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Biomedical subjects

K Taniguchi

Publications and source records attributed to K Taniguchi.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Ooplasmic round spermatid nuclear injection procedures as an experimental treatment for nonobstructive azoospermia.

PURPOSE: Our objective was to apply ooplasmic round spermatid nuclear injections for the treatment of nonobstructive azoospermia. MATERIALS: Participants were nine azoospermic men who had previously undergone diagnostic testicular biopsy. Spermatogenetic arrest was diagnosed at the round spermatid stage (n = 6) or primary spermatocyte stage (n = 3). A second (therapeutic) testicular biopsy was performed and round spermatid nuclei were recovered from all the participants. RESULTS: Forty-nine mature oocytes were successfully injected with nuclei and then cultured for 72 hr. Twenty-four embryos were transferred to nine women. No pregnancy was achieved. CONCLUSIONS: Round spermatids can be recovered from therapeutic testicular biopsy material of men negative for round spermatids in previous routine diagnostic testicular biopsy specimens. Round spermatid nuclear injections may play a role in the treatment of nonobstructive azoospermia.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Changes in the immunoreactivity of protein gene product (PGP) 9.5 in the cochlea of spontaneously diabetic WBN/Kob rats.

The mechanism of hearing impairment due to diabetes mellitus was examined in relation to changes in the level of the immunoreaction for the protein gene product 9.5 in the cochlea of spontaneously diabetic WBN/Kob rats. At 7 months (33 weeks) of age, when half of the males of this strain manifest diabetes, male WBN/Kob rats were divided into two groups as follows: one group consisted of prediabetic animals showing slightly decreased tolerance to glucose with a normal plasma concentration of glucose, normal urinary excretion of glucose, and functional hearing impairment (assessed in terms of elevation of hearing threshold). The second group consisted of diabetic animals with glucose intolerance, high plasma glucose level, polyuria, urinary glucose excretion, and more apparent elevation of hearing threshold. According to morphometric analysis of the spiral ganglion, the number of ganglion cells was significantly smaller in both the prediabetic and the diabetic animals than in the age-matched control Wistar rats. The staining intensity for protein gene product 9.5 was increased in some spiral ganglion cells of diabetic animals, but decreased in others according to quantitative immunohistochemical analysis. On the other hand, the immunoreactivity for protein gene product 9.5 was similar in the prediabetic animals to that in the control Wistar rats. These results suggest that numerical and immunohistochemical changes in the spiral ganglion cells reflect the onset and degree of the diabetic hearing impairment.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Potentially multicentric hepatocellular carcinoma: clinicopathologic characteristics and postoperative prognosis.

When multiple hepatic tumors are present, it is sometimes difficult to distinguish between metastatic and multicentric hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To identify the important clinicopathologic features of multicentric HCC, we evaluated the clinical characteristics of patients with multicentric HCC and examined the usefulness of surgical treatment in those patients. A total of 99 patients with multiple HCCs were classified into one of the following two groups according to whether their tumors were multicentric or metastatic: Group MO consisted of 18 patients with tumors thought to have developed synchronously from multicentric origins. Group IM consisted of 64 patients with intrahepatic metastases. In this study 18% of the patients with multiple HCCs were thought to have presented with multicentric tumors. This study revealed that synchronous multicentric HCCs often affected multiple segments of the liver and responded relatively well to partial hepatectomy of individual tumor-affected areas. To appropriately treat potentially multicentric HCC, it is important to understand the histopathologic characteristics of multicentric HCC and diagnose during preoperative and intraoperative ultra-sonography, so surgical treatment may be useful.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1997

Saccular aneurysm in the right-sided aortic arch: a successfully corrected case.

We report the surgical treatment of a rare case of true aortic aneurysm in a right-sided aortic arch. A 49-year-old female patient with obstructive respiratory problems demonstrated a true aneurysm with a diameter of 58 mm located at the right-sided aortic arch between the right carotid artery and right subclavian artery. Surgery was successfully performed by replacing the arch including the aneurysm with a prosthetic graft. The positions of true aneurysms in the right-sided aortic arch can be divided into two subtypes: first, the transverse arch between the right carotid artery and right subclavian artery, and second, the base of the subclavian artery, the Kommerell's diverticulum. The region is informative for consideration of the surgical approach toward aneurysms of this entity.

Angiography, Digital Subtraction↗
PubMed1997

Effect of maternal lifestyle on cord blood IgE factor.

During recent decades much interest has been focused on the possibility of predicting and preventing atopic diseases during pregnancy. The idea of being able to detect a predisposition early and take suitable environmental measures in order to avoid overt allergy is an attractive position. Elevated cord IgE of around 1.0 IU/ml has been proposed as a predictor in western children. However, there remains no information about the effect of maternal lifestyle during pregnancy on these levels. Total IgE levels were therefore determined using Pharmacia CAP system and PRIST, with sensitivities of 0.01 kU/l and 0.25 kU/l, respectively, from serum samples taken from 1138 Japanese pairs of cord blood and pregnant women responding to a questionnaire regarding 17 health practices, intake of 32 food allergens and 5 environmental factors. Of these, 28 (2.5%) pairs of samples were excluded from further analysis because of high contamination of IgA (> 15.4 mg/ml) in cord blood. Median cord blood IgE was 0.286 kU/l and geometric mean IgE was 66.25 kU/l in maternal sera using CAP system; there was no significant correlation between maternal log (IgE) and cord blood IgE. Similar results were obtained from PRIST, whose correlation with CAP system was significant (r = 0.884, p < 0.001 for maternal and r = 0.765, p < 0.001 for cord blood). Multiple logistic analysis demonstrated that avoidance of simultaneous exposure to hens' eggs and cow's milk (relative risk = 1.3, p < 0.05) as well as soy beans (relative risk = 2.8, p < 0.01) should be advised to mothers with positive allergic histories and/or high total IgE (> 400 IU/ml), especially in women aged more than 35 years who are pregnant with a male child. However, maintenance of healthy lifestyles, especially taking proper exercise and sleeping, and avoidance of inhalant allergens during late pregnancy may be a more important strategy for the reduction of cord blood IgE levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Antinociceptive activity of CP-101,606, an NMDA receptor NR2B subunit antagonist.

1. The analgesic activity of CP-101,606, an NR2B subunit-selective N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, was examined in carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia, capsaicin- and 4beta-phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-induced nociceptive tests in the rat. 2. CP-101,606 30 mg kg(-1), s.c., at 0.5 and 2.5 h after carrageenan challenge suppressed mechanical hyperalgesia without any apparant alternations in motor coordination or behaviour in the rat. 3. CP-101,606 also inhibited capsaicin- and PMA-induced nociceptive responses (licking behaviour) with ED50 values of 7.5 and 5.7 mg kg(-1), s.c., respectively. 4. These results suggest that inhibition of the NR2B subunit of the NMDA receptor is effective in vivo at modulating nociception and hyperalgesia responses without causing the behavioural side effects often observed with currently available NMDA receptor antagonists.

Analgesics, Non-Narcotic↗
PubMed1997

ATP-induced dynamic fluorescence changes of a N-[p-(2-benzimidazolyl)phenyl]maleimide probe at Cys241 in the alpha-chain of pig stomach H+,K+-ATPase.

H+,K+-ATPase preparations from pig stomach were modified with a sulfhydryl fluorescence reagent, N-[p-(2-benzimidazolyl)phenyl] maleimide (BIPM). The addition of ATP to the modified enzyme preparations in the presence of Mg2+ decreased the BIPM fluorescence but increased the Trp fluorescence. After exhaustion of ATP, the fluorescence intensities increased and decreased to the original levels, respectively. The results of stopped flow and rapid quenching experiments suggested that the decrease in BIPM fluorescence (36/s) was accompanied by binding of Mg2+ and ATP or phosphorylation (35 36/s) which was followed by slower increases in Trp fluorescence (24/s) and light scattering (20/s). Tosylphenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone-trypsin treatment of the modified preparations, which showed an about 1% decrease in BIPM fluorescence accompanying phosphorylation, gave one major fluorescent peptide peak on reverse-phase chromatography. Amino acid sequence analysis of the peptide revealed the following sequence, Ser-Pro-Glu-X-Thr-His-Glu-Ser-Pro-Leu-Glu-Thr-Arg. On comparison with the amino acid sequence deduced from cDNA from pig stomach [Maeda, M., Ishizaki, J., and Futai, M. (1988) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 157, 203-209], X was shown to correspond to Cys241 of the alpha-chain in H+,K+-ATPase. These data and others suggest that the decrease in BIPM fluorescence at Cys241 reflects some molecular event triggered by the binding of ATP with Mg2+ and/or phosphorylation, whereas the increases in the intrinsic Trp fluorescence and light scattering reflect one after phosphorylation.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1997

Altered expression of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, metallothionein and topoisomerase I or II during acquisition of drug resistance to cisplatin in human ovarian cancer cells.

This study was designed to elucidate the mechanisms of cisplatin (CDDP) resistance using two human ovarian cancer cell lines, KF and TYK, and two CDDP-resistant lines, KFr and TYK/R, derived from the former lines. KFr and TYK/R showed about 3-fold higher resistance to the cytotoxic effects of CDDP than their parental lines. They also showed a significant increase in sensitivity to not only etoposide, but also (+)-(4S)-4, 11-diethyl-4-hydroxy-9-[(4-piperidino -piperidino)carbonyloxy]-1H -pyrano[3',4':6,7]inodolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,14(4H, 12H)-dione hydrochloride trihydrate (CPT-11). Cellular CDDP accumulation levels in KFr and TYK/R were decreased from those of the parental cells. By contrast, the cellular glutathione (GSH) content in KFr cells was 1.7-fold higher than that in KF, whereas TYK/R cells had a 40% lower content than TYK cells. Cellular mRNA levels of drug-resistance-related genes, such as DNA topoisomerase (topo) I and topo II, glutathione S-transferase-pi (GST-pi), gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gamma-GCS), and metallothionein (hMT) genes, were compared between drug-sensitive KF or TYK and KFr or TYK/R. KFr cells had 8.5- and 24.7-fold higher mRNA levels of gamma-GCS and topo II genes than KF cells while KFr had only a slight increase in GST-pi mRNA level as compared with KF. By contrast, TYK/R cells had 2.9- and 1.7-fold higher hMT and topo I mRNA levels than TYK cells. Acquisition of CDDP resistance in human ovarian cancer cells thus appeared to be related mainly to expression of gamma-GCS, topo II and hMT genes, and partly to that of topo I and GST-pi genes, in addition to a decrease in CDDP accumulation.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1997

Epstein-Barr virus infection, Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and reactive follicular hyperplasia in Japanese children: evaluation of paraffin-embedded specimens using polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections are common in Japanese children, with infectious by EBV type 1. The relationships between EBV infection and lymphadenopathies in Hodgkin's disease (HD), non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), reactive follicular hyperplasia (RFH), and infectious mononucleosis (IM) in 37 Japanese children were evaluated. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lymph node specimens that were obtained at surgical resection or biopsy were evaluated for the presence of EBV DNA and the latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemical staining. The PCR detected EBV DNA in nine of 13 (69.2%) patients with RFH, including a case of IM, all three (100%) patients with HD, and one of 21 (4.8%) patients with NHL. All EBV-positive samples contained EBV type 1. Reed-Sternberg's cells in HD were immunohistochemically positive for LMP-1, whereas all cases of RFH and NHL were negative for LMP-1. Results suggest that EBV infection may be related to HD. Although no proof exists that EBV infection contributes to the transformation of cells, thus causing RFH or NHL, the present authors suggest that the EBV-positive cases in Japanese children demonstrate a relationship between the clinical and histopathological features of the lymphadenopathy and EBV-type 1 infection.

Child↗
PubMed1997

Retrograde supernormal conduction in concealed accessory atrioventricular pathway following catheter ablation.

A case is presented of a 63-year-old woman with a concealed accessory pathway that exhibited retrograde supernormal conduction after radiofrequency catheter ablation. Although ventricular pacing at a slow rate revealed no retrograde conduction over the accessory pathway following ablation, the tachycardia recurred 15 months later. During ventricular pacing there was retrograde 1:1 conduction over the accessory pathway at a fast rate while there was intermittent VA dissociation with rare retrograde conduction at the slower rate. Ventricular extrastimulus testing demonstrated a supernormal conduction zone of the coupling interval. Thus, accessory pathways may exhibit supernormal conduction after catheter ablation. Pacing should be performed at both slow and fast rates to confirm the presence of conduction block following ablation.

Cardiac Pacing, Artificial↗
PubMed1997

Endovascular stenting of a traumatic dissecting aneurysm of the extracranial internal carotid artery--case report.

A 57-year-old male presented with a traumatic dissecting aneurysm of the distal, extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA). Stent placement resulted in complete occlusion of the aneurysm and preservation of the carotid blood flow. He also had an atherosclerotic stenosis of the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery, which was uneventfully treated by angioplasty 3 months after stent placement. Endovascular reconstruction of the ICA with a stent may be the best way to occlude dissecting aneurysms, especially in patients who cannot tolerate ICA occlusion, are at risk from delayed ischemia, or have wide-necked or multiple aneurysms.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1997

Intercalated duct cells in the chicken pancreatic islet.

Intercalated duct cells are present in the alpha and beta islets of the chicken pancreas. The intercalated duct cells adhere to each other via intercellular junctional complexes at the apical side, projecting many microvilli and a few of cilia into the lumen. Abluminally, these cells extend slender cytoplasmic processes between islet endocrine cells. These intercalated duct cells appear to have a stellate form, and to wrap around endocrine cells with their cytoplasm. These observations suggest that intercalated ducts not only pass through the islet, but also play a role in supplying islet cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Semicircular suture annuloplasty for mitral regurgitation: appraisal of the Paneth-Burr method.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS OF THE STUDY: Mitral annuloplasty has long been considered as the basic procedure for mitral regurgitation (MR). However, it is increasingly advisable to avoid foreign material and to use a method that provides greater adjustment for control of annular size. In this study, the semicircular suture annuloplasty (Paneth-Burr method) was evaluated for its efficacy and durability; the optimum size of the mitral annulus was also assessed. METHODS: The Paneth-Burr method was modified using Gore-Tex suture, a crossing suture technique, and obturator for temporary annulus size adjustment. Between 1992 and 1994, 21 patients with an average age of 45 years (range: 8 months to 67 years) underwent such annuloplasty combined with various valvuloplasties and chordal reconstruction. The etiologies were degenerative in 11 patients, congenital in five, ischemic in three and endocarditis in two. RESULTS: Mean MR grades (0-4) decreased from 3.3 +/- 0.6 to 0.2 +/- 0.4 after surgery. At an average 24 months follow up (range: 12 to 41 months), 16 patients showed no increase in MR, but five showed increased MR grades (all grade 3 or less: three grade 3 and two grade 2). Only one patient with ischemic MR required reoperation. Patients with increased MR grade during follow up had a larger intraoperative annular size (> 90% of normal), while those with < 90% of normal mitral annular size showed no increase in MR beyond grade 2, except one with ischemic etiology. CONCLUSIONS: A measured semicircular suture annuloplasty appears to be useful for MR, with acceptable efficacy and durability. In addition, the annular size to be adjusted at surgery is proposed to be < or = 90% of normal mitral annular diameter.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Clinical application of a new monoclonal antibody (19B7) against PIVKA-II in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatobiliary malignancies.

OBJECTIVES: A new monoclonal antibody (19B7) against prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) was clinically applied in patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatobiliary malignancies, and the results were compared with those obtained using the conventional monoclonal antibody (MU-3) against PIVKA-II. METHODS: The assays were the standard E-1023 using MU-3, a high sensitivity kit using MU-3 and a highly sensitive avidin-biotin complex method, and a new monoclonal antibody (19B7) kit. RESULTS: The rate of PIVKA-II positivity in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 182) was 44% with E-1023, 55.5% with the high sensitivity kit, and 58.2% with the new monoclonal antibody kit. Small liver cancers <2 cm in diameter (n = 45) had a positivity rate of 15.6% with E-1023, 26.7% with the high sensitivity kit, and 31.1% with the new monoclonal antibody kit. The incidence of PIVKA-II positivity in patients with pancreatobiliary carcinoma (n = 91) was 29.7% with the high sensitivity kit and 52.7% with the new monoclonal antibody kit. The PIVKA-II ratio (plasma concentration with the high sensitivity kit/plasma concentration with the new monoclonal antibody kit) was calculated as > 1.0 in 89 of the 113 (78.8%) patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with the new monoclonal antibody kit assay level above 0.002 arbitrary units/ml, compared with <1.0 in almost all patients with pancreatobiliary malignancies. CONCLUSIONS: MU-3 has much greater affinity for PIVKA-II in hepatocellular carcinoma than does 19B7, whereas 19B7 has much greater affinity for PIVKA-II in pancreatobiliary malignancies than does MU-3. The new monoclonal antibody, 19B7, is useful for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma and can also distinguish patients with hepatocellular carcinoma from those with other pancreatobiliary malignancies when combined with a PIVKA-II assay using the conventional monoclonal antibody, MU-3.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Usefulness of 201Tl/123I-BMIPP myocardial SPECT to evaluate myocardial viability and area at risk in acute myocardial infarction--comparison with 201Tl/99mTc-PYP dual SPECT].

To evaluate the area at risk and the myocardial viability of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), we compared rest 123I-beta-methyl iodophenyl pentadecanoic acid (123I-BMIPP) and 201Tl myocardial SPECT with 201Tl/99mTc-PYP dual SPECT (D-SPECT) in 65 patients (mean age 64 +/- 11 years) with AMI. D-SPECT was performed in 3 to 5 days, 123I-BMIPP myocardial SPECT in 5 to 7 days, and left ventriculography on 1 month after onset of AMI. Furthermore, 201Tl/123I-BMIPP myocardial SPECT and left ventriculography were performed on 4 months after onset of AMI. The area which showed the reduced 123I-BMIPP uptake was larger than that showed the accumulation of 99mTc-PYP. The improvement of regional wall motion on 4 months after onset of AMI tended to be more closely correlated with the existence of discrepancy zone between 201Tl and 123I-BMIPP uptake than that of overlap zone between 201Tl and 99mTc-PYP uptake in acute period. We conclude that 201Tl/123I-BMIPP myocardial SPECT is more useful to evaluate the area at risk and myocardial viability of AMI than D-SPECT.

Aged↗