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Biomedical subjects

K Stanley

Publications and source records attributed to K Stanley.

69 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

A monoclonal antibody to the heavy chain of clathrin.

Monoclonal antibodies have been raised to pig brain triskelions and one clone, DC41, was found to recognize the clathrin heavy chain by immunoblotting. However, both by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy, and in complete contrast to polyclonal anti-clathrin antibodies, monoclonal DC41 did not label either coated pits or coated vesicles anywhere in the cell. Instead it appeared to label the cell cytoplasm. These data suggest that DC41 recognizes a cytoplasmic form of clathrin, perhaps that form produced by uncoating of coated vesicles which is then ready to re-build another coated pit.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of chemotherapy alone versus chemotherapy and radiation therapy of extensive small cell carcinoma of the lung.

In a randomized study 145 patients with extensive small cell carcinoma of the lung were treated with chemotherapy alone (Cytoxan, CCNU, methotrexate) or with the same drug regimen and with radiation therapy to the brain, chest, and abdomen. One hundred eighteen of these patients were evaluable. Those patients receiving radiation had a better response rate (55% vs 31%, P = .016) but significantly greater toxicity. There was no significant difference in rates of complete response (7% vs 8%) or in survival (median 18.4 vs 15.3 weeks) between the two groups overall. The median survival of those patients with a partial response to therapy was 18 weeks; for those achieving a complete response it was 46 weeks. However, a clear difference in survival comparing responders with non-responders was evident only for patients who were assigned to chemotherapy alone. Partial regressions have little, if any, correlation with improvement in survival. Therapy in this disease must be oriented toward inducing complete response.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Phase II study of cisplatin, maytansine, and chlorozotocin in small cell lung carcinoma (EST 2578).

Seventy-three patients with small cell lung carcinoma refractory to standard chemotherapy were entered in this phase II randomized study of cisplatin, maytansine, and chlorozotocin. Of the 58 evaluable patients, only one partial response was observed among 21 patients given cisplatin, and no responses were seen among 19 given maytansine or 18 given chlorozotocin. One patient treated with chlorozotocin and two treated with cisplatin experienced life-threatening thrombocytopenia. One third of the maytansine-treated patients experienced moderate or severe neurologic toxicity. The overall median survival was 9.7 weeks. Chlorozotocin treatment was associated with inferior survival (7.7 weeks).

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1981

Radiotherapy in the management of locally advanced lung cancer of all cell types: final report of randomized trial.

Between 1975 and 1978, 343 evaluable male patients with a diagnosis of locally advanced lung cancer of all cell types were entered in Protocol 15. The patients had unresectable or inoperable tumor limited to one hemithorax and no evidence of distant metastases. The cell-type distribution was as follows: squamous cell carcinoma (Sq CC) 137 (40%); positive cytology 66 (19%); large cell carcinoma 57 (17%); small cell carcinoma (SCC) 46 (13%) and adenocarcinoma 37 (11%). An intermediate course of irradiation (ICI) of 5000 rads in 25 fractions, 200 rads each, in 5 weeks was compared with a short course of irradiation (SCI) of 4200 rads in 15 fractions, 280 rads each, in 3 weeks (equal Nominal Standard Dose). The effectiveness of low dose irradiation to control subclinical brain metastases was studied and was reported separately. The median survival for all 343 patients was 38 weeks. There was no significant difference in survival, response and control rate between the 191 ICI and the 152 SCI patients. The following factors had a significant individual influence on survival: initial performance status, ambulatory vs. nonambulatory, P = 0.006; histology, Sq CC vs. other cell types (OCT), P = 0.0007; prior surgery, less than 6 weeks vs. greater than 6 weeks, p = 0.04; tumor size, diameter less than 6 cm vs. greater than 6 cm, P = 0.05 and weight loss less than 5% vs. greater than 5% in the previous 6 months, P = 0.01. The overall response rate (CR or PR) was 38%. The median duration of response was shorter for the ICI group when compared with the SCI group, 18.4 vs. 34.4 weeks, P = 0.02. The presence of partial or complete response enhanced the median survival 50 vs. 31 weeks. Cell type, Sq CC vs. OCT was an important factor for the duration of response, 49 vs. 21 weeks, P = 0.0006. The complication rate was similar for the 191 ICI patients when compared with the 152 SCI patients. There were however, two patients with radiation myelopathy among the SCI patients and none among the ICI patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Cranial irradiation in cancer of the lung of all cell types.

The Veterans Administration Lung Group conducted a prospective study of irradiation for subclinical brain metastases in patients with inoperable carcinoma of the lung between 1975 and 1978. Patients were randomized to receive whole-brain irradiation (2,000 rads in two weeks) or no brain treatment, and to receive one of two regimens of thoracic irradiation. Three hundred twenty-three patients with normal radionuclide brain scans were able to be evaluated. The rate of clinical brain metastasis was 26% for patients with small cell carcinoma vs 10% for the "non-small-cell" group. A statistically insignificant decrease in the rate of brain metastasis was found among irradiated patients with small cell carcinoma. The frequency of brain metastasis in the non-small-cell patients was reduced from 13% to 6% by irradiation. Prophylactic cranial irradiation can decrease morbidity from non-small-cell carcinoma of the lung.

Brain↗
PubMed1980

A statistical analysis of murine stem cell suicide techniques.

The clinical application of soft agar cloning techniques for granulocyte-macrophage stem cells (CFU-C) has resulted in a number of contradictory reports that may in part be due to an inadequate data base. Growth of murine CFU-C is more reproducible and less variable than that of human CFU-C. We utilized in vivo hydroxyurea suicide of murine marrow CFU-C to address the question of how many experiments are needed to detect a specific difference with a p of less than 0.05. In 66 experiments the mean marrow CFU-C hydroxyurea kill was 23.3%; 6-9 separate experiments were necessary to detaect differences of 25%-30%. In order to be sure that a 25%-30% difference is not present, 15-21 experiments were required. Using a Dec-20 computer, 1000 samples of sample size 3, 4, or 10 were drawn from the 66 experiments; it was found that with 3 experiments and a true value of 23%, the actually observed value was below 10%, 17% of the time, and was over 40% in 10% of the samplings. In a smaller number of experiments similar results were obtained analyzing 3HTdR suicide of pluripotent stem cells and CFU-C. These data could provide a base from which to judge the validity of studies utilizing the CFU-C technique.

Cell Cycle↗
PubMed1979

Evaluation of sternal bone marrow aspiration for detection of tumor cells in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma.

We evaluated sternal bone marrow aspiration as a routine pretreatment procedure in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. The overall rate of identification of tumor cells by this technique was found to be low. When oat cell bronchogenic carcinoma was considered as a separate entity, the positive rate was higher. However, in no instance did the bone marrow aspiration result in a change in clinical staging.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessing the nutritional needs of the geriatric patient with diabetes.

The 1994 Nutrition Guidelines reinforce that all nutritional plans for people with diabetes should be individualized, which is particularly important and necessary for elderly patients. The geriatric population poses many unique challenges to the healthcare professional due to physiological changes and many other risk factors that affect nutritional status either directly or indirectly. A thorough nutritional assessment that includes an evaluation of the potential nutritional risk factors described in this article can help in developing an effective and realistic nutritional plan for achieving and maintaining good blood glucose control and good nutritional status in geriatric patients with diabetes.

Aged↗