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Biomedical subjects

K T Kirchhoff

Publications and source records attributed to K T Kirchhoff.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Development of a program for neonatal intensive care units managed by neonatal nurse practitioners.

Because of reduced medical coverage and changing educational experiences of the pediatric residents, the Department of Nursing Practice at the University of Utah Hospital in collaboration with the Department of Patient Care Services at Primary Children's Medical Center seized the opportunity to develop a nurse-managed patient care service within two tertiary-level nurseries in the State of Utah. Collaboration with nursing administrators and practitioners in both sites yielded joint plans for a successful NNP program. Initial efforts were to fund jointly and support the College of Nursing to develop an educational program, whereas the clinical program was developed before the reduction in medical coverage. Many issues were addressed because of the multidisciplinary and multi-institutional nature of the program. Work is ongoing in the recruitment of students and NNPs, development and review of clinical practice, and endorsement and privileging considerations.

Hospitals, Pediatric↗
PubMed1992

Positional oxygenation changes in air-transported neonates.

The effect of position on oxygenation was compared in 24 critically ill, premature neonates during pressurized, fixed-wing transport. The purpose of the study was to assess if there is a significant change in the arterial oxygen tension in the supine, prone, or prone-free positions during air transport. Neonates with endotracheal tubes in place who (1) had radiologic evidence of hyaline membrane disease, (2) had an umbilical artery catheter in place, and (3) required at least 1 hour of air transport to a level III intensive care center were admitted into the study after parental consent. There was an average 8% increase in oxygenation in the prone and prone-free positions when compared with the supine position. Although this difference might be considered clinically significant for the critically ill premature neonate, there was no statistically significant difference in arterial oxygen tension among the three positions tested in this study.

Aircraft↗
PubMed1991

Analysis of the research about heparinized versus nonheparinized intravascular lines.

This article is a review and analysis of published and unpublished research on the efficacy of both dilute heparin solutions and normal saline solutions in flushing and maintaining the patency of vascular catheters. Twenty studies involving both intravenous and intraarterial catheters in pediatric and adult patients are summarized and analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Thirteen studies that were conceptually similar were subjected to a meta-analysis; no significant difference in duration of patency was found between intravascular catheters flushed with saline solution and those flushed with a heparinized solution. Implications for changing practice based on research findings are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Who is responsible for research utilization?

In summary, difficulties exist when critical care staff nurses attempt to use research or, perhaps, do not even think about using research. However, the responsibility for facilitating research utilization is shared by nurses in various settings. We all need to make major changes to assist in that process before we ask why staff nurses are not using research.

Critical Care↗
PubMed1990

Comparing two methods of umbilical artery catheter placement.

This study compared the conventional method of umbilical artery catheter placement with a side-entry method. Criteria for comparison were: (1) frequency of correct placement; (2) time required for placement; and (3) incidence of bleeding. Newborn infants less than 3 hours of age who required placement of a umbilical artery catheter were admitted into the study with parental consent. The sample size was 32 catheter attempts (16 conventional method and 16 side-entry method). The side-entry method resulted in more successful catheter placements and required less time without incidence of bleeding. With the conventional method, there were five failures to place the catheter and three incidents of bleeding, resulting in a total blood loss of 14 cc.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1990

Electrocardiographic response to ice water ingestion.

To determine the necessity of restricting ice water for patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) we performed studies in 89 patients who had been admitted to a coronary care unit with a diagnosis of acute MI or "rule out MI." Using a split-plot factorial repeated-measures design, we randomly assigned patients to position and sequence of volume. A Marquette Augmented Cardiograph was used to obtain 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECGs) at baseline and at 3, 10, and 25 minutes after ingestion of 200 or 400 ml ice water. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to assess the significance of each factor alone and in interaction for both ST segments and T waves for 11 leads. The preliminary analysis of variance showed significant difference (p less than 0.10) in ST segments for position in several leads and in T waves for disease in several leads. Differences did not continue to be significant when they were considered across the four time periods (MANOVA); then time and volume were the significant variables for most leads. Mean change scores for ST segment (0.01 to 0.05) and T wave amplitude (0.01 to 0.88) were not clinically significant; however, a few patients had significant changes in ST segment of greater than 1 mm and T wave amplitude of greater than 10 mm. A few patients exhibited T wave inversion, suggesting a third level of significance: clinically detectable differences.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Accuracy of references in nursing journals.

The purpose of this study was to quantify and classify errors in reference lists of randomly selected, recently published issues of nursing journals (n = 17) and to assess whether these errors prevented retrieval of the cited documents. Randomly selected references, 65 from clinical journals and 47 from non-clinical journals, were compared to the original sources for accuracy. Errors were classified as minor (not preventing retrieval) and major (preventing retrieval). Errors occurred more frequently in references in clinical journals, 38.4% of those reviewed, as compared to 21.3% in of non-clinical journals. Additionally, 4.6% of the clinical references contained major errors, but no major errors were located in references from the non-clinical journals. These findings have implications for all readers.

Bibliographies as Topic↗