[Same requirements for bedside testing?].
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Chemistry, Clinical↗
Biomedical subjects
K Sondell
Publications and source records attributed to K Sondell.
A method for communication analysis in prosthodontics.
Particularly in prosthodontics, in which the issues of esthetic preferences and possibilities are abundant, improved knowledge about dentist patient communication during clinical encounters is important. Because previous studies on communication used different methods and patient materials, the results are difficult to evaluate. There is, therefore, a need for methodologic development. One method that makes it possible to quantitatively describe different interaction behaviors during clinical encounters is the Roter Method of Interaction Process Analysis (RIAS). Since the method was developed in the USA for use in the medical context, a translation of the method into Swedish and a modification of the categories for use in prosthodontics were necessary. The revised manual was used to code 10 audio recordings of dentist patient encounters at a specialist clinic for prosthodontics. No major alterations of the RIAS manual were made during the translation and modification. The study shows that it is possible to distinguish patterns of communication in audio-recorded dentist patient encounters. The method also made the identification of different interaction profiles possible. These profiles distinguished well among the audio-recorded encounters. The coding procedures were tested for intra-rater reliability and found to be 97% for utterance classification and lambda = 0.76 for categorization definition. It was concluded that the revised RIAS method is applicable in communication studies in prosthodontics.
Communication↗
Dentist-patient communication: a review of relevant models.
A review of the literature on dental treatment was conducted and models presented of the doctor/dentist-patient relationship. These models are listed and divided into two subgroups, empirical and normative models. The models are scrutinized with focus on the dentist-patient communicative relationship exclusively. Different doctor/dentist-patient relationships are described. External factors influencing these relationships are defined. An analysis of dentist-patient communication is made, and a new model of dentist-patient communication is suggested, which states that what is done and what is said during dentist-patient encounters will have an impact on outcome. Three different purposes of dentist-patient communication are presented. The process of attaining these is discussed. It is concluded that a theory of communication is lacking in the dental context, and the need to develop a reliable and valid interaction analysis system for the patient-dentist communication is confirmed.
Attitude of Health Personnel↗
Is allergy screening of blood donors necessary? A comparison between questionnaire answers and the presence of circulating IgE antibodies.
We investigated 477 consecutive blood donors on order to find the predictive value of a questionnaire as a screening method for preventing passive transfer of IgE antibodies to common allergens that might cause transfusion reactions. Of the 477 donors, 119 (24.9%) claimed to be allergic and 358 (75.1%) recorded no allergic complaints. Serological examination with Phadiatop and a multi-allergen mix for food (fx5) detected IgE antibodies in only 54.5% of the allegedly allergic blood donors. Among the allegedly asymptomatic donors, 12.3% showed positive results in these tests. Subsequently, radioallergosorbent test analyses with common inhalant and food allergens were performed to specify the IgE responses obtained. Our results demonstrate a remarkable difference between the questionnaire answers and the serological measurements of IgE antibodies and raise the question of whether - and if so, what kind of - allergy screening is warranted among presumptive blood donors.
Adolescent↗
The role of sex and age in yeast cell phagocytosis by monocytes from healthy blood donors.
Possible sex differences and possible age decline of monocyte phagocytosis was studied in healthy blood donors (n = 306). Monocytes from women phagocytosed yeast cells more efficiently than monocytes from men, but the difference was slight. The sex difference was located mainly in the adherence step of phagocytosis. In contrast, no age decline in monocyte phagocytosis could be demonstrated within the age range (18--65 years) represented by healthy blood donors. It is suggested that sex difference and age decline are negligible in the phagocytosis by monocytes from healthy blood donors.
Adolescent↗
Distribution and scatter of yeast cell phagocytosis by human monocytes in an improved glass surface assay.
The assessment of yeast cell phagocytosis by glass-adherent monocytes was improved by ultrasonication of yeast cells prior to the experiments in order to prevent aggregation, restriction of measurements to completed engulfment regardless of the number of peptides ingested, and stopping of phagocytosis before counting by maintained cooling and the addition of EDTA. The modifications provided a reduced dispersion of individual values, increased engulfment of yeast cells, and decreased numbers of yeast cells only adherent to the monocyte membrane. The improvement made the method more convenient for the study of engulfment by monocytes.
Glass↗
[Why is Swedish albumin not used?].
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Blood Banks↗
The effect of CPH 82 on the growth of human lymphocytes in vitro. Definition of cytobiological action.
A drug composed of two semisynthetic podophylline derivatives, CPH 82, has recently been launched for the treatment of severe rheumatoid arthritis. The present in vitro study of PHA-stimulated human T-lymphocytes showed that CPH 82 arrested cell division in a metaphase-like configuration. The cell cycle effects of CPH 82 were indistinguishable from the cell cycle effects of the classical microtubule depolymerizers, Colcemid (a colchicine derivative) and podophyllotoxin. A CPH 82 concentration of 1 microgram/ml, which is close to therapeutic serum concentrations, had an almost maximal effect on cell division. It is suggested that at least part of the anti-inflammatory effect of CPH 82 is due to a colchicine-like activity on, for example, proliferating lymphocytes.
Glycosides↗
Cluster formation in PHA-stimulated mononuclear cells from peripheral blood: effects of colcemid and taxol.
Mononuclear cells from peripheral blood were incubated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) for 24-72 hours. The cells formed dense cell clusters with firm cell-to-cell attachment and signs of cell communication, proliferation and differentiation. At the end of a 72-hour period of incubation, the test preparations were treated for 90 minutes with the classical microtubule antagonist Colcemid and the new microtubule antagonist taxol. Taxol produced approximately twice as many mitoses as Colcemid. Chromosomes in taxol-blocked mitoses appeared to be more contracted than chromosomes in Colcemid-blocked mitoses. It is suggested that one beneficial side effect of Colcemid preparation of chromosomes is stretching due to microtubule disassembly.
Alkaloids↗
Five-year results with fixed complete-arch mandibular prostheses supported by 4 implants.
This study examined whether it is possible to restore an edentulous mandible with a complete-arch fixed prosthesis retained by only 4 implants without decreasing the survival rate. One hundred nineteen patients received complete-arch mandibular prostheses retained by 4 implants. Most patients were followed for 3 years or more. All patients followed a routine protocol, including annual check-ups and regular radiographic examinations. Twenty-one patients dropped out. Radiographic measurements used the threads of the implants as a basis for comparison. No indication was found that the number of supporting implants could have influenced the observed frequency of technical and surgical complications. Three implants were lost, 2 after 1 year and 1 after 5 years. A statistically significant difference in bone loss between the mesial and distal implants was found. The number of fractured resin teeth in mandibular prostheses was higher when patients had an implant-supported prosthesis in the maxilla. The present study revealed an implant survival rate of 98.6% after 5 years. Therefore, it was concluded that there may not be a need for more than 4 implants to support a fixed mandibular prosthesis, when implants at least 10 mm long can be used.
Acrylic Resins↗
Implant-supported maxillary overdentures: outcome in planned and emergency cases.
At the Postgraduate Dental Education Center, Orebro, Sweden, maxillary implant-supported overdentures have mainly been used in either planned cases (where implants sufficient for a fixed prosthesis could not be placed) or emergency cases (originally planned for a fixed restoration but where implants lost during the healing period made such treatment impossible). Twenty-five cases were studied retrospectively. In the planned group, only two of 19 patients had lost an implant during the follow-up period with overdentures; in the emergency group, four subjects of six lost implant(s) during the same period. The total loss of implants during healing and overdenture function was 7% in the planned group and 72% in the emergency group. The curves for survival of overdentures without loss of supporting implants were significantly different (P = .00) for the planned group and the emergency group.
Adult↗
Marginal bone levels around maxillary implants supporting overdentures or fixed prostheses: a comparative study using detailed narrow-beam radiographs.
The issue of changes in marginal bone levels around maxillary implants supporting overdentures has been studied very little because of radiographic difficulties when using conventional intraoral techniques. The present study used detailed narrow-beam radiography, which offers excellent opportunities to depict implants and the surrounding bone in severely resorbed maxillae. Marginal bone levels around implants in patients with overdentures were compared to corresponding bone levels in a group of matched control patients with fixed prostheses supported by osseointegrated implants. No statistically significant difference in marginal bone height was noted between the groups. This finding is not in accordance with an earlier report on continuous loss of marginal bone around many maxillary implants supporting overdentures.
Bone Resorption↗