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Biomedical subjects

K Takeuchi

Publications and source records attributed to K Takeuchi.

At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Vasculitis syndrome--clinical classification and diagnostic approaches].

Vasculitis syndrome comprises a broad spectrum of diseases associated with vasculitis, which is characterized by inflammation and damage to blood vessels. Clinical features associated with vasculitis usually appear depending upon size of damaged vessels, but rarely correlate with primary disease itself. Vasculitis must be considered in the differential diagnosis for therapeutic approaches, particularly in patients with serious vasculitis occurring irreversible organ damage due to rapidly progressive systemic vasculitis, such as Wegener's granulomatosis, polyarteritis nodosa. These patients require prompt and aggressive treatment and the optimal treatment at the early stage of disease process can induce complete remission. Vasculitis syndrome have been classified by clinical, pathologic and immunological findings and these classifications and criteria are helpful for diagnostic and appropriate therapeutic approaches.

Female↗
PubMed1994

Prolonged neonatal myocardial preservation with a highly buffered low-calcium solution.

Optimal methods of myocardial preservation remain controversial in the neonate. This study compared prolonged hypothermic storage of neonatal hearts with modified University of Wisconsin solution (group I) with a solution formulated to promote anaerobic glycolysis by providing proton buffering with histidine (100 mmol/L) and exogenous glucose and insulin (group II). Hearts from piglets aged 3 to 5 days were given a single dose of either solution (n = 6 each), subjected to 20 hours of global ischemia at 4 degrees C, and reperfused with an erythrocyte-enhanced perfusate in an isovolumic Langendorff preparation. After 1 hour of reperfusion, in comparison with hearts preserved with University of Wisconsin solution, those in group II demonstrated (mean +/- standard error of the mean) greater left ventricular developed pressure (101 +/- 7 versus 62 +/- 9 mm Hg, p < 0.01) and the first derivative of left ventricular pressure (816 +/- 23 versus 614 +/- 69 mm Hg.sec-1, p < 0.05). Diastolic indices were reduced to a similar degree in the two groups. Myocardial oxygen consumption was significantly greater (38.8 +/- 2.4 versus 11.8 +/- 2.4 microliters oxygen.min.g-1, p < 0.01) in group II hearts. Group I hearts vasoconstricted (6% increase in coronary vascular resistance) in response to an intracoronary infusion of acetylcholine (20 nmol.min-1); in contrast, acetylcholine produced coronary dilation in group II hearts (5% decrease in coronary resistance, p < 0.02) that was similar to that observed in nonischemic control hearts. These results demonstrate enhanced preservation of myocardial contractility, oxidative metabolism, and vascular function in neonatal hearts provided by a solution designed to buffer protons and promote anaerobic glycolysis during ischemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Inhibition of liver metastases in rabbits by arterial infusion of angiogenesis inhibitor, TNP-470].

We examined the prevention of liver metastases by arterial infusion of the angiogenesis inhibitor, TNP-470, in Japanese White Rabbits; 1.0 x 10(6) of VX2 carcinoma cells were injected into the mesenteric vein for tumor inoculation. Then the rabbits were divided into the following two groups. Group 1: 2 ml of distilled water was continuously injected into the common hepatic artery of control for 7 days. Group 2: 50 mg of TNP-470 solved in 2 ml of distilled water was continuously administered into the common hepatic artery for 7 days. On day 14, the number of metastases on each liver surface was counted. The mean number of metastases were 237.0 +/- 133.26 and 24.4 +/- 15.05 in Group 1 and 2, respectively. There was a significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.05). We found no side effects of TNP-470 such as body weight loss or liver disfunction. Microphil was injected into the common hepatic artery to observe the neovasculature. The proliferation of tumor vessels was suppressed in Group 2. We considered that arterial infusion of TNP-470 is effective to prevent liver metastases, because the blood supply to liver metastases is well developed from the hepatic artery, and TNP-470 is directly effective on the endothelium itself, and inhibits neovascularization.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Recurrence and survival rate of advanced gastric cancer after preoperative EAP-II intra-arterial infusion therapy].

Ninety-eight patients with advanced gastric cancers underwent gastrectomy from Jan. 1989 to Dec. 1991. For these patients, preoperative intra-arterial injection therapy using EAP-II (etoposide 100 mg, epirubicin 20 mg, carboplatin 100 mg) was given to 24 patients. In this report, the recurrence and survival rate of these patients were investigated. After curative resection, the survival rate of patients with EAP-II 36 months after operation was 76.9%, while that of patients without EAP-II was 78.6%. There were no significant differences between these two groups. Two peritoneal carcinomatoses and two liver metastases were seen in patients with EAP-II (recurrence rate, 30.7%). Eight recurrences were observed in patients without preoperative injection therapy (peritoneal dissemination, 4; local recurrence, 3; lymph node recurrence, 1). Previously, we reported that drugs were remarkably accumulated in gastric cancer tissue and regional lymph nodes after EAP-II intra-arterial injection therapy. This high accumulation might cause no local or lymph node recurrence was seen in patient with EAP-II. Thus, it was concluded that preoperative EAP-II intra-arterial injection may prevent local and lymph node recurrences, and that further study of the combination and dose of anti-cancer drug needed to improve the postoperative survival rate in advanced gastric cancer patients.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1994

[Expression of human endogenous retroviruses in rheumatoid arthritis].

The genomes of all organisms, from yeast to humans, contain thousands of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) and ERVs are transmitted vertically through germ cells as provirus. In recent studies, it has been reported that some ERVs have important immunologic effects and are associated with autoimmune diseases in several animals. However, despite many years of investigation in human, physiological or pathological roles for ERVs remain unknown. In this study we examined whether the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was associated with human ERVs; ERV3 and lambda 4-1, which retain open reading frames (ORF) and could make proteins. We demonstrated that ERV3 and lambda 4-1 were expressed on synoviocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in RA patients by Northern blot analysis. But the expression was indeed heterogenous: RA patients showed various expression levels of ERV3 and lambda 4-1, which were independent of clinical activities and kinds of used drugs. mRNAs of ERV3 and lambda 4-1 were also expressed in PBMCs of healthy volunteers. We detected a 4.2 kb transcript of lambda 4-1 in synoviocytes and PBMCs which was not expressed in placentas, suggesting a unique protein might be produced in synoviocytes and PBMCs compared to placentas. In order to examine regulatory mechanisms for expression of human ERVs, we treated cultured synoviocytes and human kidney endothelial cells (hKEC) with various cytokines. By interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) treatment, ERV3 expression in synoviocytes was not altered, but that in hKEC increased and correlated with IL-6 expression. Although ERV3 and lambda 4-1 expression may not be directly associated with the pathogenesis of RA, the possibility still exists that some of many ERVs, which are integrated into human genomes, may have causative roles in RA.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[A case of bronchial rupture and pulmonary laceration caused by blunt chest trauma].

A 37-year-old female was crushed by a traffic accident. She was in severe respiratory distress. A chest X-ray revealed right pneumothorax and multiple rib fractures. Shortly after the initiation of the positive pressure ventilation, severe subcutaneous emphysema developed and she became shock. The bronchoscopy showed the rupture of the right main bronchus which was repaired through a right posterolateral thoracotomy using interrupted monofilament PPP sutures. Pulmonary lacerations were also repaired by the same sutures. Postoperative bronchoscopic examination showed good healing without any stricture. It cannot be overemphasized that accurate diagnosis and urgent surgical management is mandatory in patients with bronchial rupture.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1994

Application of a new morphometry system based on SEM stereo-pairs to the study of intestinal mucosa of rodents.

A new morphometry system for submicroscopic three-dimensional structures was developed on the same principles as for the aerial survey using SEM stereo-pairs. This computer graphic system was applied to the analysis of the surface features of the intestinal mucosa. After removing the epithelial layer by prolonged osmication, core structures of the intestinal villi were exposed and 100 villi each from rat and mouse were measured. Average height, basal area and surface area of a single core of the rat were 188 microns, 20,200 microns2 and 93,500 microns2, respectively. Those of the mouse were 148 microns, 7,530 microns2 and 37,100 microns2, respectively. Surface amplifications by the rat and the mouse villi, after compensating for epithelial thickness, were calculated as 3.5 and 4.3, respectively; though amplifications based on the villous core were 4.6 and 4.9, respectively. These three-dimensional features of the intestinal mucosa were illustrated as submicroscopic maps by drawing their contour lines. It was demonstrated that the present morphometry system makes it possible to know not only the average features of a large sample, but also a variety of features of individual structures which were directly observed under SEM.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Expression of autocrine motility-like factor in rheumatoid synovial fluid.

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether a cytokine, autocrine motility factor (AMF), plays a role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: We investigated the chemokinetic activity of synovial fluids (SF) obtained from patients using a unique protein-free culture fibrosarcoma Gc-4 PF, the motility of which is specifically dependent on the cytokine. RESULTS: Treatment of the cells with the SF stimulated their phagokinetic motility by 1.4, 1.8, and 2.1-fold at protein concentrations of 100, 250 and 500 micrograms/ml, respectively. This dose dependent response was observed in all 3 patients with classical or definite RA. In contrast with Gc-4 PF cells, the SF did not stimulate the motility of Gc-4 SD cells that have little response to AMF. The ability of this chemokinetic activity to block binding of the monoclonal antibody to the receptor for AMF was demonstrated on immunoblots. CONCLUSION: Based on these results, it is suggested that the motile activity may be AMF. The possible role of the cytokine in the pathogenesis of RA is discussed.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1994

Hepatocellular carcinoma with splenic metastasis developing after 16 years of chemotherapy for chronic myelogenous leukemia: a case report.

A case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which developed during chemotherapy for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), is presented. A 55-year-old Japanese man, who had received an alkylating agent for 16 years, was diagnosed as having HCC with clinically evident splenic metastases. The patient died of the HCC rupture three months after diagnosis. The autopsy revealed the HCC to have developed from the non-cirrhotic liver. In the present case, DNA damage due to the long-term chemotherapy with the alkylating agent for CML may have endowed the HCC induced by post-transfusion hepatitis and alcohol abuse with an aggressive proliferative potential. This is the first report on HCC in association with CML.

Busulfan↗
PubMed1993

Multiple cDNA sequences of bovine tracheal lysozyme.

The principal role of lysozyme is to prevent bacterial invasion at body surfaces. We are interested in how lysozyme is regulated at the surface of the respiratory tract, where the serous gland cell is regarded as the primary cellular source of this enzyme. Since the cow genome contains at least 10 lysozyme-like genes, our objective was to determine which of them are expressed in the cow tracheal gland serous cell. By screening tracheal cDNA libraries with a probe constructed from the cDNA encoding stomach lysozyme 2, we obtained 3 lysozyme cDNAs: 5a (1023 base pairs (bp)), 7a (1060 bp), and 14d (1249 bp). cDNA 7a corresponds to a previously reported gene (showing sequence identity to the stomach 2 lysozyme gene), whereas cDNAs 5a and 14d correspond to lysozyme genes not previously reported. Northern blot analysis of cow tracheal RNA showed lysozyme mRNAs of three distinct lengths. Based on hybridization with probes specific for each cDNA, we determined that the longest transcript corresponded to cDNA 5a, the shortest to 7a, and the intermediate-length transcript to 14d. Cultured cow tracheal gland serous cell RNA, reverse transcribed and amplified by the polymerase chain reaction with primers common to all three cDNAs, yielded a product that hybridized to oligonucleotide probes specific for all three cDNAs but most strongly to that for 5a. These results indicate that multiple lysozyme mRNAs are expressed in the cow trachea and that the lysozyme encoded by cDNA 5a is the major form expressed in the tracheal gland serous cell. This serous cell lysozyme is predicted to differ importantly in structure from both 7a and 14d lysozymes, with an arginine:lysine ratio almost 10-fold higher. The sequence differences may underlie functional differences, including variable resistance to proteolysis and variable affinity for large polyanions (e.g. mucins) found in the respiratory tract lumen.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Stimulation of prostaglandin production by hepatocyte growth factor in human gastric carcinoma cells.

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), a protein with pleiotropic biological activity affecting cell growth and motility, was found to markedly activate prostaglandin production in human gastric carcinoma TMK-1 cells. HPLC analysis revealed that HGF stimulated the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which is the major prostaglandin produced in these cells. HGF maximally stimulated PGE2 production at a concentration of 10 ng/ml, and it was a more potent stimulator of PGE2 production than epidermal growth factor (EGF), which is known to stimulate prostaglandin production in various cell lines. The simultaneous addition of HGF and EGF caused no further stimulation of the PGE2 production observed in HGF-treated cells. We showed also that HGF increased the arachidonate release from TMK-1 cells, which release was completely suppressed by the addition of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitors. Further studies in vitro showed that HGF enhanced cellular activities of cytosolic PLA2 and cyclooxygenase 1.5-fold each. These results indicate that HGF stimulates prostaglandin production through increases in both cytosolic PLA2 and cyclooxygenase activities.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1993

Development and application of an enzyme immunoassay for tenascin.

A sandwich enzyme immunoassay system for detecting tenascin in human serum was established using purified antibodies to tenascin. The assay system comprises polystyrene balls with immobilized polyclonal antibody F(ab')2 fragments and monoclonal antibody F(ab')2 fragments labeled with beta-D-galactosidase from Escherichia coli. The assay system has a minimum detectable sensitivity of 10 ng/ml of tenascin in human serum, with an assay range of 3 micrograms/ml. The assay system was found not to cross-react with laminin, vitronectin, human epidermal growth factor, fibrinogen, or fibronectin. Coefficients of variation within-run and between-run for the assay of human serum tenascin were less than 10%. Serum samples from healthy adults (n = 86) contained about 800 ng/ml and serum tenascin concentrations of patients with carcinoma (n = 47) were increased. These results suggest that tenascin in serum might be a marker substance for carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Molecular cloning of the gene for bilirubin oxidase from Myrothecium verrucaria and its expression in yeast.

Myrothecium verrucaria bilirubin oxidase (EC 1.3.3.5) is an enzyme catalyzing the oxidation of bilirubin to biliverdin and other substrates. We have purified bilirubin oxidase from the medium of M. verrucaria and determined its partial amino acid sequence and isolated cDNA fragment amplified by polymerase chain reaction using oligonucleotide primers designed on the basis of the partial amino acid sequence. The gene for bilirubin oxidase has been cloned from a genomic library using the cDNA fragment as a probe. The gene encodes a precursor of bilirubin oxidase consisting of 572 amino acid residues, which comprises the prepro-region of 38 amino acid residues and the mature enzyme of 534 amino acid residues containing one cysteine. Five introns were found within the coding region. Sequence comparison of bilirubin oxidase with other blue copper proteins (laccase, ascorbate oxidase, human ceruloplasmin, plastocyanin, and azurin) revealed the presence of four domains corresponding to potential copper ligands. We have expressed this bilirubin oxidase gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae under the repressible acid phosphatase promotor and found an active recombinant bilirubin oxidase, establishing the functional identity of the gene.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Molecular cloning and intrarenal localization of rat prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype.

A rat kidney cDNA library was screened with a mouse prostaglandin (PG) E2 receptor EP3 alpha subtype cDNA as a probe, and a 2.2-kilobase pair cDNA was isolated. The cDNA encodes 365 amino acids with 97.0% sequence identity to mouse EP3 alpha receptor. Specific binding of [3H]PGE2 was found in COS-7 cells transfected with the cDNA (Kd = 3.2nM) and was displaced with unlabeled prostaglandins in the order of PGE2 = PGE1 >> PGF2 alpha > PGD2. Thus, a cDNA for rat EP3 (rEP3) receptor was cloned. In situ hybridization revealed expression of rEP3 receptor principally in tubules of renal medulla. Consistent with this observation, the reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique using dissected nephron segments showed the receptor expression specifically in medullary thick ascending limbs of Henle's loop (mTAL), cortical TAL (cTAL), cortical collecting ducts (CCD) and inner medullary collecting ducts (IMCD), indicating a possible diuretic and natriuretic role of rEP3 receptor at the distal nephron segments.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

[Radiation therapy for carcinoma of vagina].

Thirty-four patients with carcinoma of the vagina were treated by radiotherapy at the Hyogo Medical Center for Adults between April 1965 and May 1990. All patients were treated with a combination of external and intracavitary or intestinal irradiation. Twenty-three patients had squamous cell carcinoma, five had adenocarcinoma and two had malignant melanoma. The five-year survival of patients with squamous cell carcinoma was 70% in Stage I (10 patients), 40% in Stage II (seven patients), 50% in Stage III (three patients) and 0% in Stage IV (three patients). Local control was achieved in 72.7% of the patients with squamous cell carcinoma and 60% of those with adenocarcinoma. However, neither of the malignant melanomas was controlled. Five patients had severe complications that required surgical treatment: severe proctitis and small-bowel perforation, ileus, rectal stenosis, vesicovaginal fistula and small-bowel perforation. Local and pelvic failure was noted in three patients. Patients with previous hysterectomy were more likely to develop serious treatment-related complications.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Molecular cloning and expression of a rat cDNA encoding MDCK-type chloride channel.

A cDNA encoding MDCK-type chloride channel was cloned from the rat kidney cDNA library using the homology screening approach. The deduced amino acid sequence of cloned cDNA has a 92.4% homology with the MDCK chloride channel, and electrophysiological analysis using Xenopus oocyte expression system showed the functional character of chloride channel. The rat kidney chloride channel, abbreviated RKCL, is not specific to the kidney, but widely expressed in various tissues. It is suggested that RKCL is important for most cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Arachidonic acid-selective cytosolic phospholipase A2 is crucial in the cytotoxic action of tumor necrosis factor.

The role of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in the cytotoxic action of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was examined. Recently, we described the characterization of TNF-resistant sublines isolated from TNF-sensitive cell line L929 (Hayakawa, M., Oku, N., Takagi, T., Hori, T., Shibamoto, S., Yamanaka, Y., Takeuchi, K., Tsujimoto, M., and Ito, F. (1991) Cell Struct. Funct. 16, 333-340). The most remarkable features of these TNF-resistant sublines were the defects in TNF-stimulated arachidonate metabolism. In this study, we characterized the PLA2 activities of these sublines and found a significant decrease in the activity in one of the TNF-resistant sublines, C12 cells. The enzymological features, such as Ca2+ requirement and substrate specificity, suggested that the high molecular weight arachidonoyl-selective cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2) was involved in the TNF action. Northern hybridization analysis demonstrated the reduced expression of high molecular weight cPLA2 in C12 cells. Furthermore, expression of a cloned cPLA2 cDNA in C12 cells increased the sensitivity of cells to the TNF cytotoxicity. These results indicate the crucial role of the high molecular weight cPLA2 in the TNF-induced cytolysis.

Animals↗