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Biomedical subjects

K Sudo

Publications and source records attributed to K Sudo.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Pharmacological studies on schizandra fruits. III. Effects of wuweizisu C, a lignan component of schizandra fruits, on experimental liver injuries in rats].

The effects of wuweizisu C, a lignan component of schizandra fruits, on liver injuries induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), d-galactosamine and dl-ethionine were investigated by means of serum-biochemical and histopathological examinations in rats. Pretreatment or combined administration of wuweizisu C dose-dependently reduced the elevation of serum transaminase activity and histological changes such as fatty degeneration, cell necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, etc., which were caused by the single administration of 1 ml/kg, p.o., or the repeated administration of 0.2 ml/kg, s.c., daily for 4 days of CCl4, respectively. The effects of wuweizisu C on the liver injuries induced by a low dose (200 mg/kg, i.p.) and a high dose (400 mg/kg, i.p.) of d-galactosamine were compared with those of uridine. Wuweizisu C significantly lowered the rise of serum transaminase activity after the administration of a low dose of d-galactosamine in the serum-biochemical analysis. A tendency was also shown to inhibit cell necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration caused by both doses of d-galactosamine in the histopathological examination. On the other hand, uridine markedly repaired the serum-biochemical and histopathological changes after the administrations of both doses of d-galactosamine. Also wuweizisu C cured the liver injury by the repeated administration of 150 mg/kg, i.p., daily for 4 days of d-galactosamine. After the repeated administration of 250 mg/kg, s.c., daily for 4 days of ethionine, liver cell atrophy, diffuse fatty degeneration and decrease of serum triglyceride were observed, but not cell necrosis. Wuweizisu C dose-dependently inhibited fatty degeneration and decrease of serum triglyceride. These findings suggest that wuweizisu C can be protective and/or therapeutic on hepatocellular phenomena such as cell necrosis, fatty degeneration, inflammatory cell infiltration, etc., in human hepatitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Modified anti-C3 immune complex assay which avoids interference by anti-F(ab')2 antibodies.

The present authors and Olds et al. reported that the anti-F(ab')2 antibodies (Abs) in serum interfere with the solid phase (SP) anti-C3 immune complex assay. The anti-F(ab')2 Abs in human sera bind solid phase F(ab')2 anti-C3 of rabbit or goat, and were measured erroneously as C3 bearing circulating immune complexes (CIC). Gel filtration analysis of SP anti-C3 assay revealed that C3 bearing CIC is detected only in heavy fractions and 7S CIC-like activity is not CIC but anti-F(ab')2 activity. As the molecular weight of such CIC is heavy enough to be precipitated by 5% polyethylene glycol (PEG) and IgG anti-F(ab')2 Abs and free C3 are not included in 5% PEG precipitates, 5% PEG precipitates of the test sera were used for SP anti-C3 (Modified SP anti-C3). CIC measured by modified SP anti-C3 were positive in 14/16 at active stage of SLE and positive only in 2/16 at inactive stage. CIC by this test were also correlated well to serum complement activity, and were thought to be clinically reliable and useful.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1985

Circulating immune complex-like materials which bind to heat inactivated C1q interfere with the C1q solid phase assay for immune complexes.

C1q solid phase assay (C1q SP) was devised based on the fact that immune complexes (IC) and aggregated human globulin (AHG) bind to C1q. Neither IC nor AHG was found to bind to heat inactivated C1q. On the other hand, circulating immune complex (CIC)-like materials in patients' sera were able to bind to heat inactivated C1q, indicating that these CIC-like materials are not true CIC. Gel filtration analysis showed that molecular size of such CIC-like materials was almost the same as monomeric IgG, while true CIC were in heavy fractions. True CIC did not bind to heat inactivated C1q but bind only to native C1q. The CIC-like activity is not due to rheumatoid factors. About 2/3 of CIC positive sera by C1q-SP are not really CIC positive but are due to interference by the CIC-like materials.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

A new and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of C3 nephritic factor.

C3 nephritic factor (C3 NeF) was measured by assessing its capacity to form complex with C3 and B using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Incubation of C3 NeF with normal human serum in the presence of MgEGTA resulted in a dose-dependent increase of C3-B-IgG complex. No complex was formed in EDTA. The C3 NeF titer estimated in this way was in good accordance with those reported previously by other indirect methods.

Complement C3↗
PubMed1985

[Experimental study on intrahepatic gas tensions measured by mass spectrometry: effect on temporary occlusion of the afferent hepatic circulation].

In 24 mongrel dogs, a mass spectrometer was utilized to measure intrahepatic pO2 and pCO2 levels subjected to various degrees of inspired oxygen concentration, or interruption of the afferent hepatic circulation. The mean intrahepatic pO2 and pCO2 levels in dogs breathing 70% O2 were 46.0 +/- 13.3(SD) mmHg and 27.4 +/- 13.0mmHg, respectively. Progressive rise of the intrahepatic pO2 and pCO2 was observed with increase in the arterial pO2 and pCO2 when the hepatic circulation was kept constant. When the hepatic artery was interrupted, mean intrahepatic pO2 fell rapidly to 20% of the control value, and mean intrahepatic pCO2 rose to 200%. Rather wide dispersion of the values among the experimental animals during the hepatic artery interruption was speculated to reflect the variety of collateral hepatic arterial supply and various degrees of congestion of portal blood flow. Transient decrease in the mean intrahepatic pO2 was observed following interruption of the portal vein. Intrahepatic pO2 rapidly fell to zero and pCO2 increased in a lineal fashion when the total hepatic circulation was interrupted. The latter rose to 453% of the control value 30 minutes after interruption, then the rate of rise gradually decreased until a plateau was reached one hour later. This decrease in the rate of rise in intrahepatic pCO2 was regarded to reflect the reduction of energy production through the anerobic pathway due to irreversible hepatic parenchymal degeneration. It is suggested that the measurement of intrahepatic gas tensions under various conditions by a mass spectrometer technique is useful for evaluating changes of intrahepatic microcirculation and dynamic aspects of anerobic metabolism of the liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Proliferating sites of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi in mice by different routes of inoculation evidenced with immunofluorescence.

The sites of multiplication of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi in mice by different routes of inoculation were investigated by means of immunofluorescence. R. tsutsugamushi (Kato, Karp, Gilliam and Miyake strains) inoculated by intraperitoneal route multiplied significantly in mesothelial and inflammatory cells of the peritoneal cavity of DDD and BALB/c (nu/nu) mice. The rickettsial growth was not detected in parenchymal cells of the liver, spleen, kidneys and lymph nodes of DDD mice, but slightly observed in those cells of the nude mice. When inoculated by subcutaneous route, the rickettsial antigens were detected in small amount in the peritoneal mesothelial and inflammatory cells, whereas a marked proliferation of R. tsutsugamushi was demonstrated in liver cells, Kupffer cells, and endothelial cells of the sinus of spleen and lymph nodes. A specific antibody to Karp strain, administered intraperitoneally, prevented effectively rickettsial growth in the peritoneal cavity of BALB/c (nu/nu) mice challenged intraperitoneally, 6 hours later, with Miyake strain (Karp type) and the animals were infected after a long-term incubation period showing the findings of rickettsial localization similar to that in subcutaneously inoculated animals. This fact suggests a partial involvement of humoral immunity in resistance of mice against R. tsutsugamushi infection. The potential importance of these findings in experimental infection with R. tsutsugamushi was discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Immunochemical properties of immunoglobulin G conjugated with lactate dehydrogenase.

Quantitative binding affinities of immunoglobulin G (IgG) for the five isoenzymes of lactate dehydrogenase (LD; EC 1.1.1.27) were determined for IgG isolated from three patients' sera that contained LD-IgG complexes. These three IgGs formed soluble complexes with four (LD 1, 2, 3, 5) of the five LD isoenzymes in two of the patients and in the third they bound with three (LD 2, 3, 4) of the five LD isoenzymes without inhibiting the enzyme activity or precipitating with the enzyme molecules. When rabbit antibody to human IgG was added to these sera, the complexes between the LD isoenzymes and the patients' isolated IgG were completely precipitated. The equilibrium constants for the respective isolated IgG complexes with LD-3 were 0.102, 2.58, and 7.49 X 10(8) L/mol. In these three cases, LD-3 evoked the strongest response from the prepared IgG, demonstrating that the site of antigen recognition of LD-linked IgG was not associated with the structure of individual H and M subunits.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Clinical evaluation of the microporous hollow fiber oxygenator.

This report concerns a clinical evaluation for a newly devised hollow fiber oxygenator, Capiox II. It functions on a one-pump system, and is simple to set up and operate. This equipment was used for 118 patients undergoing cardiac surgery at Tokyo University Hospital from February 1982 through February 1983. The gas transfer capacity proved to be satisfactory. The employment of an air-oxygen blender prevented overoxygenation, and reasonable levels of PaO2 and PaCO2 were demonstrated with a FiO2 0.7, V/Q ratio 0.7 at normothermia. The destruction of platelets was much less with the use of this oxygenator, as compared to findings with the BOS-10. Hemolysis by Capiox II appeared to be lower than that by BOS-10, but the difference was not statistically significant. Differences were distinct in the amount of microbubbles; strikingly, no bubble was evidenced in Capiox II by the ultrasound bubble detector, during general procedures. We conclude that Capiox II is of excellent clinical value, and should be used especially for infants as well as adult patients with possible long perfusions. The merits and demerits of this equipment are given attention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Examination of the subcellular distribution of tripeptide aminopeptidase and evaluation of its clinical usefulness in human serum.

Following electrophoretic separation, we assayed tripeptide aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.4) in human tissues and sera free of interferences by other aminopeptidases. Tripeptide aminopeptidase is distributed in various human tissues, with the highest activity observed in liver and lymphocytes. The highest specific activity of the enzyme was observed in the soluble fraction prepared from liver, and 65% of the enzyme activity in the original homogenate was recovered in this fraction. Cancerous and fetal tissues showed lower enzyme activities than normal adult tissues. Elevations of tripeptide aminopeptidase were observed in sera of patients with liver disorders, leukemias, and autoimmune diseases.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1984

Evaluation of cytosolic aminopeptidase in human sera. Evaluation in hepatic disorders.

Employing the quantitative electrophoretic separation of cytosolic "LAP" activity (EC. 3.4.11.1), the authors investigated the clinical significances of cytosolic and total "LAP" activities in the sera of patients with several different hepatic disorders and elucidated the previously confusing results of aminopeptidase measurements in clinical laboratories. The dominant aminopeptidases measured in human sera by L-leucinamide as substrate are both cytosolic "LAP" and microsomal aminopeptidase (EC. 3.4.11.2). Total "LAP" activity means the sum of these two aminopeptidases. Different substrate specificities are observed in these two enzymes located in other subcellular fractions and different increasing rates of these enzymes are observed in various hepatic diseases. In cases of acute hepatic cell damage, cytosolic "LAP" accounts for a large percentage of total "LAP" of a patient's serum. On the other hand, in cases of elevation of hepatobiliary enzymes, microsomal aminopeptidase constitutes a large part of total "LAP" activity, and the ratio between cytosolic and total "LAP" activity is very low.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1984

Radioimmunoassay for serum levels of an anti-androgen TSAA-291 (Oxendolone) in rats.

A simple radioimmunoassay method was established to determine serum levels of a steroidal anti-androgen, TSAA-291 (Oxendolone, 16 beta-ethyl-17 beta-hydroxy-4-estren-3-one) utilizing ether-extract of serum. Using an antiserum raised against TSAA-291-3-oxime-BSA conjugate in a rabbit, a standard curve was obtained in the assay range from 30 pg to 12 ng/tube. Intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were calculated to be 11 and 21%, respectively. Recovery rate of unlabeled TSAA-291 was 84%. Cross-reaction with endogenous steroids was less than 0.2%. TSAA-291 estimates were compared with those determined after further purification on a Celite column, or with those assayed with a gas-liquid chromatograph. The difference between these estimates was less than 16 and 25%, respectively, suggesting little contribution of the metabolites of TSAA-291 to the estimates by the radioimmunoassay. After successive treatments of male rats with TSAA-291 in an aqueous suspension in daily doses of 5, 15 and 50 mg/kg body weight for two weeks, serum TSAA-291 levels were determined by the radio immunoassay and calculated to be 22.7, 76.9 and 194.9 ng/ml, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Pharmacological studies on ginger. I. Pharmacological actions of pungent constitutents, (6)-gingerol and (6)-shogaol.

General pharmacological studies were performed on (6)-gingerol and (6)-shogaol which are the pungent constituents of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe). Intravenous (i.v.) administration of (6)-gingerol (at 1.75-3.5 mg/kg) or (6)-shogaol (at 1.75-3.5 mg/kg) and oral administration of them (at 70-140 mg/kg) produced an inhibition of spontaneous motor activity, an antipyretic and analgesic effects, prolonged hexobarbital-induced sleeping time, and these effects of (6)-shogaol were mostly more intensive than that of (6)-gingerol. (6)-Shogaol showed an intense antitussive effect in comparison with dihydrocodeine phosphate. In the electro-encephalogram of cortex, the low amplitude fast wave pattern was observed for 5 min after i.v. administration of (6)-shogaol, and then changed to the drowsy pattern, which was restored after 60 min. In the gastro-intestinal system, (6)-shogaol intensively inhibited the traverse of charcoal meal through the intestine in contrast with (6)-gingerol after i.v. administration of 3.5 mg/kg, but (6)-shogaol facilitated such an intestinal function after oral administration of 35 mg/kg. Both (6)-shogaol and (6)-gingerol suppressed gastric contraction in situ, and the suppression by the former was more intensive than that by the latter. In the cardiovascular system, both (6)-shogaol and (6)-gingerol produced depressor response at lower doses on the blood pressure. At high doses, both drugs produced three phase pattern.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1984

Biphasic release of thyrotropin in response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) from rat anterior pituitary cells in vitro: possible dependence on protein synthesis.

Mechanisms related to the biphasic release of TSH were studied using primary cultured cells of the rat anterior pituitary gland on micro-carrier beads in a superfusion system. Release of TSH in response to continuous exposure to TRH exhibited a biphasic pattern; the first phase was characterized by a rapid, transient and high-rate release (phase I) and the second phase by a chronic and low-rate release (phase II). The shift of the release from phase I to phase II occurred by treatment with TRH at concentrations from submaximal to maximal. When the Ca2+ concentration in the medium was decreased, the phase I release was partially inhibited, while the phase II release was completely inhibited, suggesting a difference between the mechanisms in phase I and phase II release. The phase I release was not suppressed by cycloheximide. This protein synthesis-independent release of phase I seemed to be linked to the intracellular releasable pool of TSH. The phase II release was suppressed by the presence of a protein synthesis inhibitor. After the phase II release was suppressed by cycloheximide, the magnitude of phase I release in response to re-exposure to TRH markedly decreased. The decreased phase I release in response to TRH was observed with the cells which were previously stimulated by high K+ instead of TRH, suggesting that the decrease in the response of phase I reflects the depletion of a releasable pool of TSH rather than homologous desensitization of thyrotrophs with TRH. These results suggest that the phase I release of TSH depends on a portion of the previously prepared-releasable pool while phase II release depends on previously prepared plus newly prepared pools of TSH. Replenishment of the releasable TSH pool was considered to involve protein synthesis.

Animals↗