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Biomedical subjects

K Tada

Publications and source records attributed to K Tada.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Induction of maturation in cultured human monocytic leukemia cells by a phorbol diester.

Suspension cultures of a human monocytic leukemia cell line, THP-1, were treated with 0.16 to 160 nM 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). In an original cell line, THP-1-O, cultured again from -80 degrees cryopreservation, more than 80% of the cells adhered to the glass substrate with marked morphological change within 3 hr of TPA treatment. Adherent cells became flat and amoeboid in shape, and many microvilli and flaps of the cell surface disappeared. Well-developed Golgi apparatus, rough endoplasmic reticula, and a large amount of free ribosomes were seen in the cytoplasm. On the other hand, in THP-1-R cells cultured continuously without cryopreservation for 26 months, approximately 80% of the cells adhered to the substrate 48 hr after TPA treatment. Round and ovoid shapes were kept in THP-1-R cells treated with TPA. Surface Fc receptors for immunoglobulin G were present on more than 90% of THP-1-O and THP-1-R cells and were little affected by treatment with TPA. Sixty to 70% of the TPA-treated THP-1-O and THP-1-R cells were able to phagocytize yeasts and immunoglobulin G-coated sheep erythrocytes. Less than 20% of the untreated THP-1 cells were able to phagocytize yeasts and immunoglobulin G-coated sheep erythrocytes. In histochemical staining, alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase was enhanced after treatment with TPA. Lysozyme activity in culture supernatants was not affected by TPA treatment. When exposed to latex beads and TPA, increased 14CO2 production from [1-14C]glucose in THP-1-O cells was observed. These results indicate that, after treatment with TPA, human monocytic leukemia cells may be converted into mature cells with functions of macrophages.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1982

Hyperphenylalaninemia due to dihydropteridine reductase deficiency: diagnosis by enzyme assays on dried blood spots.

Enzymatic diagnosis of hyperphenylalaninemia due to a deficiency of dihydropteridine reductase (DHPR) has previously been made by assay on liver biopsy samples, cultured skin fibroblasts, cultured lymphoid cell lines, or peripheral leukocytes. These procedures have some disadvantages for the purpose of early diagnosis of the disease. A simple method of DHPR assay using erythrocytes or dried blood spots on filter papers is described. The mean DHPR activity erythrocytes of control subjects was 3.20 +/- 0.70 (SD) nmoles/min/mg of hemoglobin, those of two patients were undetectable, and those of obligate heterozygotes for DHPR deficiency were approximately 50% of the mean control value. The assay on erythrocytes required only a 5-microliters volume of whole blood for one test. The DHPR activities in dried blood spots on filter papers from 100 normal newborns were 5.77 +/- 1.16 nmoles/min per 5-mm diameter disc; those from normal older infants, children, and adults were 3.37 +/- 0.72 nmoles/min per disc; and those from two adolescent patients with DHPR deficiency were undetectable. No false-positive results were obtained. The stability of DHPR in dried blood on filter papers was enough to mail samples in an ordinary form to a specialist laboratory. The DHPR assay on erythrocytes of dried blood spots can be easily applied to all newborn infants with hyperphenylalaninemia detected using the Guthrie tests, and will facilitate the quick and confirmative detection of DHPR deficiency among them.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Mirror hand anomaly: reconstruction of the thumb, wrist, forearm, and elbow.

Surgical procedures and the results of reconstruction of the mirror hand anomaly are presented. The thumb was reconstructed by pollicization of the radial third finger and multiple muscle transfer. The function of wrist, forearm, and elbow improved with arthroplasty of the affected joints. The results of the follow-up are satisfactory. We believe that surgical treatment of the mirror hand should be started in early life.

Arm↗
PubMed1982

[Clinical use of amikacin sulfate in the treatment of bacterial infections and prevention of postoperative infections in the orthopedic field].

Investigation was made on the effectiveness and safety of amikacin (AMK) in the treatment of bacterial infections and prevention of postoperative infections in the orthopedic field. The details of 14 infectious patients treated with AMK were as follows; osteomyelitis in 5, purulent arthritis in 3, decubitius in 3, cystitis in 2 and purulent peritonitis in 1. For prevention of postoperative infections, AMK was administered to 9 patients. In 14 infectious patients, clinical response was excellent in 2, good in 11 and poor in 1, while in 9 postoperative patients clinical response was excellent or good in all of them. As side effects, a slight rise of the GOT and GPT levels was observed in 1 but normalized by discontinuation of the medication. In the aspects of effectiveness and safety, AMK may be considered to be a useful available antibiotic in the orthopedic field.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Dietary therapy in two patients with vitamin B12-unresponsive methylmalonic acidemia.

The biochemical and therapeutic responses to dietary therapy were studied in a 25-month-old girl and a 1-month-old girl with methylmalonic acidemia (MMA-emia), which was unresponsive to vitamin B12. The minimum daily intake of protein which patients could tolerate and display a good development was between 1.0 and 1.2 g per kg body weight. Supplementation with amino acid mixture devoid of toxic amino acids was required to prevent protein malnutrition when daily protein intake was restricted to 0.6 g per kg body weight. Caloric intake should be sufficient, not only to promote growth but also to prevent a rise in MMA level, especially when a patient has ketoacidosis. It was found that MMA excretion per mg creatinine in random urine specimens correlated significantly with serum MMA and twenty four-hour output of MMA per kg body weight. Therefore measurement of MMA in a single urine specimen is useful for evaluating the in vivo accumulation of MMA.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1981

S-Adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase activity in a lymphoblastoid cell line from a patient with adenosine deaminase dificiency disease.

S-Adenosylhomocysteine (S-AdoHcy) hydrolase activity in a lymphoblastoid cell line from a patient with adenosine deaminase deficiency disease (ADA(-)LCL) was found to be approximately 60% of that in ADA (+)lymphoblastoid cell lines. S-AdoHcy hydrolase of ADA(-)LCL was more sensitive to inhibition by 2'-deoxyadenosine as compared with that of ADA(+)LCL. The inhibitory effect of 2'-deoxyadenosine was evident in cell growth and immunoglobulin production of lymphoblastoid cell lines.

Adenosine Deaminase↗
PubMed1981

Congenital central ray deficiency in the hand- a survey of 59 cases and subclassification.

Eighty-nine hands were studied in 59 patients with central ray deficiency. A subclassification into two subgroups was established based on the clinical and radiological findings-subgroup I: typical type and subgroup II: (atypical type) with type a, syndactylous type, and type b, polydactylous type. In subgroup I, the sequential severity of deficiency ranged from a partial defect of phalanges of the middle finger to a monodigit hand. The central digital elements were fused to adjacent digital rays in subgroup II-type a. Supernumerary bony elements were seen in subgroup II-type b. The close relationship between central ray deficiency, syndactyly, and polydactyly was discussed from the standpoint of development of the hand. The classification of central ray deficiency into the longitudinal deficiency category of the International Classification of Congenital Limb Malformations was recommended.

Congenital Abnormalities↗
PubMed1981

Gyrate atrophy with hyperornithinaemia: different types of responsiveness to vitamin B6.

Three cases of Japanese patients with gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina with hyperornithinaemia were studied clinically and biochemically. The types of disease differed in responsiveness to vitamin B6. In-vivo responsiveness to vitamin B6 was correlated with in-vitro data. It is suggested that the in-vitro examination of the influence of pyridoxal phosphate on ornithine ketoacid transaminase activity in cultured fibroblasts may be useful in ascertaining the efficacy of vitamin B6 treatment in gyrate atrophy. In addition the early development of the fundus lesions was observed in one case (case 1), and the ciliary body abnormality and chorioretinal atrophy were noted in another (case 3).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Tissue distribution of unentrapped or liposome-entrapped 131I-labeled beta-galactosidase injected into rats.

Either unentrapped (free) or liposome-entrapped 131I-labeled beta-galactosidase was injected into rats from tail veins. Tissue distribution and intracellular localization of the radioactivity of both sources were compared. The half-life of liposome-entrapped enzyme in the circulation was much longer than that of the free enzyme. The radioactivity removed from the circulation was recovered primarily in the liver, and to a lesser extent in almost all tissues studied. A small but significant uptake of liposome-entrapped enzyme by the brain was also observed. Uptake of liposome-entrapped enzyme was greater thant that of free enzyme in the spleen, heart, lungs and brain, excepting the liver and kidneys. Subcellular fractionation showed distribution of the radioactivity of liposome-entrapped enzyme favoring the mitochondrial-lysosomal fraction from these tissues except the heart. There was a difference in the pattern of intracellular distribution of the radioactivity in the brain of rats between the administration of free enzyme and that of liposome-entrapped enzyme. These findings suggest that when liposomes containing beta-galactosidase were injected into rats from the tail veins, they would penetrate the blood-brain barrier and would reach the lysosomes in the central nervous system tissue more effectively than the free enzyme itself. Beta-galactosidase; liposome; enzyme replacement therapy; rat tissues, 131I.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Atypical gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina and iminoglycinuria.

A 44-year-old woman with atypical gyrate atrophy and iminoglycinuria was described. The serum ornithine level and ornithine-ketoacid transaminase (OKT) activity were both normal. Urinary excretion of proline, hydroxyproline and glycine was markedly increased. This finding, together with the existence of gyrate atrophy with hyperornithinemia due to OKT deficiency, suggests that proline deficiency in the chorioretinal tissues may concern the development of gyrate atrophy.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Zinc and copper concentrations in human milk and in serum from exclusively-breast-fed infants during the first 3 months of life.

Zinc and copper concentrations in human milk and in serum from exclusively-breast-fed infants born at full-term were serially determined during the first 3 months of life by the atomic absorption spectrophotometric method. Zinc and copper concentrations of human milk decreased as the stage of lactation progressed. The mean value of the concentration of serum zinc at birth was just below the value previously reported for school children, significantly decreased at one month of age (p less than 0.02), then returned to the level at birth at 2 months of age, and reached at 3 months of age to the level of school children. On the other hand, the mean value of serum copper at birth was markedly low, and rapidly increased until 2 months of age and then gradually increased until 3 months of age. These changes in serum zinc and copper concentrations during early infancy suggested that human milk can provide sufficient zinc and copper for full-term infants during the first 3 months of life. Calculated daily zinc and copper intakes in infants fed on human milk were lower than recommended values. It is necessary to reconsider the appropriateness of previously recommended values for breast-fed animals.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Estimation of B-cells transformed by Epstein-Barr virus in patients with congenital agammaglobulinemia.

In vitro immunoglobulin synthesis was measured in lymphocytes from four patients with congenital agammaglobulinemia (cA gamma) stimulated by two different polyclonal B-cell activators, pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). In PWM-stimulated cultures, patient T-cells treated with mitomycin C (MMC) were able to help the immunoglobulin (Ig) synthesis of normal B-cells. Patient B-cell-enriched fraction not containing surface Ig positive cells did not produce Ig in combination with MMC-treated autologous or allogeneic T-cells. Patient lymphocytes were infected with EBV and the subsequent production of Ig was measured. In lymphocytes from control subjects, exponential growth of the cells having EBV-associated nuclear antigen (EBNA) was shown to be associated with an exponential increase in Ig secretion within 1 week after EBV infection. However, in lymphocytes from three of the four patients, it took 2, 4 and 10 weeks, respectively, until lymphocyte-transformation and subsequent Ig-secretion were observed. Lymphocytes from one patient were not transformed nor did they secrete Ig after EBV infection. These results may imply that a small number of B-cells are present in peripheral blood of most of patients with cA gamma, and that they are able to produce the Ig after transformation by EBV which takes a much longer time than in controls.

Agammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1981

Hyperornithinemia with gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina: a disturbance in de novo formation of proline.

Two patients with hyperornithinemia and gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina, the first report in Japan, were described. Serum ornithine was increased 10- to 15-fold and serum lysine was slightly decreased in the affected patients. Urinary excretion of ornithine was also markedly increased. There was no increase in serum proline after the oral loading of ornithine in the patients, whereas serum proline increased after the loading in normal controls. Ornithine-ketoacid transaminase (OKT) activity was markedly reduced in phytohemagglutinin transformed lymphocytes from the patients. In all of their parents and one of the siblings, OKT activity was found to be decreased to about half of the normal control values. These findings indicate that the pathway from ornithine to proline is a major route of ornithine catabolism in man. A possible pathogenesis of ocular disturbance in the patients with OKT deficiency was postulated.

Atrophy↗