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Biomedical subjects

K Tabata

Publications and source records attributed to K Tabata.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Monoclonal antibody to proteoglycan derived from Grifola frondosa (Maitake).

A murine monoclonal antibody (MAb) was prepared by immunizing BALB/c mice with a proteoglycan fraction derived from Grifola frondosa (Maitake mushroom), followed by the hybridization of spleen cells with mouse myeloma cells. The MAb (subclass; Ig G2b), designated MPG2, reacted with schizophyllan (SPG), curdlan, scleroglucan, laminarin and lentinan, but not with dextran, pullulan, mannan and xylan. Immunohistochemistry (ABC-GO method) showed that MAb MPG2 reacted with lysosomal proteoglycan and (1-->6)-beta-branched laminaritriose taken up by rabbit peritoneal macrophages. These results suggest that this MAb may recognize mainly (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan, and may be useful for determining the immunological properties of Grifola frondosa-derived proteoglycan.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

The inhibitory effect of sulfated schizophyllans and related oligosaccharides on coagulation and fibrinolysis.

Sulfated schizophyllans and sulfated oligosaccharides were prepared and their inhibitory effects on coagulation and fibrinolysis were examined. Some sulfated schizophyllans, which had a sulfur content of more than 10%, prolonged prothrombin time (PT) and thrombin time (TT). Interestingly, some sulfated schizophyllans and related oligosaccharides were able to inhibit plasmin toward fibrinolysis and amidolysis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Construction of a new teichuronopeptide-defective derivative from alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. C-125 by cell fusion.

Cell walls of facultative alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. C-125 are composed of peptidoglycan, teichuronic acid, and teichuronopeptide. A mutant lacking teichuronic acid, or defective in both teichuronic acid and teichuronopeptide has been isolated from the organism. We now constructed another type of a cell-wall defective mutant that was defective in teichuronopeptide but had teichuronic acid, by cell fusion using protoplasts prepared from a wild-type strain and a mutant defective in teichuronopeptide and teichuronic acid. This mutant grew more poorly than wild type or a teichuronic acid-defective strain of C-125. The growth, however, was faster than that of the parental strain defective in both teichuronic acid and teichuronopeptide.

Bacillus↗
PubMed1994

[A case of "forme fruste" of tuberous sclerosis having been treated as genuine epilepsy].

A 30-year-old man had signs of a lumbosacral skin plaque, called "shagreen patch", and mental retardation. He had been treated as genuine epilepsy for more than twenty years. Neither significant abnormalities nor facial angiofibroma (adenoma sebaceum) were detected on physical and neurological examinations. Brain CT revealed calcified subependymal nodules. A T2-weighted brain MRI presented high signal intensity regions affecting the cerebral cortex, which suggested tuberous lesions. Echocardiography showed high echoic lesions on the left ventricular wall and papillary muscles, suggesting calcification. The case was diagnosed as suffering from "forme fruste" of tuberous sclerosis. The three criteria typical of tuberous sclerosis (facial angiofibroma, seizure and mental retardation) were not satisfied. The "forme fruste" variant is less known, because the pattern of involvement varies, and it may clinically simulate genuine epilepsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Physical map of the extremely thermophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus HB27 chromosome.

The physical map of the chromosome of Thermus thermophilus HB27 was constructed using three restriction enzymes; EcoRI, SspI and MunI by applying pulsed-field gel electrophoresis techniques. Although the genome size of 1.82 Mb was almost the same as that (1.74 Mb) reported for T. thermophilus HB8 [Borges, K.M., and P.L. Bergquist. (1993) J. Bacteriol. 175, 103-110], the MunI cleavage maps were different. A 240 kb plasmid was detected in HB27, and its physical map was also constructed. In addition, several genes were located on the chromosomal physical map.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1993

Augmentation of protective immune responses against Sendai virus infection by fungal polysaccharide schizophyllan.

When treated with fungal polysaccharide schizophyllan, mice survived otherwise lethal Sendai virus infection. Both intraperitoneal and oral administrations were effective when sonicated schizophyllan with a relative molecular mass (M(r)) of 4.6 x 10(5) was used. Antiviral antibody in the serum could be detected at an earlier time after virus infection and virus spread in the lung was more efficiently inhibited in schizophyllan-treated mice than in untreated controls. Schizophyllan also augmented protective immune responses induced by low doses of a live Sendai virus vaccine that were insufficient to confer complete protection against challenge infection with a virulent strain. On the other hand, schizophyllan did not influence interferon production in mice whether or not infected with Sendai virus. The present results suggest that schizophyllan confers better protection against virus infection through augmentation of antiviral immune responses and can be used as an immune enhancer.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1993

Detection of immunoreactive schizophyllan by solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

In order to detect immunoreactive schizophyllan (SPG), one of the beta-1,3-glucans in solution, a murine anti-schizophyllan monoclonal antibody, SPG1-HS, was used as a primary antibody for solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Polysaccharide-bovine serum albumin (BSA), and polysaccharide-bovine hemoglobin (Hb) conjugate were prepared as an antigen. The absorbance at 490 nm in ELISA was directly proportional to the SPG concentration in SPG-BSA or SPG-Hb conjugates, allowing the accurate measurement of SPG at concentrations of more than 1.0 microgram/ml. Also, this ELISA detected SPG in SPG-BSA and SPG-Hb conjugates in human serum in a similar manner. These results suggest that this ELISA is applicable for the determination of SPG concentration in SPG-BSA and SPG-Hb conjugates in human tissue and blood.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Aquastatin A, an inhibitor of mammalian adenosine triphosphatases from Fusarium aquaeductuum. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, structure determination and biological properties.

A new inhibitor of mammalian adenosine triphosphatases, designated aquastatin A, has been isolated from a fungus identified as Fusarium aquaeductuum. The structure of this compound has been determined by MS and NMR analyses. It inhibits Na+/K(+)-ATPase with an IC50 value of 7.1 microM, and H+/K(+)-ATPase with an apparent IC50 value of 6.2 microM.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1992

[A case of chronic multifocal myositis].

A 61-year-old civil engineer began to have slowly progressive muscle atrophy in the right shoulder and the left arm at 56 years of age. Muscle wasting became manifest in the left thigh at 59 years and in the right thigh at 60 years. He had mild difficulty in climbing and descending stairs. On examination, although he had notable muscle atrophy in the right trapezius and proximal muscles in the upper and lower extremities, his muscle strength was relatively well preserved. The muscle atrophy was asymmetrical; the right periscapular region and the left upper and lower extremities were more markedly atrophic. In addition, multiple foci of the striking muscle atrophy were noted in the upper trunk and the proximal limb muscles. Fasciculation was not present. Deep tendon reflexes were normal with no pathologic reflexes. Except for a moderately elevated serum creatine kinase level of 709 Ul/l (normal 40-170) and mildly elevated serum myoglobin level of 100 ng/ml (normal < 60), no laboratory tests showed abnormal values suggesting an inflammatory process. Motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities were within normal limits. Electromyography disclosed myopathic and neuropathic changes. Computed tomography (CT) of skeletal muscles showed asymmetrical muscle atrophy and patchy low-density foci. In biopsied left quadriceps and right gastrocnemius muscles which showed partially low density on CT, there was marked variation in muscle fiber size, with necrotic and regenerating fibers, an increased number of centrally placed nuclei, and interstitial fibrosis. There were numerous foci of mononuclear inflammatory cellular infiltration, especially around the blood vessels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1991

[A case of acute water intoxication showing triphasic waves on EEG].

We reported a case of acute water intoxication from compulsive water-drinking, who showed triphasic waves on EEG. The patient was a 50-year-old man who had been undergoing medical treatment in a mental hospital since he was suffering from schizophrenia diagnosed at the age of 35. He had sometimes had a tendency to drink a large amount of water since 45 years old. He began to drink water compulsively since three days ago. He vomited just after he drank excessive water with his mouth directly to the tap for several minutes, and soon fell into loss of consciousness. He was transmitted to our hospital because of acute consciousness disturbance on the next day. On neurological examination, he was profoundly comatose with miosis and conjugate deviation to the right side. His extremities showed decorticate posturing. On admission, serum sodium level was 101 mEq/l, and plasma osmolality was 208 mOsm/l. Serum enzymes derived from muscle and myoglobin were markedly elevated. But there was no laboratory evidence of the other metabolic disorders such as hepatic or renal disease. Computed tomography of the brain disclosed severely diffuse swelling with largely obliterated sulci and narrowed ventricles. EEG showed triphasic waves predominantly over centro-parieto-occipital portion, behind which there was slow wave activity with a loss of normal alpha wave activity. Immediately, treatment began by a combination of saline and glyceol infusion for the purpose of correcting severe hyponatremia, subsequently removing brain edema. As serum sodium level gradually returned to normal, the brain CT findings were getting better.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Immunopharmacological study of sulfated schizophyllan (SPG). I.--Its action as a mitogen and anti-HIV agent.

Sulfated schizophyllans of differing sulfur content were prepared and their mitogenic activities and effects on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were investigated in vitro. The sulfated schizophyllans were found to possess mitogenic activity. Anti-viral activity was evaluated in terms of cytopathic effect, and by the fluorescence antibody technique, reverse transcriptase assay and cell proliferation assay. Schizophyllans with a higher sulfur content showed potent anti-HIV effects on Molt-4 clone No. 8 or MT-4 cells infected with HIV as well as on lymphocytes from AIDS patients. It is suggested that the sulfur content of schizophyllans is the most important factor for inhibiting growth of HIV, rather than molecular weight or kinds of sugar component. Thus, sulfated schizophyllans appear applicable as anti-HIV drugs.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

Preparation of polyclonal antibodies to an anti-tumor (1----3)-beta-D-glucan, schizophyllan.

Antibodies against Schizophyllan (SPG) or SPG conjugated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) were raised in rabbits by multiple subcutaneous immunization. The titer of SPG-reactive antibodies in the antiserum to SPG-BSA conjugate was significantly higher than in the antiserum to SPG as assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The SPG-reactive antibodies purified by affinity chromatography using a Protein A-Sepharose CL-4B column interacted with the SPG-BSA conjugate spotted on a nitrocellulose membrane filter in a dose-dependent manner, but the anti-SPG antibodies did not interact with BSA. Immunocytochemical staining has also shown that the anti-SPG antibodies reacted with SPG taken up by mouse peritoneal macrophages.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Basic studies on abdominal injuries. Part 1: Degree of depression of abdominal wall by compression].

The degree of depression of the abdominal surface by compression was measured in 121 healthy adult male having an average age of 20.4 years. Three disks of different sizes (10, 25, and 45 mm in diameter) were attached to the edge of the baresthesiometer, and pressures of 1, 3 and 5 kg were applied to the 10 mm disk, and 1, 3, 5, and 7 kg to the other disks. The regions tested were the medial abdomen approximately 2 cm above the umbilicus and the left and right flanks at the level of umbilicus. The higher the pressure administered, the greater the depression formed on each disk. Severe pain occurred in the nonanesthetized person, and it was difficult to increase the pressure to a higher level than 7 kg. At each pressure, the smallest disk produced larger depression than did the other two. The degree of depression was related to the total pressure administered rather than to the amount of pressure per unit area. The distribution of measured value was shown to be normal. After the largest depression for each region had been determined, a pressure of 7 kg was imposed on the 25-mm disk. On the medial abdomen, the anatomical position generated a mean depression of 6.3 cm, and the spine position a depression of 5.04 cm. On the flank, mean value of the depression was approximately 5.7 cm, and did not differ between the anatomical and supine positions and between the right and left flanks.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1990

[Brain glucose metabolism in a patient with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease measured by positron emission tomography].

Sequential measurements of local cerebral glucose metabolism were performed in a case with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. The diagnosis was based on the characteristic clinical symptoms and EEG. Cerebral glucose metabolism (CMRGlc) was measured by positron emission tomography (PET) and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose. CMRGlc was decreased to about 45% of the normal value. At that time, X-ray CT revealed little brain atrophy. The decrease of CMRGlc was prominent in cerebral cortices, but the metabolic decrease was slight in striatal body, cerebellum, and brainstem. The motor cortex and occipital lobe showed relatively preserved metabolism among the cerebral cortices. Six months after the first PET measurement, X-ray CT showed marked brain atrophy. Decrease of cerebral glucose metabolism advanced furthermore. However, the progress of the decrease was relatively small in the basal ganglia, brainstem, and cerebellar nucleus. These findings differ from the findings that was known by pathological study. These results suggest that measurement of CMRGlc by PET is useful for the early detection and for understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease.

Brain↗
PubMed1990

[Curability of multidisciplinary treatment including combined hyperthermia, radiotherapy and chemotherapy].

Reported are the results in 311 patients who received a multidisciplinary treatment for their cancers, said treatment combining hyperthermia, radiotherapy, and chemtherapy. Of his number, 266 patients were in the advance stage of their disease while another 42 still had localized cancers. According to the criteria of Koyama and Saitoh for evaluating solid tumors that had received chemotherapy, of 298 evaluable patients, 64 showed a complete response (CR), 94 showed a partial response (PR), 89 showed no change (NC), and 57 showed a progressive disease (PD), for an overall response of 53.0% (158 cases). A multidisciplinary treatment combining radiotherapy and hyperthermochemotherapy was used for cases involving localized tumors of the vulva, the skin, the thyroid gland, the prostate gland, the uterus, the rectum, the soft tissue bone, and the ovary, though our treatment regimen could not be continued in cases of tumors involving the stomach, the esophagus, the lung, the mediastinum, the liver, and the pancreas. Our data has shown that a high overall rate of curability was achieved in cases involving the stomach, the bladder, the blood, the skin, the head, and neck, and the esophagus.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Positron emission tomography in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a case report].

Sequential positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission tomography (SPECT) were performed in an 11-year-old girl who was clinically diagnosed as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). She had fever, stupor, loss of sight and left hemiparesis on admission to our hospital. X-ray CT (XCT) demonstrated a hypodense lesion in the right fronto-parietal white matter. In the 1st PET study, CBF and CMRO2 were reduced in both hemispheric white and gray matter, particularly in the right fronto-parietal lesion. The XCT abnormality was improved in the subsequent scan when the patient had improved except visual disturbance. When visual disturbance was worsened again, and a new hypodense lesion was appeared in the left frontal white matter on XCT, the 2nd PET study was performed. CBF and CMRO2 were recovered except the left frontal white and gray matter. SPECT study was also performed and the image was almost similar to CBF image of PET scan. The changes and distributions of CBF and CMRO2 were related to her symptoms and clinical course. Reduced CBF and CMRO2 of whole brain is thought to be characteristic of ADEM. From the experiences of this case, PET measurements is useful for the understanding of neuronal functional abnormalities of ADEM, and is more useful for the detection of recovery or relapsing process than XCT.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Condensed thienopyrimidines. I. Synthesis and gastric antisecretory activity of 2,3-dihydro-5H-oxazolothienopyrimidin-5-one derivatives.

A practical preparation of various 2,3-dihydro-5H-oxazolo[3,2-a]thieno[3,2-d]-, [3,4-d]-, and [2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-one derivatives was developed starting from the corresponding aminothiopheneesters in two steps, and their chloro-substituted derivatives were prepared. These compounds were evaluated for gastric antisecretory activity in pylorus-ligated rats, compared to the anti-ulcer standard, cimetidine, and their structure-activity relationships are discussed.

Animals↗