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Biomedical subjects

K Takase

Publications and source records attributed to K Takase.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Growth of Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis in egg yolks from highly immunized hens.

This experiment was conducted to ascertain whether the growth of Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) or Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) would be suppressed in the presence of antibodies contained in egg yolks. Specific pathogen-free chickens (102 days of age) were subcutaneously immunized with oil-adjuvanted bacterin of SE or ST, twice within a four-week interval. During 160 to 170 days of age, eggs were collected, the yolks were removed and mixed with an equal volume of physiological buffered saline, inoculated with ten colony forming units (CFU) of SE or ST, and incubated at 37 degrees C or 20 degrees C for 23 hr. The growth of organisms in each yolk solution was examined. The egg yolk derived from non-immunized hens was examined in the same manner as the controls. There was no difference in the growth titer between the antibody-positive yolk and the negative yolk. The result suggests that the antibodies in the yolk do not influence the growth of each organism, even if the hens are highly immunized.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Apoptotic cell death of renal tubules in experimental severe acute pancreatitis.

BACKGROUND: Recently renal cell apoptosis has been reported in various disorders that result in renal failure. Thus we hypothesized that renal cell injury resulting from apoptosis is involved in renal failure with severe acute pancreatitis. METHODS: Renal cell apoptosis in kidneys harvested from rats with necrotizing pancreatitis was evaluated by in situ nick-end labeling. Ascitic fluid that had been collected 6 hours after development of pancreatitis was injected into the peritoneal cavities of healthy rats, and renal apoptosis was also evaluated. The apoptosis-inducing activity of the ascitic fluid was estimated in vitro with use of isolated rat renal tubules and the normal rat kidney cell line NRK52E by nuclear staining, cell cycle analysis, and DNA electrophoresis. RESULTS: Apoptosis was detected by in situ nick-end labeling on the renal tubules 6 hours after induction of pancreatitis in vivo. Similar tubular apoptosis was detected in the rats that had intraperitoneal injection of the ascitic fluid. In in vitro analyses the ascitic fluid induced nuclear and DNA fragmentation on the isolated renal tubules and promoted apoptosis on NRK52E cells in a time-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS: Apoptotic cell death of renal tubules occurs in severe acute pancreatitis within several hours and is possibly involved in the mechanism of renal failure through undefined substance(s) in the ascitic fluid associated with pancreatitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Computerized tomography nephroscopic images of renal pelvic carcinoma.

PURPOSE: Computerized tomography (CT) endoscopy is an interactive 3-dimensional image acquired by helical CT. We assess the usefulness of CT nephroscopy in the diagnosis of renal pelvic cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Surface rendering CT nephroscopy was performed after intravenous administration of contrast agent and furosemide in 32 patients with suspected renal pelvic carcinoma. Retrospective review revealed that 23 patients later underwent nephroureterectomy. Two observers blinded to the pathology results independently reviewed the CT nephroscopic and axial CT images of the 23 patients to localize pelvic tumors and to determine the extent of the disease. The CT nephroscopic and axial CT images were correlated with the pathological findings. RESULTS: Pathological examination revealed 4 polypoid, 6 pedunculated, 7 sessile, 1 sessile with ulceration and 6 infiltrating renal pelvic carcinomas in the 23 patients. CT nephroscopy revealed 22 carcinomas (92%) and CT demonstrated 20 (83%). CT nephroscopy was superior to axial CT in detecting 4 pedunculated and 3 infiltrating carcinomas but failed to detect 1 sessile carcinoma which completely replaced the upper portion of a double renal pelvis and 1 polypoid tumor associated with infiltrating carcinoma. The CT nephroscopic images correlated well with pathological findings. CONCLUSIONS: CT nephroscopy is useful to visualize the complex morphology of renal pelvic carcinomas noninvasively and is superior to axial CT for the detection of infiltrating and pedunculated carcinomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Paragonimiasis Miyazakii with variable X-ray shadows].

A 77-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with hemoptysis and weight loss. She had eaten 15 raw freshwater crabs about 5 months before the onset of her clinical symptoms. Chest X-ray films obtained on the first admission showed left pleural effusion. After 1 week of chemotherapy with SBTPC, the pleural effusion disappeared. Two months later, the patient was re-admitted with recurrent hemoptysis. Chest X-ray films showed a solitary nodular lesion in the right lung. Eosinophilia and increased serum IgE levels were detected. The solitary nodular lesion moved from the middle to upper field of the right lung during the patient's 3-week stay in the hospital. Serologic tests yielded a conclusive diagnosis of Paragonimiasis miyazakii infection. Praziquantel administration relieved the patient's symptoms.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Reactions of denatured proteins with other cellular components to form insoluble aggregates and protection by lactoferrin.

Elucidation of the mechanism of formation of insoluble protein aggregates is essential to resolve problems such as protein folding diseases. In this study the effects of various types of biomolecules on the aggregation of denatured proteins were investigated. Denatured alpha-lactalbumin, an acidic protein, was found to be precipitated by lactoferricin, a basic peptide derived from lactoferrin. Denatured lysozyme, a basic protein, by itself showed aggregation, which was promoted by addition of native alpha-lactalbumin. Heparin and nucleic acids caused almost instant aggregation of denatured lysozyme. Native lactoferricin was also found to aggregate with heparin or nucleic acids. The results show that denatured/misfolded proteins as well as peptides are highly reactive with other cellular components to form insoluble aggregates and suggest a possible mechanism by which protein folding diseases progress. Most of the above aggregation reactions were inhibited by lactoferrin, which could form soluble complexes with denatured alpha-lactalbumin, heparin, and nucleic acids.

Heparin↗
PubMed1998

Molecular cloning of pTAC12 an alternative splicing product of the CD3gamma chain as a component of the pre-T cell antigen-receptor complex.

We have reported that a 12-kDa molecule (pTAC12 as a pre-T cell receptor (TCR)-associated chain) was associated as a dimer with the pre-TCR complex as well as the clonotype-independent CD3 complex on the cell surface of immature thymocytes. We now report by protein sequencing and molecular cloning that pTAC12 is an alternatively spliced product of the CD3gamma chain lacking exon 4 containing the transmembrane region. The transcript of pTAC12 is expressed in most T cell lineages and parallels the expression of CD3gamma. However, the pTAC12 protein is expressed on the cell surface of immature thymocytes but not mature T cells, despite the fact that mature T cells express a low level of pTAC12 in association with the TCR complex within the cells. These results indicate that pTAC12 may play a special role for the transport/expression and assembly of the pre-TCR.CD3 complex as well as the clonotype-independent CD3 complex in immature thymocytes.

Alternative Splicing↗
PubMed1998

Crystal structure of a catalytic-site mutant alpha-amylase from Bacillus subtilis complexed with maltopentaose.

The X-ray crystal structure of a catalytic-site mutant EQ208 [Glu208-->Gln] of alpha-amylase from Bacillus subtilis cocrystallized with maltopentaose (G5) and acarbose has been determined by multiple isomorphous replacement at 2.5 A resolution. Restrained crystallographic refinement has resulted in an R-factor of 19.8% in the 7.0 to 2.5 A resolution range. EQ208 consists of three domains containing a (beta/alpha)8-barrel as observed in other alpha-amylases. Clear connected density corresponding to a pentasaccharide was observed, which was considered as the G5 molecule based on the high affinity of EQ208 for G5 that could replace pre-bound acarbose or a possible transglycosylation product of acarbose. The conformation around the third alpha-(1,4)-glucosidic bond makes a sharp turn, allowing the substrate to fit into the L-shaped cleft. Aromatic residues build the walls of the substrate binding cleft and leucine residues form the inner curvature of the cleft. The amide nitrogen of Gln208 forms a hydrogen bond with the glucosidic oxygen in the scissile bond between Glc3 and Glc4 (Glc1 is the non-reducing end glucose residue of the substrate). This hydrogen-bonding manner may correspond to that of the protonated state of Glu208 in the initial kinetic complex between wild-type enzyme and substrate. The amide oxygen of Gln208 is anchored by two hydrogen bonds with Ala177 and a water molecule, assisting to make the amide proton point precisely to the place of the catalytic attack. The carboxyl oxygen atoms of the other catalytic-site residues Asp176 and Asp269 form hydrogen bonds with the oxygen atoms of Glc3. The carboxyl group of Asp176 has non-bonded contacts to the anomeric carbon atom and to the endocyclic oxygen atom of Glc3. These results suggest that Glu208 acts as a general acid and Asp176 as a general base. Glc3 forms seven hydrogen bonds with the surrounding protein groups and a stacking interaction with Tyr62, which is consistent with the fact that Glc3 has the lowest mean thermal factor of 13.2 A2 among the five sugar residues. Three calcium ions are found, one of which is positioned near the substrate binding site as found in other alpha-amylases and could contribute to stabilization of the structure of the active site.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

Expression of human alpha-lactalbumin in transgenic tobacco.

alphaLA-Lactalbumin (alphaLA), a major milk protein, is the regulatory subunit of lactose synthase. To assess the production of recombinant alphaLA in plants, the cDNAs for human alphaLA with or without its own signal sequence were introduced into tobacco plants under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. The gene integration and expression at the mRNA level were confirmed in several regenerated plants, while the expression at the protein level could be confirmed only in a transgenic tobacco transformed with the gene containing the signal sequence. The tobacco-expressed alphaLA migrated in SDS-PAGE with identical mobility to alphaLA prepared from human milk, indicating that the signal peptide of human alphaLA was correctly processed to yield a mature protein in tobacco plants. The expressed alphaLA (ca. 5 microg/g of fresh leaves) was found in the soluble fraction and eluted from a DEAE-Sepharose column in the same salt concentration range as the milk alphaLA. The partially purified tobacco-alphaLA was fully active in the synthesis of lactose when combined with galactosyltransferase. Thus, the transgenic tobacco produces a fully active mature alphaLA in a soluble form.

Cloning, Molecular↗
PubMed1998

Prolonged sevoflurane, isoflurane and halothane anaesthesia in oxygen using rebreathing or non-rebreathing system in cats.

Effects of prolonged sevoflurane, isoflurane and halothane anaesthesia in oxygen on clinical, cardiopulmonary, haematologic, and serum biochemical findings were compared in healthy, premedicated cats breathing spontaneously during 6 h of anaesthesia using rebreathing (semi-closed circuit) or non-rebreathing (Bain coaxial circuit) system. Recovery from anaesthesia with sevoflurane was more rapid than that with halothane or isoflurane in both systems. Respiration and heart rates during sevoflurane anaesthesia were similar to those during isoflurane rather than halothane anaesthesia in both systems. The degree of respiratory acidosis during prolonged sevoflurane anaesthesia was similar to that during isoflurane anaesthesia, and was less than that during halothane anaesthesia in both rebreathing and non-rebreathing systems. Prolonged sevoflurane anaesthesia induced mean arterial pressure similar to isoflurane or halothane anaesthesia in the non-rebreathing system, but it depressed mean arterial pressure less than isoflurane or halothane anaesthesia in the rebreathing system. Time related increase in the arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure was observed during halothane anaesthesia especially in the rebreathing system, however, no significant time-related changes in cardiopulmonary variables were observed during either sevoflurane or isoflurane anaesthesia in both systems. There were no significant differences among sevoflurane, isoflurane and halothane anaesthesia in serum biochemical values in both systems.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1998

Sequencing and characterization of the xyl operon of a gram-positive bacterium, Tetragenococcus halophila.

The xyl operon of a gram-positive bacterium, Tetragenococcus halophila (previously called Pediococcus halophilus), was cloned and sequenced. The DNA was about 7.7 kb long and contained genes for a ribose binding protein and part of a ribose transporter, xylR (a putative regulatory gene), and the xyl operon, along with its regulatory region and transcription termination signal, in this order. The DNA was AT rich, the GC content being 35.8%, consistent with the GC content of this gram-positive bacterium. The xyl operon consisted of three genes, xylA, encoding a xylose isomerase, xylB, encoding a xylulose kinase, and xylE, encoding a xylose transporter, with predicted molecular weights of 49,400, 56,400, and 51,600, respectively. The deduced amino acid sequences of the XylR, XylA, XylB, and XylE proteins were similar to those of the corresponding proteins in other gram-positive and -negative bacteria, the similarities being 37 to 64%. Each polypeptide of XylB and XylE was expressed functionally in Escherichia coli. XylE transported D-xylose in a sodium ion-dependent manner, suggesting that it is the first described xylose/Na+ symporter. The XylR protein contained a consensus sequence for binding catabolites of glucose, such as glucose-6-phosphate, which has been discovered in glucose and fructose kinases in bacteria. Correspondingly, the regulatory region of this operon contained a putative binding site of XylR with a palindromic structure. Furthermore, it contained a consensus sequence, CRE (catabolite-responsive element), for binding CcpA (catabolite control protein A). We speculate that the transcriptional regulation of this operon resembles the regulation of catabolite-repressible operons such as the amy, lev, xyl, and gnt operons in various gram-positive bacteria. We discuss the significance of the regulation of gene expression of this operon in T. halophila.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

The circadian variation of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in clinically healthy cats.

The circadian variation of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG, EC 3.2.1.30) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP, EC 2.3.2.2) was evaluated in cats. Urine and blood were collected at 4-hr intervals from adult cats (3 males, 9 females) weighing between 2.6 and 5.0 kg. There was no circadian variation in the urine volume, creatinine clearance, creatinine excretion, NAG excretion or gamma-GTP excretion. The average NAG and gamma-GTP indices in the 4-hr urine were similar to those for the 24-hr urine. However, the variance for the 4-hr urine samples was higher than that of 24-hr urine. In conclusion, although 4-hr urine samples can be used to estimate 24-hr urinary enzyme excretion, short-term spot urine samples may cause increased variation in the enzyme index.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1998

Relationship of the blood endotoxin concentration and prognosis in dogs with pyometra.

The blood concentrations of endotoxin in dogs with pyometra (n = 45) were compared with those in healthy dogs (n = 17). The blood endotoxin concentrations in the healthy dogs (n = 17), in those with good prognosis (n = 41) and those with poor prognosis (n = 4) were 3.4 +/- 2.8 pg/ml, 9.5 +/- 11.3 pg/ml and 74.2 +/- 18.3 pg/ml, respectively. The concentrations in the dogs with good prognosis and poor prognosis were significantly (p < 0.01) higher than those in the healthy dogs. The dogs with poor prognosis had significantly (p < 0.01) higher endotoxin concentrations than those with good prognosis. Blood endotoxin concentrations were measured in 9 dogs after surgery, and were found to be decreased. These results suggest the possible involvement of endotoxin in the pathophysiological changes due to pyometra in dogs, and also that the blood endotoxin concentration could be used as a marker to determine prognosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Canine mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the ribs.

The tumor of the thoracic cavity, which arose from the ribs, was diagnosed as mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. No distant metastasis was observed. Histologically, the tumor was characterized by the nests of well-defined cartilaginous tissue within a proliferation of primitive mesenchymal cells. Additionally, the deformed blood vessels compressed by the proliferating mesenchymal cells exhibited clear stag-horn appearance. Immunohistochemically, most neoplastic cells that formed multifocal cartilaginous islands were positive for S-100 protein, while the surrounding mesenchymal cells were negative. This is the first report of canine mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the ribs.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Analysis of the prognostic factor in the patients with locally invasive bladder cancer who underwent total cystectomy].

OBJECTIVES: Prognosis and related factors were analysed as for the patients with locally invasive bladder cancer who underwent total cystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection. METHODS: Between January 1977 and December 1996, a hundred and one patients with locally invasive bladder cancer underwent total cystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection at University Hospital. Survival rates of these patients were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and statistical significances were analysed by univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: Most significant factor was PS at cystectomy and pN was next. Survival rate of the patients who underwent total cystectomy after 1988 showed significantly better than others. Thirteen patients achieved complete response by preoperative therapy. But, two of them who had positive nodes were died by cancer. CONCLUSION: Considering from these results, performance status at cystectomy and lymph node metastasis are predictable prognostic factor for locally invasive bladder cancer patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Flow cytometric analysis of IL-6 receptors on peripheral lymphocytes in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis.

Interleukin-6 receptors (IL-6R) and interleukin-1 receptors (IL-1R) on lymphocyte surfaces were analyzed, using flow cytometry and dye-labeled IL-6 and IL-1 beta, to examine the clinical and immunological significance of these receptors. Incubation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the presence of mitogen resulted in a remarkable increase of lymphocytes expressing the IL-6 and IL-1 beta receptors on the cell surface. The increase in lymphocytes bearing these cytokine receptors may reflect an increase in stimulated lymphocytes. When peripheral blood from patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) was examined for these receptors, the percentage of IL-6R positive cells was significantly higher in the patients than in healthy controls (P < 0.01). The increase in IL-6R positive cells was only significant for the T lymphocyte fraction (P < 0.01). No significant change in IL-1R was observed. There was a significant positive correlation between the percentage of IL-6R positive T lymphocytes and the titer of antimitochondrial antibody in patients with PBC. These findings concerning IL-6R may be noteworthy elucidating autoimmune etiological features of PBC.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Long-term survival of bladder preservation therapy with radiation and chemotherapy for locally invasive bladder cancer].

The prognoses and prognostic factors of the 54 patients with locally invasive bladder cancer who underwent bladder preservation therapy at Yokohama City University Hospital between 1977 and 1995 were analyzed statistically. The therapeutic modalities of bladder preservation were mainly radiation or chemotherapy. The prognosis for the patients who underwent bladder preservation therapy was worse than that for the patients who underwent total cystectomy. The prognostic factors of these patients were size and grade of tumor, presence of hydronephrosis and performance status (PS) of the patients by univariate analysis. Tumor grade was the most predictable prognostic factor using multivariate analysis. Only 17 patients survived more than 5 years after treatment; 78% of the survivors had good PS (0 or 1). Five of them died of cancer and two patients were alive with cancer. All of them had G3 tumors. These results suggest that patients with locally invasive G2 tumor could be candidates for bladder preservation therapy and patients who underwent bladder preservation therapy should be evaluated at 10 years post-therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Anesthetic potency and cardiopulmonary effects of sevoflurane in goats: comparison with isoflurane and halothane.

The anesthetic potency and cardiopulmonary effects of sevoflurane were compared with those of isoflurane and halothane in goats. The (mean +/- SD) minimal alveolar concentration (MAC) was 0.96 +/- 0.12% for halothane, 1.29 +/- 0.11% for isoflurane, and 2.33 +/- 0.15% for sevoflurane. Cardiopulmonary effects of sevoflurane, halothane and isoflurane were examined at end-tidal concentrations equivalent to 1, 1.5 and 2 MAC during either spontaneous or controlled ventilation (SV or CV). During SV, there were no significant differences in respiration rate, tidal volume and minute ventilation between anesthetics. Dose-dependent decreases in both tidal volume and minute ventilation induced by halothane were greater than those by either sevoflurane or isoflurane. Hypercapnia and acidosis induced by sevoflurane were not significantly different from those by either isoflurane or halothane at 1 and 1.5 MAC, but were less than those by halothane at 2 MAC. There was no significant difference in heart rate between anesthetics during SV and CV. During SV, all anesthetics induced dose-dependent decreases in arterial pressure, rate pressure product, systemic vascular resistance, left ventricular minute work index and left ventricular stroke work index. Systemic vascular resistance with isoflurane at 2 MAC was lower than that with sevoflurane. During CV, sevoflurane induced dose-dependent circulatory depression (decreases in arterial pressure, cardiac index, rate pressure product, systemic vascular resistance, left ventricular minute work index and right ventricular minute work index), similar to isoflurane. Halothane did not significantly alter systemic vascular resistance from 1 to 2 MAC.

Anesthetics, Inhalation↗