Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Takatsuka

Publications and source records attributed to K Takatsuka.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Spinal cord tumor appearing as unusual pain.

STUDY DESIGN: The authors report two cases of spinal cord tumors characterized by unusual pain, which is recurrent abdominal pain or cervical angina. METHODS: These unusual pains were improved after removal of tumors in the patients. CONCLUSIONS: The authors conclude that the pain was caused by vascular compression, bleeding in the tumor, or incomplete block of the cerebrospinal fluid flow. They recommend the use of osteoplastic laminectomy, because anatomic structure and spinal function should be preserved in young patients.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1994

[Clinical efficacy of arbekacin in patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections. Research Group of MRSA Forum].

We investigated the clinical efficacy of arbekacin (ABK) in patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections, and also studied coagulase types, beta-lactamase producing activity and drug sensitivity of MRSA isolated from various clinical specimens. A total of 23 patients with MRSA infections (13 cases of pneumonia, 1 case of sepsis, 1 case of pneumonia and sepsis and 8 cases of the others) who were hospitalized from April 1992 to September 1993 were enrolled in this study. They were 14 males and 9 females, and the mean age was 66.9 years (range, 18-91 years). All patients had underlying diseases (mainly malignant tumors and cerebrovascular diseases). ABK was given intravenously at doses ranging from 75 to 100 mg twice daily. The clinical efficacy rate was 90%; 8 cases showed excellent responses, 10 cases good, 1 case fair, 1 case poor and 3 cases were unevaluable. The eradication rate of MRSA was 81.8%; 16 cases were judged as eradicated, 3 cases decreased, 2 cases replaced, 1 case unchanged and in 1 case the bacteriological response was unknown. Side effects were not observed, but S-GPT was elevated in 1 case. Coagulase types of MRSA (123 strains) isolated at the institutes involved in the study were type II (56 strains), type IV (12 strains), type VII (13 strains) and other types (2 strains), but coagulase types of 40 strains could not be determined. Eighty-four strains (68.3%) produced beta-lactamases. MICs of ABK were 0.5 microgram/ml against 43 strains and 1 microgram/ml against 37 strains, and all of the MICs were under 4 micrograms/ml. In summary, ABK showed high antimicrobial activity against MRSA and clinical usefulness in the infections investigated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

A new bioactive glass--ceramic as a coating material on titanium alloy.

Apatite--wollastonite-containing glass--ceramic (A--W . GC) has a strong ability to bond to bone and relatively high mechanical strength. Therefore, as a bulk material it has recently been applied clinically even in load-bearing sites. In this study, we modified A--W . GC by altering its composition ratio with the removal of CaF 2 and the addition of B 2O 3, and examined the potential use of the resulting new glass--ceramic as a material for coating on a titanium (Ti) alloy. The bioactivity of this new coating (NC) material and its bonding ability to bone were investigated mechanically and histologically. After implantation of the Ti alloy plate coated with this material into the tibiae of rabbits for 2, 3, 4, 8, and 25 weeks, a detaching test was performed. The detaching failure load of the NC plates was compared with those of A--W . GC plates, hydroxyapatite (HA) plates, and uncoated Ti alloy plates implanted in the same way. The failure load of NC was as high as that of A--W . GC for all periods, whereas it was significantly higher at 3 and 4 weeks than that of HA. Uncoated Ti alloy showed lower failure loads for all periods, differing significantly from the other materials. There was no breakage or detachment of the coating layer observed after the detaching test. Histological examinations by CMR, Giemsa surface staining, and SEM-EPMA showed that NC bonded directly to bone without any intervening soft tissue layer. A calcium--phosphorus-rich layer (apatite layer) was observed within the coating layer, as is the case in A--W . GC. These results indicate that this new glass--ceramic has earlier bone-bonding ability and high mechanical strength, making it a promising coating material.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Staging pelvic lymphadenectomy for prostatic carcinoma].

Forty-two prostatic carcinoma patients with clinical stage A2, B or C underwent pelvic lymphadenectomy (limited node dissection) as a staging operation. The relationships among the presence of lymph node metastasis, tumor marker levels and histological findings of primary lesions were examined in 42 patients. Pelvic lymph node metastasis was noted in 18 (43%) of the 42 patients. The incidence of lymph node metastasis tended to be correlated with differentiation and Gleason's primary lesion sum. The preoperative PSA and PAP levels were significantly elevated in patients with positive lymph nodes for carcinoma than in those with negative lymph node for carcinoma. Patients with higher serum PSA (> or = 20 ng/ml) and PAP (> or = 10 ng/ml) levels were more frequently associated with lymph node metastasis. Thus, when serum PSA and PAP were markedly elevated before treatment in patients with prostatic carcinoma, they should be considered to have a potential of pelvic lymph node metastasis. Pelvic lymph node metastasis was observed in some cases even without high tumor marker levels, particularly those with poorly differentiated carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Dose finding study of sparfloxacin in single-dose therapy for female acute uncomplicated cystitis].

Sparfloxacin (SPFX) is a new quinolone compound with a long half-life of 16 hours and a potent antibacterial activity (MIC90: < or = 0.025 micrograms/ml against Escherichia coli), suggesting that the agent can be effectively used in single-dose therapy for acute uncomplicated cystitis in female patients. To find the optimum dose, the present dose-finding study was conducted. A dose of either 100 mg or 200 mg of SPFX was selected by the double-blind method, and was administered only once (single dose therapy). The clinical efficacy was judged on day 3, 7 and 14 after administration. On day 3, of the 49 pts. in the 100 mg-group, the efficacy rate was 95.9% (excellent rate: 79.6%), and of the 42 pts. in the 200 mg-group, it was 100% (excellent rate: 88.1%). On day 7, of 38 pts. in the 100 mg-group, it was 94.7% (excellent rate: 78.9%), and of 28 pts. in the 200 mg-group, it was 100% (excellent rate: 92.9%). On day 14, of 27 pts. in the 100 mg-group, it was 92.6% (excellent rate: 66.7%), and of 26 in the 200 mg-group, it was 96.2% (excellent rate: 84.6%). Recurrence was observed in 4.8% (1/21) in the 200 mg-group. Therefore, there was no significant difference in the efficacy rate between the two groups, but the rate of excellent responses was higher in the 200 mg-group. Otherwise, the efficacy was estimated to be insufficient in 3 pts. and recurrent in 1 pt. they were examined the findings of detailed urological intractableness. Among 2 pts. in whom the external genitalia and urethra were closely examined, a urethral caruncle was noted in 1 pt. The results of our study indicate that 200 mg of SPFX is recommended as a single dose therapy for acute uncomplicated cystitis in females.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Studies on incidental carcinoma of the prostate].

We reviewed 157 patients retrospectively with incidental carcinoma of the prostate who had been treated at our collaborating hospitals during the past ten years. Of 5212 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who received subcapsular prostatectomy or transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P), 157 (3.0%) were diagnosed as having an incidental carcinoma of the prostate, which was somewhat lower than that in previously published reports. Of these, 30 and 127 patients were in stage A1 and A2, respectively. Well, moderately and poorly differentiated carcinomas were found in 44.6%, 36.7% and 18.5% of the patients, respectively. The incidence of poorly differentiated carcinoma in the study seemed to be higher than that in the previous reports. A positive correlation was identified in TUR-P specimens between the carcinoma differentiation and its extension which was evaluated by cancer-positive chip ratio. Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and intraductal dysplasia were identified in 36.9% and 85.3% of the patients with incidental carcinoma, respectively. These incidences tended to become lower as the carcinoma became less differentiated or more extended. Further studies will be necessary to define the significance of these pathological findings as a direct biological precursor of prostatic carcinoma. Six out of the 157 patients with incidental carcinoma showed a progression during the follow-up period. All of these patients were in stage A2 and all but one showed a histology of moderately or poorly differentiated carcinoma at the time of diagnosis. Radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy as well as endocrine therapy should be considered as treatment modalities for stage A2 patients, when staging lymphadenectomy shows no pelvic lymph node metastasis.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical efficacy of oxendolene (antiandrogen) and bunazosin hydrochloride (alpha-adrenergic blocker) in the treatment of prostatism--comparative study of oxendolone, bunazocin hydrochloride and their combination].

Antiandrogen and alpha-adrenergic blockers have recently been tried in the medical treatment for benign prostatic hypertrophy and bladder neck contracture. We herein report our results of a randomized comparative study on the clinical efficacy of oxendolone, bunazosin hydrochloride (bunazosin) and their combination for the treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy and bladder neck contracture. The attending doctors evaluated at twelve weeks the improvement rate for three treatment regimens, 400 mg/day oxendolone, 3 mg/day bunazosin and a combination of both. Oxendolone + bunazosin showed the highest improvement rate in the evaluation of each subjective symptom and objective finding and of both. Oxendolone + bunazosin tended to show a better clinical efficacy than the other of these regimens, when the improvement was defined as that with more than one degree in the severity of retarded voiding, prolonged voiding, urinary stream condition, abdominal pressure on voiding and residual urine sensation. The improvement of such subjective symptoms seemed to occur earlier with oxendolone + bunazosin or bunazosin than with oxendolone. A significant difference was shown among the three treatment regimens in the general improvement rate on four subjective symptoms, with oxendolone + bunazosin being the highest followed by bunazosin and oxendolone in this order. The improvement rates of maximum and mean flow rate which are most important parameters to evaluate the voiding condition, at twelve weeks were significantly higher with oxendolone + bunazosin. No serious side effects were observed in this study, although treatment regimens containing bunazosin caused some minor side effects. These side effects could be prevented by the use of initial low doses of bunazosin with a subsequent gradual increment up to 3 mg/day. Taking the differences in the mechanism of oxendolone and bunazosin and the results of our study into consideration, we believe that the combination of oxendolone and bunazosin would be more useful in a clinical situation.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical research on prevention of recurrence of superficial bladder cancer--comparative study on clinical efficacy of bleomycin intravesical instillation and bestatin].

Objectives and methods of the study: Although superficial bladder carcinoma can be surgically eliminated by TUR, recurrence is common. Various attempts have been made to prevent recurrence, but to date an excellent prophylactic method with few adverse reactions has not been established. We conducted a clinical trial study for prophylaxis of bladder carcinoma recurrence, using intravesical instillation of bleomycin, a drug which cause little local irritation, in combination with bestatin, a recently developed immunomodulator. Bleomycin was selected on the bases of experimental results. That is, in beagle dogs, the 1-hour intravesical instillation of bleomycin gained a drug concentration in the bladder wall of 2.08 micrograms/g, which is approximately 4 times higher than that in the intravenous administration of the same dose. The above bleomycin concentration was thought enough to obtain a good clinical effect. A total of 124 patients were randomly divided into the two treatment groups: An only bleomycin intravesical instillation group (60 mg on each treatment day) (58 patients) and a bleomycin with bestatin (60 mg per every day) group (66 patients). In the 2-year follow-up period the recurrence of bladder carcinoma in the two treatment groups was studied. Analysis of non-recurrence rate by life-table method and Kaplan-Meier method: The non-recurrence rate of the bladder carcinoma every three months was calculated by the life-table and Kaplan-Meier methods. The non-recurrence rate in the bleomycin group was approximately the same as the rates in adriamycin or mitomycin reported in the literature. In the bleomycin + bestatin group, the recurrence rates at 9 months and 12 months were significantly (at P = 0.09 and P = 0.08, respectively) lower, and in addition, even the 2-year overall non-recurrence rate curves showed a nearly significant difference (P = 0.179). Especially in the case of papillary pedunculated tumors, the difference in the non-recurrence rate curves was almost statistically significant (P = 0.104). The stratified analysis on the basis of various tumor factors, were as follows. Pathological grade: Although no differences were found in Grades 1 and 2, the bleomycin + bestatin group had a lower recurrence rate in Grade 3 cases (P = 0.1).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Effects of MT-141, a new cephamycin antibiotic, on acute urinary tract infections.

The bacteriological efficacy of MT-141, a new cephamycin antibiotic, was compared with that of cefotaxime and latamoxef in women with acute simple urinary tract infections, to assess the rapid bactericidal properties of MT-141. MT-141 was less active in terms of its MICs than cefotaxime or latamoxef against the clinical isolates, but MT-141 brought about higher rates of decrease in bacterial counts than cefotaxime or latamoxef within the first hour after injection.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Comparison of rapid bacteriological response to MT-141 and latamoxef in complicated urinary tract infections.

To assess the rapid bactericidal properties of MT-141, a new cephamycin antibiotic, bacteriological response to MT-141 and latamoxef was compared in complicated urinary tract infections. Although MT-141 was less potent in terms of its MICs than latamoxef against bacterial isolates and was eliminated more slowly than latamoxef from the kidney, MT-141 gave a greater rate of decrease in urinary bacterial counts than latamoxef 6 hours after administration.

Adult↗