Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Tamura

Publications and source records attributed to K Tamura.

At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Autopsy findings in 47 cases of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma in Miyazaki prefecture, Japan.

To identify factors that might improve the prognosis of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), we reviewed data on 47 autopsied cases of ATL with reference to the complications and cause of death. The primary cause of death was respiratory insufficiency due to pulmonary infection. Respiratory insufficiency was also attributed to the diffuse alveolar damage and pulmonary fibrosis resulting from chemotherapy given and oxygen. About 90% of the cases had infections with one or more pathogens. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) was the most frequent pathogen involved in 35/47 (74.5%) while fungal infections were also commonly seen in 25 of the 47 cases (53.2%). Of these, 17 (70%) had pulmonary aspergillosis. Other neoplasias were present in 10 of the 47 cases, while hypercalcemia was evident in 21 patients. These findings suggest that the prevention and treatment of nosocomial infections and of drug-induced pulmonary toxicity may improve the prognosis and quality of life of ATL patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Blood viscosity and cerebral blood flow in aged].

It is well known that there is a close correlation between blood viscosity and blood flow. To clarify any relationship between blood viscosity and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the elderly, we simultaneously studied both CBF with PET (positron emission tomography) and blood viscosity with viscosimeter before and after phlebotomy in the elderly with various kinds of polycythemia. These subjects consisted of five male cases of secondary polycythemia due to pulmonary fibrosis, one male case of essential erythrocytosis (average age 66.6 +/- 4.6 years old) and one female case of stress polycythemia (47 years old). Before phlebotomy an increase in blood viscosity, decrease in rCBF and regional cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (rCMRO2) were observed in all cases. After phlebotomy (total amount of 800 to 1,000 ml) blood viscosity rapidly decreased, and both rCBF and rCMRO2 tended to increase. There was a significant negative or positive correlation between CBF and blood viscosity or rCMRO2, respectively. However, no increase in cerebral oxygen transport was observed in any subject after phlebotomy. It was noted that cerebral infarction is not infrequent among elderly visitors to Kusatsu spa, which is characterized by high temperature hot spring water. From the authors' observation of 23 cases of cerebral infarction encountered during the last five years, it is noteworthy that the disease tended to occur more frequently during midnight to morning, specially 3:00 to 6:00. Thus, to clarify the pathogenetic mechanism of the cerebral infarction occurring after bathing in hot spring water, we studied the changes in blood viscosity, blood pressure and coagulation-fibrinolytic system after bathing in hot spring water.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Effect of G-CSF and M-CSF on busulfan-induced marrow failure in a 91-year old patient with essential thrombocythemia].

A 91-year-old patient with essential thrombocythemia presented with marked bone marrow suppression induced by long-term administration of busulfan. Her pancytopenia extended for over two months even after the cessation of busulfan, suggesting that she had developed a severe decrease in hematopoietic reserve. We administered G-CSF and M-CSF to accelerate recovery from marrow failure and to evaluate the recovery of hematopoiesis. The standard doses of G-CSF and M-CSF increased her neutrophil and platelet counts sufficiently but only transiently. Transient eosinophilia was also noted after cessation of M-CSF. The possibility that the expansion of abnormal clone(s) induced the transient increase in platelet and eosinophil counts could not be completely excluded. We suggest that the administration of hematopoietic growth factors should be limited to patients, irrespective of age, who present marked clinical symptoms attributable to marrow failure when the patient has a chronic myeloproliferative disorder.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Role of gastric digestion in the absorption of slowly digestible peptide, oligo-L-methionine, in rats.

Absorption of a slowly digestible peptide, oligo-L-methionine (OM), added to a low casein diet was faster than absorption of OM added to a low soybean protein isolate diet in early stages of feeding in chronic portal-cannulated rats. In the present study, the gastric digestion of 14C-labeled OM in rats fed a casein-based diet was higher than that in rats fed an soybean protein isolate-based diet 30 min and 3 hr after feeding. In rats with chronic bile-pancreatic juice diversion from the proximal small intestine, the higher gastric solubilization of OM in the stomach of the casein group was also observed, but the contents of soluble digest of OM in the stomach were lower than those in the normal rats. The portal absorption of OM in the casein group was higher than in the soybean protein isolate group both 30 min and 4 hr after feeding in the bile-pancreatic juice-diverted rats, and the difference of the portal absorption between the diet groups corresponded to the difference of the amount of solubilized OM in the upper small intestine; this, in turn, depends on pepsin digestion in the stomach. These findings suggest that the difference between the two diet groups in the ability to digest OM in the stomach can at least partly explain the higher portal absorption of OM in the casein group in the early stages of feeding.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Discrimination among E. coli tRNAs with a long variable arm.

In E. coli, tRNA(Ser), tRNA(Leu) and tRNA(Tyr) have a long variable arm composed of more than ten nucleotides (class II tRNAs). In order to study how leucyl- and seryl-tRNA synthetase discriminate their cognate tRNA isoacceptors from the other class II tRNAs, kinetic parameters of various mutated class II tRNA transcripts with leucyl- and seryl-tRNA synthetase were determined. Leucyl-tRNA synthetase recognizes A73 and A14 or its vicinity. Seryl-tRNA synthetase recognizes the long variable arm base-nonspecifically. C2-G71 in the acceptor stem functions as a negative identity element against seryl-tRNA synthetase. Difference in the tertiary structure among class II tRNA molecules plays a crucial role in discrimination by these two synthetases.

Acylation↗
PubMed1993

[A case of type II cryoglobulinemia involving glomerulopathy associated with hepatitis C antibody].

We reported a case of type II cryoglobulinemia involving glomerulopathy associated with HCV-induced liver cirrhosis. The patient was a 57-year-old woman. Her past history included chronic hepatitis at 51 years and rheumatoid arthritis at 53 years of age. At 46 years, an erythematous lesion appeared on her legs, which was diagnosed as allergic vasculitis by skin biopsy. At 50 years, proteinuria, hematuria and hypertension were recognized. The next year, the first renal biopsy was performed and showed membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN). Recently, the edema of her legs has progressed, and the laboratory data showed proteinuria, hematuria, hypocomplementemia, rheumatoid factor positivity, and increase of monoclonal IgG kappa chain. The second renal biopsy revealed an endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis-like lesion with marked infiltration of monocytes and macrophages. The subendothelial deposit showed a fine fibril-like pattern. She was treated with steroids and double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) therapy, but the treatment was not very effective. She died of liver cirrhosis, which was probably induced by hepatitis C virus (HCV), and sepsis. Generally, the patients of type II cryoglobulinemia often showed HCV antibody positivity, pointing to HCV as an etiological factor. In this case, renal biopsy was performed twice in the same patient, and the histologic findings suggest the clinicopathological course of cryoglobulinemia.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1993

Effect of postischemic reperfusion on the pancreas.

In an examination of the effect of ischemia and reperfusion on the generation of active oxygen species during pancreatic cell damage, a short-term ischemia and reperfusion model was prepared by the occlusion and reperfusion of both the anterior mesenteric artery and the celiac artery in rats. Following 60 minutes of occlusion plus 7 hours of reperfusion of the anterior mesenteric artery and the celiac artery, the serum concentrations of amylase and lipase rose significantly to 7 and 6 times the respective control values. After 30 minutes of occlusion plus 7 hours of reperfusion, or after 7 hours of occlusion without reperfusion, amylase and lipase levels were not changed significantly. The continuous intravenous infusion of superoxide dismutase (3600 U/kg/hour) in rats receiving 60 minutes of occlusion plus 7 hours of reperfusion suppressed the rise in serum amylase and lipase values to 25 percent of the values in the non-injected group. These results suggest that the active oxygen species which are generated by the short-term ischemia and reperfusion method injure the endothelium and cause hyperamylasemia and hyperlipasemia. Inhibition of the rise in serum amylase and lipase concentrations by pretreatment with a scavenger of active oxygen, superoxide dismutase, suggests that the active oxygen species are involved in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis.

Amylases↗
PubMed1993

Chronobiologic assessment of antihypertensive therapy.

This paper is an example of the clinical application of chronobiologic methods to the diagnosis of the major killers of modern societies, i.e., hypertension. Passing from the description of the methodology to clinical examples, the article provides convincing evidence of the importance of the chronodiagnostic approach to ambulatory blood pressure monitoring not only for a more accurate diagnosis, but also for a more appropriate therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Time-sequential changes of vagal activity with aging].

We examined the correlation of the time-sequential variability of vagal activity with the heart, and then the circadian rhythm of vagal activity and its changes with aging were investigated. The subjects consisted of 154 healthy volunteers, 90 males and 64 females whose ages ranged from 12 to 83 years. Holter monitoring was performed continuously for 24 hours. RR interval and RR50 were measured using Ewing's method. Least square-fit of a cosine curve in a period of 24 hours of these parameters was calculated, and MESOR (midline estimating statistic of rhythm), amplitude and acrophase were determined. The results were as follows: 1. In all subjects, the circadian rhythms of the RR interval were significantly noted. MESOR, amplitude and acrophase of the RR interval were 0.83 +/- 0.07 sec (mean +/- SD), 0.16 +/- 0.06 sec and 19.6 +/- 33.8 degrees. MESOR and acrophase were not changed significantly by aging. Amplitude was significantly decreased by aging (r = -0.23, p < 0.01). 2. The circadian rhythm of RR50 was dominantly and significantly noted in 92 of 154 cases. MESOR of RR50 were 477 +/- 301 counts/hr and the amplitudes of RR50 were 319 +/- 209 counts/hr. These indices were significantly changed by aging (MESOR: r = -0.69, p < 0.01; amplitude: r = -0.51, p < 0.01). 3. Acrophase of RR50 was 30.0 +/- 47.8 degrees, and it became delayed by aging (r = 0.32, p < 0.01). In conclusion, 1) based on the cosinor analysis of time sequential changes of RR50, the circadian rhythm of cardiac vagal activity was validated. 2) Heart rate is determined chiefly by the intrinsic heart rate and the autonomic nervous system. At rest vagal activity to heart rate is dominant over sympathetic activity, and the intrinsic heart rate decreases by aging. So the fact that MESOR of RR interval was not changed by aging and that MESOR of RR50 decreased by aging indicated that vagal activity to the heart decreased with aging. 3) Vagal activity accelerated during the time between midnight and early morning.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Effect of combination therapy with sulbactam/cefoperazone and amikacin in the treatment of infectious diseases accompanied by hematological disorders].

We studied the efficacy and safety of a combination therapy with sulbactam/cefoperazone (SBT/CPZ) and amikacin (AMK) on severe infections in the patients with hematological disorders. We administered SBT/CPZ and AMK to 65 patients and analyzed the result of 57 patients, except for 8 drop outs, for evaluation. The overall clinical efficacy of this combination therapy was 64.9% (excellent in 15 patients, good in 22 patients). Thirty seven patients had sepsis and suspected sepsis. The efficacy was 67.6% in these patients. The rate of improvement in the cases (18 patients) with neutrophil counts under 500/mm3 during the administration among 28 patients who had not responded to prior antibiotic treatment was 67.9%. Diarrhea was found in 1 patient as an apparent side effect likely related to this drug regimen. It appears that combination therapy of SBT/CPZ and AMK was a useful regimen in the treatment of infectious diseases complicated with hematological disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Activity of Lansoprazole (new proton pump inhibitor) against Helicobacter pylori and its therapeutic efficacy].

Lansoprazole, one of PPIs, is a strong antacid and it cures stomach and duodenal ulcers at early stages as well as having antibiotic action towards HP. The in vitro MIC of the product is between 3.13 and 12.5 micrograms/ml and it was 12.5 micrograms/ml, which was the same as MIC of colloidal bismuth citrate, in our study. Sterilizing effect of Lansoprazole is reported to be the direct attack on HP bacteria from electron microscopic findings. Our study revealed that Lansoprazole would preserve the epithelial cells on the edge of a stomach ulcer and would protect PAS-positive substance within them. Lansoprazole is said to cure many H2-Blocker resistant ulcers and to suppress the rate of recurrence of stomach and duodenal ulcers. These effects are considered to be attributable to maintenance of mucous barrier and maintenance of cytoprotection of the gastric mucosa by Lansoprazole as well as its sterilizing action mainly on HP.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed1993

[Surgical treatment of ruptured dissecting aneurysms: proximal clipping vs trapping].

The best surgical treatment for ruptured dissecting aneurysms of the vertebral artery is still controversial. Four patients (1 male, 3 female), age ranging from 43 to 62, were operated upon in our department during the last 6 years. Duration from rupture to the operation was 0 to 4 days. In 2 cases, proximal clipping was the primary treatment, while 2 had a trapping. Antiplatelet agents were given to prevent vasospasm in all cases postoperatively. In proximal clipping cases, one patient had suffered from fatal rerupture on the sixth postoperative day. In trapping cases, Wallenberg syndrome developed in one patient. These results suggest that a proximal clipping may not allow the treatment for the vasospasm because of the danger of rebleeding and also a trapped segment of vertebral artery should be as short as possible to avoid compromised perforators.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

General pharmacological profile of the new anti-ulcer drug 3-[[[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]carbamoyl]methyl]-amino-N -methylbenzamide.

Pharmacological properties of the anti-ulcer drug 3-[[[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]carbamoyl] methyl]-amino-N-methylbenzamide (DQ-2511, CAS 104775-36-2) on the central and autonomic nervous systems, smooth muscle, gastrointestinal system, and other miscellaneous systems were investigated. 1. DQ-2511 showed little or no influence on general behavior, spontaneous motor activity, hexobarbital sleeping time (mouse), conditioned avoidance response (rat), body temperature (rabbit), EEG or spinal reflex (cat) after oral administration (300-1000 mg/kg) or intravenous injection (15, 50 mg/kg). It also had no anticonvulsant or analgesic activities (mouse). 2. DQ-2511 had no influence on pupil size (rabbit). It reduced or tended to reduce contractile responses of the nictitating membrane induced by electrical stimulation of pre- and post-ganglionic sympathetic nerve (cat) at the highest dose. The drug inhibited the pressor response to norepinephrine, but had little or no inhibitory effect on the depressor response to acetylcholine at the highest dose (dog). 3. DQ-2511 reduced contractile responses to nicotine, BaCl2, acetylcholine, histamine and serotonin (isolated guinea pig ileum), to acetylcholine and histamine (trachea), and to norepinephrine (vas deferens) at high concentrations. It also inhibited spontaneous and oxytocin-induced motility (isolated rat uterus). 4. DQ-2511 decreased gastric motility in a dose-related manner at intravenous doses of 5-50 mg/kg (dog). It also reduced gastric emptying rate at oral doses of 100-1000 mg/kg, and gastric secretion at intraperitoneal doses of 100-300 mg/kg (rat). On the other hand, it induced no definite changes in intestinal motility (dog) or gastrointestinal transit (mouse).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗