granules 300-500 nm in diameter. The cells immunoreactive to anti-chicken LH serum are also reactive to anti-chicken FSH serum, and were identified as GTH cells. They are distributed in the caudal lobe and zona tuberalis, with a few in the pars tuberalis. The GTH cells contain numerous secretory granules of varying density and diameter 200-280 nm, and large globules. TSH cells are small rounded cells containing small secretory granules 180-240 nm in diameter, and distributed in the caudal lobe and zona tuberalis. After thyroidectomy, these cells are hypertrophied and develop to thyroidectomy cells containing large vacuoles and a few secretory granules. GH cells are typical orangeophiles distributed in the caudal lobe. They contain secretory granules 200-400 nm in diameter. The zona tuberalis, which covers the antero-lateral portion of the cephalic lobe, is closely similar in cellular constitution to that of caudal lobe. It may presumably be a structure extended from the caudal lobe and not a homologue of the mammalian zona tuberalis.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1985

Cell-mediated lympholysis (CML) to allogeneic and trinitrophenyl (TNP)-modified cells: re-evaluation of the role of the thymus in CML.

The role of the thymus in cell-mediated lympholysis (CML) to allogeneic and trinitrophenyl (TNP)-modified cells was re-evaluated using adult thymectomized (ATx) and neonatal thymectomized (NTx) mice. CML to TNP-modified cells was used as the model of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted CML. CML to TNP-modified cells, but not to allogeneic cells was reduced at late stages after ATx and remained low even in NTx-11 (thymectomy at 11 days of age) mice. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) producing activity in such mice was lower than that in the normal controls, while allogeneic CML was maintained at the same level as seen in the controls. The addition of exogenous IL-2 to in vitro culture led to a restoration of the generation of CML to TNP-modified cells, in neonatal thymectomized mice. These results suggested that thymus-dependency differs in the 2 forms of CML and that the CML to TNP-modified cells showed a higher thymus-dependency than did the allogeneic CML. Moreover, the activity of helper T cells may exert a direct influence on CML to TNP-modified cells, as compared to allogeneic cells.

Animals↗