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Biomedical subjects

K Sugihara

Publications and source records attributed to K Sugihara.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Mixed connective tissue disease complicated by infection with human immunodeficiency virus.

A case of HIV-infection presenting as mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) is reported. A 26-year-old woman from Kenya was admitted with the symptoms and laboratory findings of MCTD. Her peripheral CD4 cell count was decreased. She had high titers of antibodies to HIV antigen by a passive agglutination test and an immunofluorescence technique. Moreover, specific IgG and IgM antibodies to HIV antigens were detected by Western blot analysis after complete absorption of the serum in extractable nuclear antigens from calf thymus. While undergoing azidothymidine treatment, she developed AIDS and died of intracranial bleeding. This is the first report of HIV infection associated with MCTD-like symptoms.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1994

Parachordoma of the buttock: an immunohistochemical case study and review.

We report a case of parachordoma occurring in the buttock of a 43-year-old man, and review 20 cases of parachordoma reported in the English literature. The tumor in our case was grossly 3 cm in dimension, solid, lobulated and grayish-white in color. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of epithelioid and spindle cells, and fibromyxoid stroma. The epithelioid cells were immunohistochemically positive for vimentin, S-100 protein, neuron-specific enolase, keratin, carcinoembryonic antigen and epithelial membrane antigen, and negative for HMB45. These findings are similar to those for chordoma rather than extraskeletal myxoid chrondrosarcoma. Although the etiopathogenesis of parachordoma remains obscure, Schwann cells or some other neuron-related cell origin are suspected.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Reductase activity of aldehyde oxidase toward the carcinogen N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene and the related hydroxamic acids.

Liver aldehyde oxidase (EC 1.2.3.1) was capable of reducing N-arylacetohydroxamic acids, N-hydroxy-2-acetyl-aminofluorene, N-hydroxy-4-acetylaminobiphenyl and N-hydroxyphenacetin, to the corresponding amides in the presence of an electron donor of the enzyme under anaerobic conditions. When supplemented with an electron donor of the enzyme, a significant reduction of N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene occurred, which was sensitive to an inhibitor of the enzyme. These observations were made with cytosolic fractions prepared from the livers of rabbits, guinea pigs, rats and mice.

Aldehyde Oxidase↗
PubMed1994

Generation of self HLA-DR-specific CD3+CD4-CD8+ cytotoxic T cells in chronic graft-versus-host disease.

To analyze the mechanism of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) characteristic of autoimmune disease, we used a cell-mediated lympholysis assay to study the autoreactivity of PBL from two patients after MHC-matched BMT. Our data indicate the induction of CD3+CD4-CD8+ autoreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in the one patient with chronic GVHD and an important role for allo-non-MHC (minor histocompatibility) antigen-specific CD3+CD4+CD8- helper T cells in this induction. Experiments using HLA-DR gene-transfected mouse L cells as target cells and blocking assays with anti-HLA class I and class II antibodies provided evidence that autoreactive CTL recognized HLA-DR antigen on autologous cells. Analysis of antigen-specific T cell proliferative responses in these patients to examine the effect of self HLA-DR-specific CTL on the antigen presenting cell (APC)-T cell interaction suggested that donor bone marrow-derived self HLA-DR-specific CTL are responsible for the decreased antigen-presenting ability of the patient's APC. These results suggest a new interpretation of the induction mechanism of chronic GVHD and its associated immunosuppression after MHC-matched BMT based on diminished APC function.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1994

An analysis on the effect of blood transfusion on recurrence and survival in patients undergoing extended lymphadenectomy for colorectal cancer.

In a retrospective study data were collected from 644 patients with cancer of the colon or rectum undergoing curative surgery with extended lymphadenectomy to evaluate a possible effect of blood transfusion, given perioperatively, on tumor recurrence and patient survival. Univariate analysis showed depth of bowel wall invasion, number and level of lymph node metastases to be of highly significant prognostic factors. After 5 years the overall recurrence rate was 16.6% for the non-transfused (n = 223) and 26.1% for the transfused (n = 421; p < .01) patients, and survival rates showed borderline significance favoring the non-transfused patients (90.5% vs. 80.0% after 5 years; p < 0.05). However, after stratification for the prognostically important factors, in a multivariate analysis a possible detrimental effect of perioperative blood transfusions could not be demonstrated.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Antiproliferative lymphokine production by human peripheral blood lymphocytes and lymph node lymphocytes detected by a modified double layer soft agarose clonogenic assay.

The double layer soft agarose clonogenic assay using colony formation of target cells as an endpoint was adapted for the detection of antiproliferative lymphokine production from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and lymph node lymphocytes (LNL). The colony formation of cervical cancer cell lines, HeLa, CAC-1, and TMCC, in the upper layers was significantly inhibited by the inclusion of either PBL or LNL pretreated with PHA in the lower layers. Without stimulation by PHA, neither resident PBL nor LNL exhibited antiproliferative activity on the tumor cells in the upper layers. The antiproliferative activity against target cells increased in relation to the density of lymphocytes in the lower layers, and was dependent on protein synthesis by lymphocytes. Since the cell to cell contact between the effector cells and target cells is not possible in this assay, the reduction of colony formation should be attributed to soluble factor(s) that were secreted from the lymphocytes. Additionally, an antibody against IFN-gamma neutralized most of the antiproliferative activity, and equivalent levels of IFN-gamma were found to be present in the supernatant of PBL and LNL lower layers by a radioimmunoassay. The double layer soft agarose assay system should thus serve as a useful method for studying antiproliferative lymphokine production by lymphocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Resection for multiple metastatic liver tumors after portal embolization.

BACKGROUND: Five patients with bilateral multiple liver metastases (3 to 12 lesions) from colorectal cancer who underwent extensive liver resection after portal embolization are described. METHODS: Portal embolization of the right portal branch was performed 9 days to 8 months before hepatic resection. The location and number of metastases were determined by intraoperative ultrasonography at the time of liver resection to accomplish complete resection of the tumors. Extended right lobectomy was carried out in four patients, two of whom underwent additional wedge resection of nodules located in the left lateral segment. The other patient underwent right lobectomy associated with local resection of the tumor in the left lobe. RESULTS: The postoperative course in the five patients was uneventful, with no serious complication or liver dysfunction. Although one patient died of recurrence 28 months after liver resection, the remaining four patients were alive and free of cancer between 36 and 74 months after hepatectomy. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of bilateral multiple (four or more) metastatic liver lesions from colorectal cancer is not considered a contraindication for hepatic resection if thorough examination of the liver is performed with intraoperative ultrasonography and the surgical risk is minimal. Portal embolization appears effective for increasing the safety of hepatectomy for patients with small metastases who require major right-sided resection combined with wedge resection of the left lobe.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Problems in Papanicolaou classification].

There are several reasons why Papanicolaou classification should not be used for the interpretation of cytologic findings. First, many different classification criteria are sometimes used for a single pathologic condition. Second, inflammatory change or hormonal evaluation are not included in the system. Third, the classification is not compatible for the evaluation of endometrial lesions or chorionic diseases. Fourth, mismanagement of the patient is sometimes encountered when this classification is only used. Instead of Papanicolaou classification, descriptive diagnosis should be used for cytologic interpretation.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Pattern of recurrence after hepatic resection for colorectal metastases.

Between 1978 and 1989, 159 patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer underwent hepatic resection. Of 134 patients in whom metastases were confined to the liver, 109 had tumours removed completely with histologically negative resection margins. Two patients died in hospital. Ultrasonographically guided partial resection was performed in 80 patients, lateral segmentectomy in seven and lobectomy in 22. The 5-year survival rate of patients undergoing potentially curative resection was 47.9 per cent. Patients with metachronous tumours showed a significantly better prognosis than those with synchronous lesions in both univariate (P < 0.01) and multivariate (P = 0.01) analysis. During a median follow-up of 35.4 months, 64 patients developed recurrence, including 34 in the liver, 20 in the lung and 12 in the abdominal cavity. Of those with hepatic recurrence, ten patients developed tumours at the initial resection bed, seven in the same lobe, five in the contralateral lobe and 12 in both lobes. Ultrasonographically guided partial liver resection did not increase the risk of hepatic recurrence.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin in benign or malignant ovarian tumors.

We compared the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) between benign and malignant human ovarian tissues by immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis using the monoclonal antibody specific to alpha-SMA. In normal human ovaries, alpha-SMA was found in the blood vessel walls, muscle fibers, and stromal cells surrounding the follicles. The main source of alpha-SMA in the benign ovarian tumors was the blood vessel walls which highly expressed the alpha-SMA throughout the tumor. In malignant tumor tissues, however, the vessels located in or close to the cluster of cancer cells did not express alpha-SMA. It corresponded to the results of the Western blot analysis, showing that the amount of alpha-SMA in malignant ovarian tumor tissues was much smaller than that in benign tumor tissues. Thus, the alteration in alpha-SMA expression seems to reflect the qualitative difference in vessels between benign and malignant ovarian tissues, and therefore alpha-SMA is considered to potentially be a histopathologically useful marker for indicating the malignant potential of ovarian tumors.

Actins↗
PubMed1993

Augmentation by transferrin of IL-2-inducible killer activity and perforin production of human CD8+ T cells.

The effects of human transferrin (Tf) on lymphokine (IL-2)-activated killer (LAK) induction from blood lymphocytes of healthy donors was examined. LAK cells were induced by 6-day incubation in medium with recombinant human IL-2 of lymphocytes, and their cytotoxic activity was assessed by measuring 51Cr release from NK-resistant Daudi cells. Tf alone did not induce any LAK activity, but in combination with IL-2, it augmented LAK induction dose- and time-dependently. This augmenting effect was completely abolished by pretreatment with anti-Tf antiserum. Tf augmented the proliferative response of lymphocytes to IL-2 and their expressions of receptors for IL-2 and Tf. CD8+ T cells were isolated from purified blood lymphocytes using antibody-bound magnetic beads. Addition of Tf to cultures of CD8+ cells resulted in significant augmentation of killer cell induction and perforin (PFP) production after 4 days stimulation with IL-2. These results indicate that Tf is important in generation of IL-2-inducible killer properties and PFP activity of human CD8+ T cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[An emergency operation for a Jehovah's Witness with ruptured thoracic saccular aneurysm].

A 49-year-old male "Jehovah's Witness" was transferred to our hospital with hypotension, abdominal pain, and abdominal distension, and a diagnosis of ruptured thoracic saccular aneurysm was made. He and his family insisted on having an emergency operation for his ruptured aneurysm without blood transfusion. After an intensive discussion among the patient, his family, surgeons, and the director of the hospital, we performed the operation without blood transfusion. The operation using cardiopulmonary bypass took about five hours under enflurane anesthesia, but he died of circulatory collapse fifteen hours after the end of operation. As there may be various opinions concerning how we should take care of Jehovah's Witness patients, we have to manage them case by case.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Thrombospondin mediates adherence of CD36+ sickle reticulocytes to endothelial cells.

Initiation of vasocclusion in sickle disease pathophysiology may involve abnormal red blood cell (RBC) adhesivity to endothelium, a phenomenon influenced by both RBC and plasma factors. Using human umbilical vein endothelial cells and a gravity sedimentation adherence assay, we have examined thrombospondin (TSP) as a plasma factor in this adhesive event. The already-abnormal adherence of sickle RBCs in buffer/albumin is significantly augmented (P < .001) by the addition of TSP, with half-maximal effect at about 0.3 microgram/mL. This effect is abolished by antibodies to either TSP or glycoprotein (GP) IV (CD36), as well as peptides RGDS and CSVTCG. The even greater adherence (P < .005) of sickle RBCs in autologous platelet-rich plasma (without added TSP) is dramatically inhibited by alpha CD36 antibodies (OKM5 and alpha GPIV) and significantly diminished by alpha TSP, by peptides RGDS and CSVTCG, and by two antibodies to the vitronectin receptor (7E3 and LM609). Studies of density-separated subpopulations and of RBC adhesion to immobilized proteins, as well as analysis of sickle RBCs using fluorescence-activated cell sorting and single cell microfluorometry, show that TSP responsiveness is a feature of the immature sickle "stress" reticulocytes, which carry CD36 (and not GPIIbIIIa-like receptors) as the TSP-receptive moiety. The endothelial cell's participation in this phenomenon appears to be more complex, and the data are consistent with the notion that it involves TSP interaction with other plasma proteins and/or multiple receptor structures. Other potential adhesogenic proteins (plasma von Willebrand factor, vitronectin, fibrinogen, and fibronectin) neither exhibited an affinity for reticulocytes nor supported increased sickle RBC adherence when added to buffer/albumin in these assay systems. In aggregate, our results indicate that TSP may be the major promoter of RBC adhesivity in plasma, and they suggest that therapeutic benefit might derive from interference with sickle reticulocyte CD36, as achieved by antibodies and CSVTCG in these studies.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗