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Biomedical subjects

K Takeya

Publications and source records attributed to K Takeya.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Depression of protective mechanisms against microörganisms in tumor-bearing mice and its restoration by adjuvants.

Bacterial growth within 72 hr after an intravenous inoculation with Listeria monocytogenes was enhanced strikingly in the liver of mice, when viable cells of sarcoma-180 were injected subcutaneously into ddN, C3H/He, and BALB/c mice 5 hr before the inoculation. Such an enhanced bacterial growth appears to be attributable to a depressed ability of macrophages to digest engulfed bacteria. Pretreatments with zymosan, killed BCG, or viable BCG prevented such depression in tumor-bearing mice and increased the bactericidal activity in the liver of normal and tumor-bearing mice above the level of non-treated normal mice. Such adjuvants may be useful not only for augmentation of antitumor activity but also for augmentation of antimicrobial activity in tumor-bearing hosts.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1976

In vitro studies on the mechanism of acquired resistance to tuberculous infection. I. The relationship between lymphocytes and macrophages in cellular immunity to tuberculous infection.

The relationship between lymphocytes and macrophages in cellular immunity against tuberculous infection was studied by means of an in vitro cell culture system without addition of streptomycin. The peritoneal macrophages were obtained from normal mice or mice immunized with heat-killed tubercle bacilli in paraffin oil, boosted with live BCG and infected with H37Rv cells in vitro. The infected monolayers of macrophages were cultivated for 48 hr with immune lymphoid cells obtained from immunized mice. The intracellular growth of H37Rv cells 3,5 and 7 days after infection was examined by counting tubercle bacilli within infected macrophages under a microscope. 1) The increase of bacilli within macrophages derived from immunized mice was slightly smaller than that in normal macrophages. 2) The addition of immune lymph node cells to the macrophage monolayers resulted in a marked decrease in the number of bacilli within both normal and "immune" macrophages. Conversely, normal lymph node cells exhibited an enhancing effect on the intracellular bacillary growth. 3) Immune lymph node cells showed a higher capacity to cause macrophages to suppress intracellular growth of bacilli than that of splenic lymphoid cells or thyrmocytes after addition to macrophage monolayers. 4) The treatment of lymphoid cells with inhibitors of protein synthesis, cycloheximide or streptovitacin A, resulted in a remarkable reduction of the ability of sensitized lymphocytes to cause macrophages to suppress multiplication of intracellular bacilli.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Effects of BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) vaccines on immune responses in mice. I. Possible effect of BCG on helper T cells.

The effects of killed and living BCG on antibody production against hamster erythrocytes (HRBC) and the 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenyl (TNP) group were studied in SL mice. Killed and living BCG, each in doses of 0.008 mg, 0.08 mg, 0.8 mg and 8 mg per mouse, were intravenously inoculated 7 days prior to primary immunization with HRBC. Secondary immunization was carried out 28 days later with TNP-HRBC. Anti-HRBC and anti-TNP antibodies were estimated by a hemagglutination test. The results showed that pretreatment with killed or living BCG enhanced the antibody production against both HRBC and TNP. Comparing the effects of these two BCG preparations, it was noted that killed BCG augmented the anti-HRBC antibody production more effectively than living BCG. In regard to the anti-TNP antibody production, living BCG exhibited a greater augmenting effect than killed BCG. This difference in the modes of action of killed and living BCG was remarkable when two groups given 8 mg of killed and living BCG were compared. In addition, it was shown that living BCG at a dose as high as 8 mg was able to augment the anti-TNP antibody production, even in the absence of preceding immunization with HRBC.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

In vitro studies on the mechanism of acquired resistance to tuberculous infection. II. The effects of the culture supernatants of specifically stimulated-sensitized lymphocytes on the growth of tubercle bacilli within macrophages.

Immune lymph node cells were obtained from mice immunized with bovine gamma globulin (BGG) in complete Freund's adjuvant or allogeneic MH134 tumor cells. They showed the capacity of conferring bactericidal activity on macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, H37Rv, when they were incubated on macrophage monolayers together with the corresponding antigen, i.e., BGG or solubilized cellular antigen of the tumor cells. However, such capacity was lower than that of tubercle bacilli-immune lymph node cells. Culture supernatants were harvested after incubation of tubercle bacilli-immune, BGG-immune or allogeneic tumor-immune lymph node cells with the corresponding antigen for 24 hr. Macrophages were altered so as to suppress intracellular bacillary growth when macrophage monolayers were exposed to the supernatants for more than 2 days. When normal lymph node cells were incubated on normal macrophage monolayers together with a mitogen such as PHA or concanavalin A, growth of tubercle bacilli within the macrophages was slightly but difinitely suppressed. The mechanism of elicitation of cellular immunity to the infection with tubercle bacilli is discussed on the basis of results presented in this and the preceding paper.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Immune response against hamster erythrocytes in the low-responder mouse strains. XI. Strain difference in the effects of various microbial adjuvants.

Enhancing and suppressing effects of microbial adjuvants were studied in female mice of the C3H/He, AKR and SL strains. Propionibacterium acnes, Bordetella pertussis, BCG and yeast cell wall (YCW) were chosen as adjuvants. As antigens, we chose hamster erythrocytes (HRBC) which proved to be a weak antigen for mice. Adjuvants were given on day --7, day 0 or day 3, and HRBC were injected on day 0. The results were as follows. 1) P. acnes facilitated IgM and IgG antibody production in AKR mice and suppressed IgM antibody production in SL mice, when given on day --7. When P. acnes was given on day 0, they suppressed IgM antibody production in all of the strains used. 2) When B. pertussis was given on day 0, it exhibited enhancing effects on IgG antibody production in all of the strains and a suppressing effect on IgM antibody production in SL mice. 3) BCG suppressed IgM antibody production in all strains when given on day 0. 4) YCW showed no influence on antibody production in any combination used in this work. 5) SL mice were very sensitive to suppressing effects by adjuvants. Strain differences in the expression of enhancing and suppressing effects by adjuvants appear to be under some control independent of antigen-specific immune response genes.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1976

Experimental models for prevention of graft-versus-host reaction in bone marrow transfusion. I. Selective suppression and augmentation of splenomegaly and cytotoxicity.

Induction and suppression of splenomegaly and cytotoxicity against C57BL/L cells were studied in (AKR X C57BL/6) F1 hybrid adult mice after the transfer of AKR lymphoid and bone marrow cells. 1) Splenomegaly and cytotoxicity were dissociated in the developmental stages of the graft-versus-host reaction. When lymphoid and bone marrow cells of normal AKR mice were injected into F1 recipients, splenomegaly was prominent on days 5 and 7, but cytotoxicity of spleen cells was not detected. Splenomegaly became less prominent but the cytotoxicity became detectable on day 14 after the injection. 2) Cytotoxic activity of spleen cells of F1 recipients was suppressed by the treatment of AKR donors with C57BL/6 lymphoid cells in Freund's complete adjuvant. Splenomegaly, however, was substantially enhanced by such a treatment of the donors. On the other hand, induction of the cytotoxic activity was facilitated by the treatment of donors with C57BL/6 skin grafts. 3) F1 hybrid mice could be protected from the graft-versus-host reaction by the injection of AKR anti-C57BL/6 serum or pretreatment of AKR donors with sonicated cellular antigens of C57BL/6.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Mouse strain differences in macrophage activation and anti-tumor activity induced by Propionibacterium acnes (anaerobic coryneforms).

Effect of Propionibacterium acnes on macrophage activation and antitumor activity was examined in ddN and SL mice. (1) Carbon clearance was enhanced to the same extent by P. acnes treatment in both strains. (2) Number of peritoneal macrophages increased to the same extent by P. acnes treatment in both strains. (3) Adhesiveness of peritoneal macrophages, as demonstrated by inhibition or migration or an increase in spreading cells, was enhanced more efficiently in ddN than in SL mice P. acnes treatment. (4) Mice of both strains died in a similar patterns, when they were not pretreated in any way. The treatment with P. acnes conferred antitumor activity of a higher degree in ddN than in SL mice. (5) Peritoneal macrophages of ddN mice treated with P. acnes exhibited an antitumor activity in in vivo neutralization test. These results suggest that strain difference in augmentation of antitumor activity by P. acnes is ascribed to distinct sensitivity of macrophage functions to a stimulative effect of P. acnes in the mouse strains.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Dissociation between cytotoxic activity and delayed hypersensitivity against syngeneic or allogeneic tumor grafts.

Cytotoxicity against tumor-specific antigen and allogeneic antigens in mice was raised by immunization with viable tumor cells in saline, but not by immunization with tumor cells in complete or incomplete Freund's adjuvant. On the other hand, strong delayed hypersensitivity as demonstrated by macrophage migration inhibition was detected in the mice immunized with tumor cells in complete or incomplete Freund's adjuvant in both syngeneic and allogeneic systems. After immunization with viable tumor cells, delayed hypersensitivity was raised to a moderate degree in allogeneic, but not at all in syngeneic mice. Cytotoxicity was retained after a booster with syngeneic tumor cells in complete Freund's adjuvant in the mice which had been immunized with viable tumor cells. Cytotoxicity was raised after a booster with viable syngeneic tumor cells in the mice which had been immunized with tumor cells in complete or incomplete Freund's adjuvant. Thus, the development of cytotoxicity depended entirely on the presence of viable tumor cells as an immunogen. Activation of helper T cells was not found in the syngeneic mice immunized with viable tumor cells or tumor cells in complete or incomplete Freund's adjuvant. In allogeneic mice, the activity was facilitated slightly by immunization with viable tumor cells or tumor cells in complete Fruend's adjuvant but not with tumor cells in incomplete Freund's adjuvant. This sytem may be useful for analytical studies on cellular immunity, since cytotoxicity, delayed hypersensitivity, and helper cell activation can be induced in dissociated forms.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Enhanced development of metastatic foci in thymectomized, irradiated, and bone marrow-reconstituted mice.

The effect of depletion of immunocompetence of metastasis of a mouse hepatoma MH-134 was studied in syngeneic C3H/He mice. (2) Development of metastasis in the lung and lymph nodes was remarkably enhanced in the mice which were thymectomized, irradiated, bone marrow-reconstituted (Tx-X-BM), and grafted intramuscularly with tumor cells. (2) Number of tumor cells detected in the blood stream was within the same range in the control mice and the Tx-X-BM mice after intramuscular tumor-grafting. (3) Metastatic foci were not detected in the stomach and intestines, not only in control mice but also in the Tx-X-BM mice after intramuscular tumor-grafting. However, tumors grew progressively in the subserosal tissues of these organs of the Tx-X-BM mice, but not of the control mice, when a small number of tumor cells were directly inoculated into such tissues. (4) On 9th day after an intravenous injection of a large number of tumor cells, tumor growth was detected to almost the same extent in the lungs of the control mice and the Tx-X-BM mice. Tumors grew progressively in the Tx-X-BM mice thereafter, whereas the tumors regressed in the control mice. These results suggest that inhibition of metastasis by immune response depends primarily upon suppression of proliferation of the tumor cells lodged in individual organs.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis accompanied by enhanced antibody production.

In four cases of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMCC) enhanced antibody production against candida antigen was detected in association iwth depressed cellular immunity. These patients showed extremely high agglutinin titre to candida antigen, while they were unable to mount delayed hypersensitivity reactions to candida antigen, tuberculin-purified protein derivative (PPD) or to dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). They also showed prolonged survival of skin homografts. There was no correlation between migration inhibitory factor (MIF) production and blast transformation in response to candida antigen.

Antibodies, Fungal↗
PubMed1976

Relationships among differentiated T-cell subpopulations. I. Dissociated development of tuberculin type hypersensitivity, Jones-Mote type hypersensitivity and activation of helper function.

Relationships among tuberculin type hypersensitivity, Jones-Mote type hypersensitivity and activation of helper T cells were studied in AKR mice by means of footpad reaction, migration inhibition test and antibody production against the trinitrophenyl group. (1) Immunization with SRBC in saline, Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FIA) or complete adjuvant (FCA) and fixed-SRBC (FRBC) in FIA- or FCA-induced delayed hypersensitivity as demonstrated by footpad swelling. (2) Migration inhibition was positive in the groups immunized with SRBC or FRBC in FCA, but negative in those immunized with SRBC in saline or FIA or FRBC in FIA. This may suggest that the former has to be assigned to tuberculin type and the latter to Jones-Mote type. (3) Both pre-treatment with BCG and with cyclophosphamide (CY) augmented delayed footpad reaction in the mice immunized with SRBC in saline. However, migration inhibition was positive only in the group pre-treated with BCG. BCG may convert the reaction from Jones-Mote type to tuberculin type, while CY may augment the reaction of Jones-Mote type. (4) FRBC in saline scarcely induced delayed footpad reaction, whereas they activated helper function efficiently. Thus, three types of immunological phenomena attributable to the functions of T cells may depend upon distinct subpopulations of differentiated T cells which are raised by different methods of immunization.

Animals↗