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Biomedical subjects

K Suga

Publications and source records attributed to K Suga.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Some evidences of molecular epidemiology in cancer research.

Molecular epidemiology of cancer has been developed along with rapid advances in molecular carcinogenesis, introducing new approaches to etiology and prevention of cancer. First, research activities in Japan are briefly reviewed in this issue focusing on studies of genetic susceptibility, DNA damages, and immunological defense. Then we make an estimation of age periods of initiation for several cancer on the basis of multistaged carcinogenesis. The results are discussed in relation to strategies of cancer prevention in molecular epidemiology, introducing our trials previous and on-going as examples.

Female↗
PubMed1996

[Attempt of helical CT densitometry for assessing regional pulmonary ventilation].

Pulmonary dynamic CT densitometry during steady-state breathing was recorded and analyzed using helical CT scan in 14 patients with obstructive disorders involving small and large airways, and 2 with restrictive lung disease. The data set of 7-second, continuous helical scan at constant table position were reconstructed as 35 one-second temporarily overlapping images at 0.2- second intervals over 2-3 respiratory cycles, and regional CT densitometry was displayed. Normal lungs (5 volunteers) showed a regular sinusoidal curve, and maximal lung density change (LDC) was greater independent lungs than in independent lungs, with an average difference of 29.5 HU, indicating the gravitational effect In contrast, a regular sinusoidal curve was not shown in obstructive disorders, and a significant reduction in maximal LDC (33.7 +/- 22.6 HU) compared with the normal lungs (60.8 +/- 25.9 HU) (P < 0.001) was indicated. In contrast, no marked reduction in maximal LDC (53.7 +/- 28.6 HU) was shown in restrictive disorders. This method is fast and easy, and appears useful for the detection of ventilation abnormalities in obstructive lung disorders.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1996

Iodine-123-MIBG imaging in pheochromocytoma with cardiomyopathy and pulmonary edema.

We encountered a patient with pheochromocytoma associated with a catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy that developed recurrently bilateral and unilateral pulmonary edema. The diagnosis of pheochromocytoma was made by elevated plasma catecholamine levels and the intense tumor [123I]MIBG uptake and was confirmed at the time of surgery. The patient showed reduced myocardial [123I]MIBG uptake with left ventricular dysfunction, and endomyocardial biopsy findings were consistent with the diagnosis of catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy. After tumor resection, plasma levels of catecholamine were normalized, and pulmonary edema never recurred, although cardiac dysfunction did not show an improvement on echocardiography. Myocardial and lung [123I]MIBG uptake increased when compared to uptake levels on preoperative scans, but myocardial uptake was still below normal. These findings indicated that over-secreted catecholamines influenced both the heart and lungs. Pheochromocytoma can induce cardiac and lung injuries, and [123I]MIBG scanning may contribute not only to tumor characterization but also to assessing and monitoring the influence of catecholamines on the heart and lungs.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1996

Dynamic pulmonary SPECT of xenon-133 gas washout.

UNLABELLED: A triple-detector SPECT data acquisition mode of "continuous repetitive rotation acquisition" was applied to dynamic pulmonary SPECT with 133Xe gas. METHODS: Subjects included 7 healthy volunteers, 22 patients with a space-occupying mass lesion, 22 with obstructive lung disease and 10 with restrictive lung disease. Following rebreathing of 133Xe, equilibrium and washout SPECT images during spontaneous breathing were acquired every 30 sec for 5-7 min. Regional 133Xe washout was assessed by the real half-time (T1/2) and mean transit time (MTT) images. RESULTS: SPECT and MTT images represented a gravity-induced gradient of ventilation in normal lungs and detailed the distribution of heterogeneous 133Xe washout in patient's lungs with or without abnormalities on chest x-ray CT. The T1/2 (111.4 +/- 26.4 sec) and its coefficient of variation (0.36 +/- 0.13) in obstructive lung diseases were significantly different from those (56.8 +/- 3.9 sec and 0.16 +/- 0.15) in restrictive lung diseases (p < 0.001, p < 0.05, respectively). Comparison of SPECT and planar studies assessed in 19 patients revealed superiority of SPECT in detecting ventilatory abnormalities and a high correlation of T1/2 between the two studies ( r= 0.977, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This modality has excellent potential for elucidating the distribution and nature of ventilatory abnormalities.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1996

[A case of bilateral adrenal neuroblastomas detected by bone scintigraphy].

A 7-month-old girl, who had been resected the left adrenal neuroblastoma 20 days ago, underwent bone scintigraphy with 90mTc-HMDP to survey bone metastases. The bone scan demonstrated avid uptake in the right adrenal gland, in which 123I-MIBG also accumulated. However, the degree of 123-I-MIBG uptake in the right adrenal gland was not necessary higher compared to that in the normal adrenal glands in 7 patients after resection of hemilateral neuroblastomas. Reviewing the preoperative abdominal CT, a swelling of the right adrenal gland had been overlooked because of the small size of 10 x 12 mm in diameter. The follow-up CT after surgery revealed a more growth of the right adrenal gland, accompanied by reelevation of urine vanilmandelic acid. This patient was thus diagnosed as bilateral neuroblastomas. Because bone scintigraphy frequently shows abnormal uptake in primary neuroblastomas, it has potentially diagnostic value for early detection of bilateral adrenal neuroblastomas.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1995

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma with two distinct clones in the peripheral blood and lymph node.

A case of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) with two different clones in the peripheral blood and lymph nodes is reported here. When cellular DNA from the lymph node was digested with EcoRI, one band larger than 9 Kb was detected. Digestion of the cellular DNA with PstI resulted in one clear band in addition to three internal fragments. In contrast, when cellular DNA from malignant peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) was digested with the same endonucleases, distinct bands at positions different from those observed in the lymph node were detected, indicating two separate malignant clones in the patient. Monoclonality of the tumor cells was shown by T-cell receptor-beta (TCR-beta) gene rearrangement in both PBL and lymph node. Furthermore, there was a difference in the surface phenotype between tumor cells taken from peripheral blood (CD4+, CD8-) and lymph node (CD4+, CD8+). These findings suggest the presence of two different ATL clones in PBL and lymph node in a single patient simultaneously, which is distinguishable by the integration pattern of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) proviral DNA.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Regional ventilatory evaluation using dynamic SPET imaging of xenon-133 washout in obstructive lung disease: an initial study.

Regional ventilatory abnormalities in obstructive lung disease were evaluated by dynamic single-photon emission tomography (SPET) of pulmonary washout of xenon-133 (133Xe) gas. The subjects included seven healthy volunteers. 17 patients with obstructive lung disease, and seven patients with restrictive lung disease. Following 6 min of inhalation of 133Xe gas (60-72 MBq/l), equilibrium and subsequent washout SPET images during spontaneous breathing were sequentially acquired every 30 s for 6-7 min, using a triple-head SPET system with the return mode of continuous repetitive rotating acquisition. A gravity-induced gradient of ventilation was demonstrated in the volunteers' lungs. Compared with the normal subjects, all the patients with obstructive disease showed abnormal 133Xe retention on the washout SPET images, with or without abnormalities on chest X-ray computed tomography, whereas the patients with restrictive disease did not show any significant delays in washout. This modality may assist in the evaluation of the three-dimensional dynamic process of ventilatory abnormalities in obstructive lung disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Risk factors for the development of acute disseminated intravascular coagulation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Since acute disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) often contributes to a fatal outcome in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), prediction of its development is important to prevent the occurrence of such an event. To analyze the risk factor(s) contributing to the development of acute DIC in SLE, we carried out a retrospective study of a series of 129 SLE patients, eight of whom developed DIC during the course of this disease, to assess which of the easily assessable parameters, present at the time of first medical examination, were of predictive significance. The important individual variables, determined by univariate analysis, were male sex, leukopenia, and infection. These factors were placed in a multivariate logistic regression model, and only one factor, infection at first medical examination, was found to have predictive significance for the development of acute DIC in SLE patients. The prevention and control of infection in SLE patients might have implications for preventing the development of acute DIC.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Abnormal extrapulmonary accumulation of 99mTc-MAA during lung perfusion scanning.

We present fourteen patients with an abnormal extrapulmonary accumulation on lung perfusion scintigraphy with 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin (MAA), who were examined during the last decade. These included six patients with lung cancer, four with pulmonary arterio-venous fistula, two with congenital heart disease, one with inferior vena cava (IVC) syndrome and one with congenital bronchogenic cyst. All six patients with lung cancer had superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome, and the tumor invaded the thoracic wall. As causes of abnormal accumulation, fourteen patients had a right-to-left shunt, and one patient with IVC syndrome had a systemic vein-to-portal vein shut, and one patient with lung cancer associated with superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome had both right-to-left and systemic vein-to-portal vein shunts. In the two patients with systemic vein-to-portal vein shunts, a hot spot was observed at the hepatic hilum, and radionuclide venography revealed remarkably developed collateral pathways to the portal vein. An extrapulmonary accumulation seen on 99mTc-MAA lung perfusion scan therefore indicates the existence of unusual hemodynamics with a shunt. We should therefore be careful not to overlook this peculiar finding.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Detection of minimal residual disease in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia and t(6;9) at the time of peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.

A 16-year-old Japanese woman with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and t(6;9) received peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT). Although chromosomal studies just prior to and following PBSCT showed a normal karyotype, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detected the mRNA derived from the dek-can fusion gene of t(6;9) following PBSCT and in the harvested stem cells. Following PBSCT, she relapsed. To our knowledge, this case is the first report from Japan in which minimal residual disease was detected with RT-PCR in AML with t(6;9). These methods should improve the use and outcome of PBSCT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Prolidase from Xanthomonas maltophilia: purification and characterization of the enzyme.

Prolidase (iminodipeptidase, EC 3.4.13.9) was purified from an extract of Xanthomonas maltophilia, by ammonium sulfate fractionation and sequential chromatographies on DEAE-Toyopearl, Toyopearl HW65C, FPLC-Hiload Superdex 200 pg, and FPLC-Hitrap Q columns, which an activity recovery of 2.3%. The enzyme was the most active at pH 7.5 with Leu-Pro as substrate. It was stable between pH 6.0 and 8.5 for 60 min at 37 degrees C and retained half of activity after 60 min at 37 degrees C. The isoelectric point of the enzyme was 3.7. Its molecular weight was estimated to be 100,000 by gel filtration on FPLC-Hiload Superdex 200 and 51,000 by SDS-PAGE, suggesting that it is a dimer. It hydrolyzed dipeptides only if proline is located at the carboxyl terminal position. The enzyme was inhibited by PCMB and o-phenanthroline, and was activated by Mn2+.

Chromatography, Ion Exchange↗
PubMed1995

Prolylcarboxypeptidase (angiotensinase C): purification and characterization of the enzyme from Xanthomanas maltophilia.

Prolylcarboxypeptidase (Angiotensinase C, EC 3.4.16.2) was purified to homogeneity from cell free extracts of Xanthomonas maltophilia by ammonium sulfate fractionation and sequential chromatographies on DEAE-Toyopearl, Sephadex G-150, FPLC-Hiload Superdex 200 pg, and FPLC-Hitrap SP columns, with an activity recovery of 15%. The molecular weight of the enzyme was found to be 330,000 by gel filtration and 83,000 by SDS-PAGE, suggesting a tetrameric form for the native enzyme. It had an optimum pH of 8.5 and stability between pH 8.0 and 11.0. The isoelectric point of the enzyme was 6.6. The enzyme hydrolyzed Pro-X bonds when proline was in the penultimate position from the carboxyl terminal. The enzyme was strongly inhibited by diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP), while phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), p-chloromercuribenzoic acid (PCMB), iodoacetamide, and metal chelators had no effect.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

[Evaluation of pancreatic cancers using thallium-201 single photon emission computed tomography].

Radionuclide study has not been frequently applied to pancreatic cancers because of the absence of suitable radiopharmaceuticals for their positive depiction. We evaluated thallium-201 chloride (201T1) SPECT for the investigation of pancreatic cancers. The subjects included 24 patients with pancreatic cancer, seven with benign disorders and 10 controls. Each patient fasted prior to the examination for more than 12 hr, and 201T1 SPECT was obtained 10 min after the injection of 148-222 MBq of 201T1. When the boundary of tumor uptake of 201T1 was unclear because of the adjacent physiological liver activity, subtracted SPECT using 99mTc-phytate was performed to clarify it. 201T1 did not accumulate in the pancreas of the controls. In contrast, of the 24 pancreatic cancers, 21 demonstrated positive uptake, for a sensitivity rate of 87.5%, and the mean tumor/liver ratio was 0.76 +/- 0.16 (range, 0.58-1.28). Abnormal uptake was also noted in three of the seven benign disorders, but with a comparatively lower lesion/liver ratio (range, 0.35-0.51). 201T1 activity per mg tissue in the resected specimens of two patients with pancreatic cancer revealed higher activity in the tumor than in normal parenchyma. 201T1 uptake in the five conservatively treated pancreatic cancers showed alteration similar to the serum level of tumor markers. These results suggest that 201T1 SPECT may have clinical potential for investigating pancreatic cancers as well as for the monitoring of treatment effect.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

Thallium-201 SPECT and technetium-99m-phytate subtraction liver imaging in the evaluation of pancreatic cancers.

UNLABELLED: We preliminarily evaluated the usefulness of 201Tl SPECT in the investigation of pancreatic cancers. METHODS: The subjects included 32 patients with malignant tumors, 16 with benign disorders and 10 controls. SPECT was performed 10 min after the injection of 148-222 MBq of 201Tl; subjects had fasted to minimize intestinal activity. In addition, subtracted SPECT using 99mTc-phytate to separate the boundary of abnormal uptake from liver activity was carried out in 14 patients. RESULTS: Thallium-201 did not accumulate in the pancreatic bed of the controls. In contrast, 29 of the 32 patients with malignant tumors showed positive phytate uptake with a sensitivity of 90.6% in the detection of malignancy. Of the 16 benign disorders, only four patients showed abnormal uptake; however, the mean value of the lesion-to-hepatic ratio (0.43 +/- 0.06; range, 0.35-0.51), as an index of the degree of uptake, was lower than that in positive malignant tumors (0.72 +/- 0.16; range, 0.53-1.28). Thallium-201 activity per milligram of resected cancer tissue in two patients was 2-3 times greater than in normal tissue. Follow-up 201Tl SPECT in the five treated patients demonstrated similar alterations between 201Tl uptake and tumor markers. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that 201Tl SPECT may have clinical potential in the investigation of pancreatic cancers.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Bone scintigraphy in growth hormone-secreting pulmonary cancer and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy.

Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy was detected in a 55-yr-old man with pulmonary squamous-cell cancer by bone scintigraphy using 99mTc-hydroxy methylene diphosphonate (HMDP). Intense symmetrical uptake was demonstrated in the distal portions of the long bones as was the parallel tract sign, accompanied by markedly elevated serum growth hormone levels. After chemoradiotherapy for pulmonary cancer, the arthralgia disappeared and scintigraphic findings and serum growth hormone levels improved, suggesting that ectopic production of growth hormone in the pulmonary tumor had been associated with hypertrophic osteoarthropathy. These findings indicate that bone scintigraphy is useful for detecting hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, and assessing alterations in hypertrophic osteoarthropathy activity post-treatment.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1995

[Evaluation of regional pulmonary 133Xe-gas washout with dynamic SPECT imaging obtained by a triple-headed SPECT system with continuous repetitive rotating acquisition mode].

The clinical potential of the dynamic SPECT in studying pulmonary washout of Xenon-133 (133Xe), using a triple-headed SPECT system (Toshiba GCA 9300A/HG, Japan) with continuous repetitive rotating acquisition mode, was preliminarily investigated in 6 healthy volunteers and 23 patients with various lung diseases. The equilibrium image was initially acquired for 1 min after breathing 133Xe gas (370 MBq) in a closed circuit for 6 min, and subsequently serial 133Xe-washout SPECT images were continuously acquired every 60 sec for 5-6 min. As the ventilation index, the real half time of regional activity was evaluated. The SPECT study demonstrated the gravity-induced gradient on ventilation in the normal subjects. In the various lung diseases, it allowed us to demonstrate visually and quantitatively the dynamic process and three-dimensional distribution of ventilation abnormalities, with or without chest radiographic abnormalities. These results indicate clinical potential of pulmonary dynamic SPECT of 133Xe-washout for elucidating the distribution and nature of ventilation abnormalities in various lung diseases.

Adult↗