Biomedical subjects

K Sugaya

Publications and source records attributed to K Sugaya.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

Treatment of reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura with azelaic acid. An immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study.

No successful therapy has been reported for reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura, which is an autosomal dominant dermatosis. We treated a patient with 20% azelaic acid ointment. Within several weeks the pigmentation was remarkably decreased and no side effects were observed. Histologic examination revealed an increased number of dopa-positive melanocytes. These cells reacted strongly to staining with antityrosinase antibody or antityrosinase-related protein antibody. Electron microscopic findings showed many melanosomes within melanocytes, keratinocytes, and melanophages. These findings suggest that the hyperpigmentation of reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura is the result of an excess amount of melanin production caused by activation of melanocytes in the basal layer.

Dermatologic Agents↗

PubMed1992

Cholecystokinin protects cholinergic neurons against basal forebrain lesion.

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients have a severe degeneration of cholinergic neurons in their cerebral cortices. Basal forebrain (BF)-lesioned rat is used as a model animal of a cholinergic deficit in the cerebral cortex. Cholinergic markers were decreased in the cerebral cortex of BF-lesioned rats. Intracerebroventricular continuous infusion of cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK8) following BF lesion obviously preserved these cholinergic markers. These results suggest that CCK8 prevents the degeneration of cholinergic neurons in the cerebral cortex following BF lesion.

Acetylcholine↗

PubMed1992

Kangenkaryu prevents the decrease of cholinergic markers following the nucleus basalis magnocellularis lesion.

The nucleus basalis magnocellularis (nbm)-lesioned rat is considered to be a model of the cholinergic dysfunction observed in the cerebral cortices of Alzheimer's disease patients. The cholinergic markers, acetylcholine release and choline acetyltransferase activity, were decreased in the cerebral cortex of the nbm-lesioned rat. Kangenkaryu (KAN), a Chinese traditional medicine, is a typical prescription for the treatment of symptoms related to blood circulation deficiency. Orally administered KAN following the nbm lesion significantly preserved the cholinergic markers. The present results indicate that KAN may preserve the activity of cholinergic neurons in the cerebral cortex after the nbm lesion.

Acetylcholine↗

PubMed1992

[Effect of terazosin on lower urinary tract function in the male decerebrate dog].

The effect of terazosin on the lower urinary tract function was studied by combined recording of bladder and urethral pressures and external sphincter electromyogram in 8 male decerebrate dogs. Reflex micturitions were induced by bladder filling before and after terazosin. The statistical analysis was carried out on the urodynamic parameters. During the collecting phase, terazosin at doses of 10, 30 and 100 micrograms/kg produced a significant decrease in maximum urethral pressure in the dose dependent manner. Threshold pressure was significantly shown to decrease at doses of 30 and 100 micrograms/kg. In the urodynamic parameters of the emptying phase there was a significant decrease in maximum contraction pressure at 10 and 30 micrograms/kg, and in voided volume at 100 micrograms/kg. Terazosin seems to facilitate an initiation of the bladder contraction with a decrease in threshold pressure. In concludes that alpha 1 adrenergic activity seems to take an important role for the maintenance of the urethral pressure and to control the initiation of bladder contraction in modulation with threshold pressure.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[Vesical ultrasonography and internal examination of female patients with urethral syndrome].

Transabdominal ultrasonography of the bladder and internal examination were performed in 80 female patients without pyuria. They were divided into 3 groups: urethral syndrome with trigonitis (49 cases), asymptomatic trigonitis (16 cases) and normal bladder (15 cases) by cystoscopy. Ultrasonography of trigonitis with or without symptoms showed focal dilation of the submucosal low echo zone and mucosal irregularity around the bladder neck. On the sagittal view, the thicknesses from the surface of mucosa to that of muscle layer within 2 cm from the bladder neck were 4 +/- 1 mm (mean +/- standard deviation) in the group with urethral syndrome and in that with asymptomatic trigonitis, and 3 +/- 1 mm in the normal bladder group. Mucosa of the trigonitis with or without symptom is patients with significantly thicker than that of those with normal bladder (p less than 0.01). On internal examination, tenderness at the upper frontal wall of the vagina was present in 10 of 11 cases (91%) with urethral syndrome, in 2 of 8 cases (25%) with asymptomatic trigonitis and in one of 9 cases (11%) with normal bladder. There was a significant difference (p less than 0.005) between the degree of inflammation and the number of cases with tenderness at the frontal wall of the vagina. From these results, transabdominal ultrasonographic measurement of mucosal thickness around the bladder neck and internal examination for tenderness at the frontal wall of vagina are thought to be useful methods for diagnosis and follow-up of urethral syndrome.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Effect of YM-12617 (amsulosin hydrochloride) on lower urinary tract function in the female decerebrate dog].

The effect of YM-12617 on the lower urinary tract function was studied by combined recording of cystometry and external sphincter electromyogram (EMG) in 11 female decerebrate dogs. Reflex micturitions were induced by bladder filling before and after YM-12617 administration. Statistical analysis was carried out on the urodynamic parameters. YM-12617 in a dose of 10 micrograms/kg significantly decreased micturition threshold pressure during the collecting phase. In the urodynamic parameters of the emptying phase there was a significant decrease in contraction pressure at 10 and 30 micrograms/kg.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗

PubMed1992

[Comparative study on nephrotoxicity of ionic and non-ionic contrast agents for drip infused urography].

The effects on renal function of an ionic and hyperosmolaric contrast agent (diatrizoate) and a non-ionic and slightly hypertonic agent (iohexol) for drip infused urography were compared on 60 patients with normal renal function. Urine samples were collected before and 30 minutes after drip infusion of contrast agent, and analyzed for albumin (ALB), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP), N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG), beta 2 microglobulin (beta 2MG) and creatinine (CRE). The urinary excretion of proteins and enzymes was compared with urinary CRE. gamma-GTP, NAG and beta 2MG increased significantly after infusion of diatrizoate. gamma-GTP and beta 2MG increased significantly after infusion of iohexol. Excretion of ALB, gamma-GTP, NAG and beta 2MG was significantly higher after infusion of diatrizoate than after iohexol. The urinary concentration of CRE was significantly lower after infusion of diatrizoate than after iohexol. The degree of renal damage after urography was no related to the appearance of allergy to the contrast agent or age of patient. Therefore, the non-ionic and slightly hyperosmolaric iohexol may be less toxic to the kidneys than the ionic and hypertonic diatrizoate. This nephrotoxicity after drip infused urography is thought to be related mainly to the osmolarity of contrast agent.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Effects of Tsumura Chorei-to and Tsumura Chorei-to-go-shimotsu-to on patients with urethral syndrome].

Tsumura Chorei-to or Tsumura Chorei-to-go-shimotsu-to, was administered to 71 female patients with urethral syndrome 2.5 g three times a day for four weeks. Total efficacy rate of Tsumura Chorei-to in 34 cases was 71%. Tsumura Chorei-to was effective against pollakisuria, miction pain or discomfort, sense of residual urine and lower abdominal discomfort. Total efficacy rate of Tsumura Chorei-to-go-shimotsu-to in 37 cases was 57%. Tsumura Chorei-to-go-shimotsu-to was effective against dysuria, sense of residual urine and lower abdominal discomfort. Uutoward effect rates of Tsumura Chorei-to and Tsumura Chorei-to-go-shimotsu-to were 6% and 14%, respectively. Many of the untoward effects of these two drugs were epigastral discomfort. These two drugs are thought to be effective on patients with urethral syndrome.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Nucleus basalis lesions decrease alpha- and kappa-bungarotoxins binding in rat cortex.

A unilateral ibotenic acid lesion of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis in the rat, which is known to produce a reduction in cortical choline acetyltransferase activity and acetylcholine release, produces a decrease of 125I-alpha-bungarotoxin and 125I-kappa-bungarotoxin binding sites in the frontoparietal cortex of the lesioned hemisphere. This decrease can be observed at two weeks following the lesion and persists for up to twelve weeks. The results suggest that a population of bungarotoxin binding sites may have a presynaptic localization.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Opioid modulation of the micturition reflex at the level of the pontine micturition center.

In precollicular decerebrate cats and dogs the intravenous administration of naloxone reduced urinary bladder capacity. Successive cystometrograms revealed that naloxone in doses of 10-100 micrograms/kg i.v. reduced the volume necessary to evoke micturition by 21-67% (mean 48%) in cats and 15-81% (mean 43%) in dogs, respectively. Microinjection of fentanyl (0.4-10 nM) into the pontine micturition center (PMC) increased the bladder capacity by 4-46% (mean 18%) in cats. Naloxone injected into the same site reversed the effect of fentanyl. Microinjection of naloxone (40-120 nM) into the PMC reduced the bladder capacity by 17-57% (mean 34%) in cats. These data indicate that endogenous opioid peptides may have a role in controlling micturition in both decerebrate cat and dog, and that the enkephalinergic inhibitory mechanisms are important in modulating the micturition reflex at the level of the pontine micturition center.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

[Experimental and clinical studies of urethral anesthesia on etiology and treatment of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia].

We studied whether detrusor-sphincter synergia during micturition was obtained by means of urethral anesthesia with lidocaine hydrochloride in five thoracic spinal cats and eight clinical cases with detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia. In thoracic spinal cats with detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia, urethral anesthesia produced detrusor-sphincter synergia, an increase in the maximum bladder pressure and a decrease in the residual volume. In clinical cases with detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia, urethral anesthesia produced detrusor-sphincter synergia or a decrease in the external urethral sphincter activities during micturition, and a decrease in the maximum urethral closure pressure and the residual volume. There were no remarkable changes of the external urethral sphincter activities during urine storage phase before and after urethral anesthesia in both spinal cats and clinical cases. These results suggest that urethral anesthesia blocks the urethro-urethral contraction reflex and secondarily activates vesico-urethral relaxation reflex. The block of urethral sensory nerves is thought to effectively treat detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia.

Anesthesia, Local↗

PubMed1991

[Identification of effective region of the pons in response to inaperisone which facilitates urine storage].

To identify the effective region of the pons in response to inaperisone which facilitates urine storage, inaperisone (100 mM, 0.2 microliters) was injected into the nucleus locus coeruleus alpha (LCa, the pontine micturition center), the nucleus locus subcoeruleus (LSC, the pontine urine storage center) and the nucleus reticularis pontis oralis (PoO, micturition inhibitory region) of the decerebrate cats. On reflex micturition, inaperisone injection into the LSC decreased voiding volume, and increased residual volume and bladder capacity, significantly. However, there was no difference in the maximum bladder pressure before and after inaperisone injection into the LSC. Inaperisone injection into the LCa or the PoO had no influence on reflex micturition. These results suggest that effective region of the pons in response to inaperisone is the LSC, and that inaperisone facilitates the urine storage neural mechanism in the LSC.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

[Non-invasive imaging diagnosis of left renal vein compression causing hematuria. Part 1. Ultrasonography].

Left renal veins of 100 out-patients were examined by transabdominal ultrasonography to evaluate its usefulness in determining left renal vein compression which is causing renal bleeding. Ultrasonography revealed the left renal vein in 86 patients. In 61 of the 86 cases, the internal cavity of left renal vein was opened at least in diastolic phase, but in 23 cases, the internal cavity was closed between the abdominal aorta and the superior mesenteric artery in both systolic and diastolic phases. In the remaining 2 cases, left renal vein was compressed at a point where it intersected the right renal artery. Left renal vein compression was observed in 18 (69%) of the 26 cases which had been classified as idiopathic renal bleeding and in 7 (26%) of the 27 cases which had urinary tract diseases causing hematuria. In 33 cases which did not have hematuria, left renal vein compression was not observed. These results suggest that diagnosis of left renal vein compression causing renal bleeding is possible by transabdominal ultrasonography.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[Non-invasive imaging diagnosis of left renal vein compression causing hematuria. Part 2. CT].

Left renal veins of 77 patients were examined by computed tomography (CT) to evaluate its usefulness in determining the left renal vein compression which is causing renal bleeding. From CT image, left renal vein compression was observed in 6 (86%) of the 7 cases which had been classified as idiopathic renal bleeding, in 9 (21%) of the 42 cases which had urinary tract diseases causing hematuria, and in 3 (11%) of the 28 cases which did not have hematuria. In 15 of the 18 cases of left renal vein compression, left renal vein was compressed between the superior mesenteric artery and the abdominal aorta, showing so-called nutcracker phenomenon. In the remaining 3 cases, however, the superior mesenteric artery provided sharp delineation from the abdominal aorta. The superior mesenteric artery and the abdominal aorta made the mean angle of 35.5 degree in patients with normal left renal vein, the mean angle of 45.4 degrees in those with left renal vein compression without nutcracker phenomenon, and the mean angle of 11.9 degrees in those with nutcracker phenomenon. CT was superior to ultrasonography, in revealing left renal vein compression.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Localization of HTLV-I-associated antigens in adult T cell leukemia cells and HTLV-I-infected cell line cells].

Localization of HTLV-I-associated antigens was studied in adult T cell leukemia (ATL) cells and HTLV-I-infected cell line cells using monoclonal and human polyclonal antibodies against the viral-related antigens. Two monoclonal antibodies that we obtained by hybridoma technique reacted with HTLV-I-virus core antigens, P19 and P24, respectively. Human anti-HTLV-I-antibodies, which were purified from sera from ATL patients reacted with not only HTLV-I virus particles but also their precursors located in the cytoplasm. In tumor cells freshly isolated from ATL patients, no expression of the virus antigens was observed. When the cells were cultured for several days, the virus antigens were defined in about 3-5% of the cultured cells by the monoclonal antibodies, and in 5-10% by the purified human anti-HTLV-I antibodies. Addition of 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine to the culture inhibited cell growth, and at the same time, increased the percentage of the virus antigen-positive cells. Established HTLV-I-infected cell lines showed different cytological profiles from the original ATL cells in the viral replication and morphology.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1990

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes in human frontal cortex: changes in Alzheimer's disease.

Molecular genetic and pharmacological studies have suggested that several subtypes of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors exist in the mammalian and avian brain. Combining 3H-(-)-nicotine, 125I-alpha-bungarotoxin, and 125I-kappa-bungarotoxin as ligands, we report here the first evidence for the existence in human frontal cortex of at least three different subtypes of nicotinic receptors. Autoradiographic analysis shows that specific 125I-kappa-bungarotoxin binding sites are concentrated mainly in several cortical layers. We also show that kappa-bungarotoxin, but not alpha-bungarotoxin decreases the evoked release of 3H-acetylcholine in rat cortical slices, indicating a likely presynaptic localization for some of the alpha-bungarotoxin-insensitive kappa-bungarotoxin sites in mammalian brain. The brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease show marked decreases in Bmax values for low-affinity 125I-kappa-bungarotoxin sites and both high- and low-affinity 3H-nicotine sites, whereas 125I-alpha-bungarotoxin sites are not significantly different in number from age-matched control brains. We conclude that Alzheimer's disease does not affect all subtypes of nicotinic receptors in the frontal cortex to the same extent.

Acetylcholine↗

PubMed1990

Production of antikeratin autoantibodies by hybrid spleen cells of naive mice.

The mechanism of the occurrence of natural antikeratin antibodies in human sera was studied using hybrid spleen cells obtained from experimentally naive or from immunized mice. Antikeratin antibodies were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 5.9-9.5% of the culture supernatants of fused spleen cells taken from naive mice. When mice were immunized with keratins, the number of supernatants containing antikeratin antibodies was increased to eight out of 51 (15.7%). When immunized with non-keratin materials such as activated human T cells, adult T-cell leukaemia cell lysates, and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-I (HTLV-I), 16.7-20.8% of the supernatants were found to contain antikeratin antibodies by ELISA. The antikeratin antibodies in the supernatants showed cytoplasmic staining of keratinocytes in human as well as mouse skin by indirect immunofluorescence. The antibodies reacted with extracted human epidermal keratins by dot-blot and Western blot analysis. Most antikeratin antibodies in the supernatants did not show cross-reactivity with exogenous antigens used for immunization and vimentin-type intermediate-sized filaments. These findings demonstrate that B cells producing antikeratin antibodies are common in naive mice, and produce various types of antikeratin antibodies following specific activation with epidermal keratins and non-specific immunological stimuli.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Development of computer-aided motion analyzing (CAMA) system for radiopaque implanted tilting disk heart valves.

The newly developed semiautomatic data acquisition and processing system allows progress in quantitative evaluation of functions of implanted tilting disk valves. In the new system, data acquisition could be carried out semiautomatically by utilizing image processing methods, and the data analysis time was shortened. The system consists of a computer-controlled cinefilm loading device, a CCD camera, a frame memory, a superimposer, and CRT displays. Since series of the open- and shut-mode frames are commonly observed by turns in normal subjects, data acquisition was carried out manually at the first frame of each mode and semiautomatically from the second frame to the last. By processing the image data with the binarization method, the valve contours were detected, and an open angle and other motion properties can be obtained. Analyzing 90 frames of the cinefilm, this system analyzes data in a time period 20 min shorter than the manual procedure. With the implanted Medtronic Hall valve, a 60 to 65 degrees open angle was calculated.

Cineradiography↗