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Biomedical subjects

K Takagi

Publications and source records attributed to K Takagi.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Staurosporine and its derivatives enhance f-Met-Leu-Phe-induced superoxide production via phospholipase D activation in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Staurosporine (STAR) is one of the most potent inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC). It is known that in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), the phorbol ester-induced generation of superoxide anion (respiratory burst) is effectively inhibited by STAR in a dose-dependent manner, whereas superoxide generation induced by chemoattractants, e.g. n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) or PAF, is regulated biphasically by STAR. We compared the effects of STAR and K252a on FMLP-induced superoxide production from PMNs and examined the effects of propranolol, a inhibitor of phosphatidic acid (PA) phosphohydrolase, on the potentiation of the production by STAR. We also examined the effects of some derivatives of STAR and K252a on the production and the alteration of the effects induced by propranolol pretreatment. When PMNs were stimulated with FMLP, STAR potentiated superoxide production by 240.5 +/- 30.9% at a low concentration (100 nmol/l). Propranolol pretreatment specifically inhibited the potentiation. When phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) was used as a stimulant, STAR inhibited superoxide production dose-dependently and did not enhance the production. K252a inhibited PMA or FMLP-induced superoxide production dose-dependently and did not enhance FMLP-induced superoxide production. STAR derivatives showed potentiation of FMLP-induced superoxide production similar to that of STAR at concentrations ranging from 10-100 nmol/l, and propranolol (200 mumol/l) effectively inhibited it. K252a derivative NA332 did not show any potentiative effect on the production. PMA-induced superoxide production was inhibited by all compounds dose-dependently.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1994

Lack of effect of Chinese medicines on bioavailability of ofloxacin in healthy volunteers.

Recently, Chinese medicines have become available as OTC drugs and are frequently prescribed with Western medicine for the treatment of various chronic diseases. In this study, the effect of the Chinese medicines Sho-saiko-to (TJ-9), Rikkunshi-to (TJ-43) and Sairei-to (TJ-114) on the bioavailability of ofloxacin (OFLX) was investigated in seven volunteers in an open, random crossover fashion. Subjects received a single oral dose of OFLX (200 mg) alone and with coadministrations of each Chinese medicine, at one-week intervals. Plasma and urine samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. No significant differences in any estimated bioavailability parameters of OFLX were observed between the two phases. The urinary recovery of OFLX excreted within 24 h after the administration of OFLX alone, 80.6 +/- 3.9% (mean +/- SEM), was not significantly different from those after the coadministrations of the Chinese medicines (79.7 +/- 5.1% for TJ-9, 76.8 +/- 2.3% for TJ-43 and 80.3 +/- 5.3% for TJ-114), suggesting that there was no difference in the systemic availability of the four doses. These findings indicate that the Chinese medicines studied have no significant effect on the rate and extent of bioavailability of OFLX.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

The effect of splenomegaly on splanchnic hemodynamics in nonalcoholic cirrhosis after distal splenorenal shunt and splenopancreatic disconnection.

We investigated the effect of splenomegaly on portal hemodynamics during and after distal splenorenal shunt with splenopancreatic disconnection in 27 patients with nonalcoholic cirrhosis (13 with and 14 without splenic enlargement). Data were obtained by Doppler flowmetry, electromagnetic flowmetry and computed tomographical scanning. The splenomegaly group had a significantly higher preoperative splenic and portal blood flow than the nonsplenomegaly group. In both groups, postoperative portal venous pressure did not fall; portal blood flow significantly decreased while splenic volume was reduced, despite the lack of significant changes in splenic venous blood flow. There was a greater reduction of portal blood flow with previous splenomegaly than with normal-sized spleens, and this was not related to the degree of reduction in liver volume. In the splenomegaly group, the increase of splenic blood flow was only present during the early postoperative period. In conclusion, distal splenorenal shunt with splenopancreatic disconnection influenced portal hemodynamics differently in nonalcoholic cirrhotic patients with and without splenomegaly.

Female↗
PubMed1994

Stress-protecting effects of semi-rigid titanium alloy plates on osteotomized rabbit tibiae.

We have examined the stress-protecting effects of titanium alloy (Ti-6A1-4V) plates of various thicknesses on osteotomized rabbit tibiae. We used three kinds of plates: One had a load-deflection rate close to that of intact rabbit tibiae (Group A), the other two had rates of one-fourth (Group B) and one-eighth (Group C) that of intact rabbit tibiae. No mechanical failure in the plates was observed, and bone healing occurred by eight weeks after operation in every group. Bone mass at 24 weeks after operation showed significantly less reduction in Groups B and C than in Group A. In biomechanical tests at 24 weeks, maximum energy stored to the maximum load in Group C had recovered significantly more than that of Group A. These findings suggested that it is possible to make a semi-rigid metal plate without using composite materials.

Alloys↗
PubMed1994

[Thoracoscopic resection of mediastinal tumors].

Thoracoscopic surgery was performed in nine patients with benign mediastinal tumors: four neurogenic tumors, three bronchogenic cysts, a foregut cyst and a mature teratoma. Four cystic masses located in para-esophageal lesion in inferior mediastinum and four neurogenic tumors located in posterior mediastinum. A mature teratoma was adjacent to thymus in anterior mediastinum. Under general anesthesia with unilateral ventilation, the patients were turned in the lateral decubitus position and we tilt the operative table to allow gravity assistance for the displacement of the lung. A rigid telescope was inserted through a thracoport. Masses were resected using the dissecting scissors with electric cautery through two other thracoports. Thoracoscopic complete resections were performed in eight patients. In one case that was suspected of malignant tumor by preoperative evaluation, thoracoscopic tumor biopsy was performed and diagnosed as a benign neurogenic tumor during operation histopathologically. But it was resected by thoracotomy, because of its larger size (8 cm in diameter). The average operation time was 122 minutes ranging from 80 to 184 minutes in 8 patients with thoracoscopic resection. No patient has a complication resulting from the thoracoscopic surgery. The chest drainage tubes were removed on 1 or 2-POD in all cases and the average length of postoperative hospitalization was 5.3 days ranging from 4 to 9 days. The thoracoscopic resection for benign mediastinal tumors is minimally invasive and effective procedure compared with classical thoracotomy operation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Sleeve S6 segmentectomy for early bronchial squamous cell carcinoma--a case report].

A 60-year-old male complaining cough was referred to our hospital. His chest roentgenogram showed left hilar abnormal shadow and his sputum cytology was reported to be class V. Bronchoscopy revealed a squamous cell carcinoma of the orifice of the left B6. It suggested early hilar carcinoma with obstructive pneumonia. We performed sleeve segmentectomy of the S6 with bronchoplastic procedure. Bronchial wall invasion of squamous cell carcinoma was observed histologically and it was confirmed as early hilar lung cancer. His postoperative course was uneventful and no evidence of recurrence is observed 12 months after operation. Patency of the basal bronchus is excellent and his vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in one second are almost equal to preoperative values. In such early hilar lung cancer that occupied the orifice of the B6, the margin of oral side bronchus resected by sleeve S6 segmentectomy is almost same as by lower lobectomy. We believed that this procedure can be minimum invasive standard operation in such cases.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1994

[Successful preoperative intra-arterial chemotherapy and concurrent radiotherapy for recurrent chest wall malignant fibrous histiocytoma].

A case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of the chest wall is reported. A fifty-nine-year-old male admitted into our hospital suffering from a giant chest wall tumor that had recurred after three separate resections. Thrice preoperative intra-arterial infusions of ADR 50 mg/m2, CDDP 100 mg/m2 and ADR 50 mg/m2 were respectively administered along with 60 Gy of concurrent radiotherapy. After that, we widely resected the tumor, chest wall, clavicle, subclavian vein and part of the deltoid muscle. The defect of the chest wall was reconstructed with Marlex-Mesh and covered with a rectus abdominis muscle flap. No viable tumor cells were detected in the resected specimen. Aggressive preoperative chemoradiotherapy was very useful for the treatment of MFH in this case.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1994

[A case of simultaneous operation of recurrent aortic arch aneurysm and lung cancer].

A simultaneous operation was successfully performed on a 70-year-old man with recurrent aortic arch aneurysm and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Via a left thoracotomy, left lower lobectomy with lymph node resection was performed, and via the same incision, aneurysmectomy with graft replacement was performed under the hypothermic cerebral circulatory arrest. The patient was readmitted because of brain metastasis 10 months later, and died 11 months postoperatively. The present report suggests that selected cases of thoracic aortic aneurysm with malignant tumor are safely able to undergo simultaneous operations. This is the first report in Japan of aortic arch aneurysmectomy and lobectomy performed during the course of one operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[A case of coccidioidomycosis that was extirpated under thoracoscopy].

We report a case of coccidioidosis, which occurred in a 49-year-old Japanese man. He came back to Japan in 1994 after living in California in the U.S. for 2 years, and showed a round shadow in the left lower lung field on chest X-ray. A tumor was 1.4 cm in diameter and located in the left S8 showed by chest CT and the bronchography. It was extirpated under thoracoscopy. Histology of the tumor revealed chronic inflammation of the lung tissue, that contained a spherule of a diameter of 20-60 microns and endospores of a length of 2-6 microns. These structures were identified morphologically as coccidioides immitis. Only 3 cases of benign residual coccidioidal lesions have been reported in Japan including this case.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1994

[A case of interstitial pneumonia antedating rheumatoid arthritis--differentiation from idiopathic BOOP].

A 49-year-old female presented with productive cough, fever and chest pain, and was admitted to Nagoya University Hospital. Her chest X-rays, taken previously and on admission, showed infiltrative shadows in both upper lung fields and left-sided pleural effusion. Rheumatoid factors were positive in serum and the pleural effusion. Antibiotics were ineffective. Transbronchial lung biopsy revealed intraalveolar fibrosis as well as interstitial inflammation. Idiopathic BOOP was suspected on the basis of clinical findings together with the histological features. However, open lung biopsy revealed lymphoid hyperplasia with germinal center formation. The patient was diagnosed as having lung involvement antedating rheumatoid arthritis, despite the absence of joint symptoms at present.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗