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Biomedical subjects

K Takai

Publications and source records attributed to K Takai.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Long-term survival of stage D2 prostatic carcinoma patient treated with total cysto-prostatectomy: a case report].

A 52-year-old male was admitted to this hospital as stage D2 prostatic carcinoma. He had been previously treated with transurethral resection of prostate and hormonal therapy. Rectal examination revealed the prostate bigger than a hen-egg with stony-hard nodules. Both whole body bone X-ray and bone scintigram showed multiple bone metastasis. Total cysto-prostatectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection were performed because the patient was relatively young, was in good general status and the tumor was not sensitive to hormonal therapy. In addition, he was expected to have obstructive uropathy soon and the reported results of radiotherapy for local control of advanced prostate cancer were unsatisfactory. He was followed by bone X-ray and bone scintigram every six months. Osteoplastic area diminished in size and hot lesions in bone scintigram disappeared gradually. The patient is very active in his daily life without evidence of local recurrence or new metastasis more than seven years after operation. The validity of mass reduction surgery for hormone-resistant stage D2 prostatic carcinoma is discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Morphological differentiation in Anopheles maculatus of Thailand accompanied with genetical divergence assessed by hybridization.

Anopheles maculatus of Thailand were distinguished morphologically into densely and sparsely scaled types and cross-mating experiments between these types revealed a substantial amount of genetic divergence. Progeny of wild females of An. maculatus collected throughout Thailand from north to south were examined morphologically with respect to adult tergal pale scales. Northern progeny broods could be separated into densely scaled (willmori) and sparsely scaled (maculatus) types, or W and M types, respectively. Using these two types of An. maculatus from Chiang Rai and Nakhon Phanom, cross-mating experiments were conducted, which resulted in sterile F1 male hybrids in one direction of cross and very low survival rate of F1 male hybrids in the reciprocal cross. However, southern broods could not be separated clearly because of intergradation of scaling. These results indicate that Thai An. maculatus involves at least 2 forms differentiated morphologically, as well as by incomplete reproductive isolation.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Coexistence of papillary and nodular carcinomas in the urinary bladder.

Of 203 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder which had been cystectomized and examined by step-sectioning during the period between 1969 and 1986, 33 had coexistent papillary, papillonodular and/or nodular carcinomas in the bladder. Of them, 12 (36%) had a history of papillary carcinomas, 26 (79%) had multiple tumors and 22 (67%) had a concomitant carcinoma in situ, and/or mucosal dysplasia. Moreover, microscopic papillary structures were identified in 32 out of the 33 (97%) cases with papillonodular and/or nodular carcinomas, indicating some of the nodular invasive carcinomas in the bladder to have developed from papillary carcinomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Interferon enhances tryptophan metabolism by inducing pulmonary indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase: its possible occurrence in cancer patients.

Human lungs bearing cancer (n = 27) exhibited up to an approximately 20-fold [on average approximately 5-fold (P less than 0.005)] increase in the enzyme activity that degrades tryptophan to form formylkynurenine, in comparison with lungs with benign lesions (blebs) (n = 7) taken as controls. On the basis of molecular and kinetic properties, this activity was ascribed to indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) [indoleamine:oxygen 2,3-oxidoreductase (decyclizing)]. In vitro studies with human lung slices revealed that human interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) induced the de novo synthesis of IDO dose dependently (10-10(4) units/ml), and at maximum the activity reached nearly 100 times that in the control lungs described above. Human IFN-alpha also served as an inducer, but it was two to three orders of magnitude less potent than IFN-gamma relative to the antiviral titers, suggesting that IFN-gamma is the main mediator of the IDO induction. IDO thus induced in slices avidly metabolized tryptophan in situ: Upon a 24-hr incubation of lung slices pretreated with varied doses of IFN-gamma (10-10(3) units/ml), up to 96% of the tryptophan in the slices was depleted and up to 70% of the tryptophan in the medium was converted, mainly to formylkynurenine, kynurenine, or both. The foregoing results suggest that an IFN-mediated induction of IDO also takes place in vivo in human lungs as a response to cancer, leading to metabolic consequences such as depletion of tryptophan and accumulation of (formyl)kynurenine, which may provide a unique host defense mechanism.

Cycloheximide↗
PubMed1986

[Arteritis and fatty degeneration of the spermatic cord resembling periarteritis nodosa: a case report].

A 23-year old male was admitted to our hospital because of swelling of the left scrotum for one month without any particular past history. Blood count, chemistry, urinalysis, chest X-ray and electrocardiogram revealed normal findings. Scrotal exploration was performed. A soft, dumbbell-like tumor enveloped in a thin membrane was found above the left testis. Pathology revealed fibrinous exudation and fibrinoid necrosis in the whole vessel wall indicating resemblance to the panarteritis in periarteritis nodosa. Some granulomatous lesions with many histiocytes were also noted around these arteries. The findings suggested that a inflammation like periarteritis nodosa had occurred at the spermatic cord and subsequently developed into fatty degeneration in the surroundings. Since local periarteritis nodosa-like lesion may progress to systematic disease, further observation is mandatory for this case.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Application of hyperthermia to the treatment of human acute leukemia: purging human leukemic progenitor cells by heat.

The application of hyperthermia to the treatment of neoplastic disease has focused on solid tumors. Since the hyperthermic sensitivity of human acute leukemia cells is not known, we have studied the in vitro response of human leukemic progenitor cells (L-CFU) to hyperthermia using a quantitative assay system for L-CFU. Human L-CFU were found to be more sensitive than committed normal myeloid progenitor cells to hyperthermic killing (41 to 42 degrees C). In addition, in the five acute myelogenous leukemic patients studied, it was shown that their leukemic progenitor cells--all types were studied according to the French-American-British diagnosis--were unable to form colonies when exposed to a temperature of 42 degrees C for 60 minutes, whereas the residual normal clones suppressed by the leukemic cell population were found to recover and to form more colonies in vitro as compared with untreated leukemic marrows. This strongly suggests that in vitro hyperthermia may selectively purge residual leukemic cells, especially L-CFU in stored remission bone marrow before autologous bone marrow transplantation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

[High performance liquid chromatographic determination of astromicin and cefsulodin used in combination in blood samples].

Aminoglycoside and beta-lactam antibiotics are often used in combination. This paper reports a high performance liquid chromatographic determination method for each of astromicin (ASTM) and cefsulodin (CFS) in blood samples of several species. The procedure for ASTM included purification with CM-Sephadex, separation on a reversed phase column (C-18) and derivatization with o-phthalaldehyde (OPA). The procedure for CFS included deproteinization with methanol, centrifugation, filtration and separation on a reversed phase column (C-18). Either of the drugs did not affect the determination of the other. The detection limits were 0.1 microgram/ml for ASTM and 0.5 microgram/ml for CFS. These sensitivities seem good enough for a clinical application of the method considering usual dosage levels of the drugs.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1986

[High performance liquid chromatographic determination of astromicin and cefoperazone used in combination in blood samples].

Combination therapy of aminoglycoside and beta-lactam antibiotics is often used clinically because of its effectiveness. This paper reports a high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) determination method for each of astromicin (ASTM) and cefoperazone (CPZ) in blood samples of several species. The procedure for ASTM included purification with CM-Sephadex, separation on a reversed phase column (C-18) and derivatization with o-phthalaldehyde (OPA). The procedure for CPZ included deproteinization with methanol, centrifugation and separation on a reversed phase column (C-18). Either of the drugs did not affect the determination of the other. The detection limits were 0.1 microgram/ml for ASTM and 0.5 microgram/ml for CPZ. These sensitivities seem good enough for a clinical application of the method considering usual dosage levels of the drugs.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1986

[High performance liquid chromatographic determination of astromicin and piperacillin used in combination in blood samples].

Aminoglycoside and beta-lactam antibiotics are often used in combination, and many synergistic effects have been reported. We describe here a high performance liquid chromatographic determination method for each of astromicin (ASTM) and piperacillin (PIPC) in blood samples of several species. The procedure for ASTM included purification with CM-Sephadex, separation on a reversed phase column (C-18) and derivatization with o-phthalaldehyde (OPA). The procedure for PIPC included deproteinization with acetonitrile, centrifugation and separation on a reversed phase column (C-18). Either of the drugs did not affect the determination of the other. The detection limits were 0.1 microgram/ml for ASTM and 0.5 microgram/ml for PIPC. These sensitivities seem good enough for a clinical application of the method considering usual dosage levels of these drugs.

Aminoglycosides↗