Biomedical subjects
K Soltani
Publications and source records attributed to K Soltani.
Antipruritic effect of an opiate antagonist, naloxone hydrochloride.
Central elicitation of itch by morphine may result from binding to opiate receptors, mimicking the physiological binding of endorphins and enkephalins to these receptors. Pretreatment of normal subjects with naloxone hydrochloride resulted in diminution or abolition of histamine-provoked itch. These results suggest an important role for central opioid peptides as mediators of the itch sensation.
Alcohol-induced rosacea flushing blocked by naloxone.
We evaluated the roles of endogenous opioid peptides and histamine in the pathophysiology of alcohol-induced facial flushing in rosacea. Non-diabetic patients with rosacea ingested 360 ml of 6% ethanol after receiving either subcutaneous naloxone hydrochloride or oral chloropheniramine maleate. Only pretreatment with naloxone blocked the alcohol-induced rosacea flushing (AIRF), suggesting an active role of endogenous enkephalin and/or endorphin in this vascular reactivity. In this respect, AIRF is similar to chlorpropamide alcohol flushing and menopausal flushing.
Follicular mucinosis in childhood.
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Coexisting childhood pemphigus foliaceus and Graves' disease.
We report herein the concurrent appearance of childhood pemphigus foliaceus and Graves' disease in a 14-year-old girl who was initially seen with crusted and hyperpigmented plaques on her chest, back, abdomen, and legs. The diagnosis of pemphigus foliaceus was confirmed by biopsy and immunofluorescent microscopic studies while the diagnosis of Graves' disease was based on clinical and laboratory findings. The coexistence of these two immune-mediated diseases in a single patient suggest that some persons may bear a unique predisposition to the development of two or more autoimmune-type disorders that may affect diverse organ systems.
Aggressive keratoacanthoma and internal malignant neoplasm.
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Hyperlactatemia associated with pustular psoriasis and leukocytosis.
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Unilateral linear nevoidal syringoma.
We here report the unusual occurrence of syringoma in a unilateral linear nevoid distribution in a 32-year-old woman. The papules were located on the right side of the chest and right arm. These lesions need to be distinguished from other linear papular eruptions.
Pemphigoid nodularis.
We here report the unusual occurrence of bullous pemphigoid mimicking prurigo nodularis in a 59-year-old woman. Direct immunofluorescence studies of a nodular lesion revealed linear deposition of IgG and C3 at the epidermal basement membrane zone (EBMZ). Indirect immunofluorescence studies of serum revealed IgG pemphigoid antibasement membrane zone antibodies in 1:1,280 titer. This entity can be distinguished from other bullous pemphigoid variants.
Inhibition of histamine-induced pruritus by topical tricyclic antidepressants.
Frequent antihistaminic side effects noted during treatment of depression by tricyclic drugs, as well as the high affinity of tricyclic antidepressants for H1 receptors in mouse neuroblastoma cells, suggest possible useful antihistaminic properties. We investigated the antipruritic activity of topically applied 5% solutions of doxepin hydrochloride (Adapin; Sinequan) and amitriptyline hydrochloride (Elavil) and compared such activity to that of a 5% solution of diphenhydramine and vehicle alone. Test solutions were applied to 25-cm2 areas on the flexor forearms of forty subjects, and the development of itch to single drops of eight dilutions of histamine phosphate instilled in each area was reported over a 3-minute period. The lowest concentration of histamine able to elicit unequivocal itching in each treated area was the histamine itch threshold (HIT). Doxepin, amitriptyline, and diphenhydramine all produced significantly higher mean and median HITs (p less than 0.01 than did vehicle control. Sixty-eight percent of subjects had a HIT greater than or equal to 2 x 10(-4) mg/ml in doxepin-treated areas versus 58% for amitriptyline, 53% for diphenhydramine, and 25% for vehicle. Our data suggest that tricyclic antidepressants are effective topical antipruritic agents.
Inhibition of axon reflex vasodilatation by topically applied capsaicin.
Topical application of capsaicin to human skin produced an initial burning erythematous reaction which diminished over 24 hr leaving the skin unresponsive to histamine-induced axon reflex vasodilatation without altering sensitivity to pain, touch and temperature. Depletion of substance P from local sensory nerve terminals is suggested as a possible explanation for this capsaicin effect.
Accessory tragi and associated syndromes involving the first branchial arch.
Although most deformities in front of the tragi are limited abnormalities, they may be signs of certain associated congenital syndromes that result from maldevelopment of the mandibular arch.
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction in complement-depleted rabbits. Histological and immunofluorescence studies of early cutaneous lesions.
The possible role of complement in the pathogenesis of the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction was assessed in cutaneous syphilitic lesions in two groups of rabbits treated with penicillin; in one group complement was depleted before penicillin therapy. Serial biopsy specimens were similar histologically in both groups. The activation of the complement pathways did not seem to play a role in the pathogenesis of early cutaneous syphilitic lesions in rabbits during the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction.
Coexistence of localized bullous pemphigoid, morphea, and subcorneal pustulosis.
A subcorneal pustular dermatosis and a vesicobullous eruption with the clinical ad histologic features of localized bullous pemphigoid(BP) were observed in a 44-year-old woman with morphea and a recent history of phenytoin sodium-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis. Localized BP is rare and has been previously described in association with other cutaneous disorders. The coexistence of localized BP, morphea, and subcorneal pustulosis suggests that immunologic factors may play a role in all three conditions.
Further studies on the mechanism of suppression of human lymphocyte transformation by human alpha fetoprotein.
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Trizygotic triplets and dizygotic twins in a family with psoriasis.
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Levodopa administration and multiple primary cutaneous melanomas.
Malignant melanoma derives from melanocytic cells that possess the special biochemical pathway for the conversion of levodopa to melanin. Levodopa is widely employed in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, and several patients receiving levodopa have been observed to have acquired melanomas, raising concern about a possible relationship between this drug and the tumor. We encountered a 74-year-old woman in whom three distinct primary melanomas developed after she had been receiving long-term therapy with levodopa and a decarboxylase inhibitor. These lesions could be distinguished histologically from epidermotropic metastatic melanoma. Although the association between levodopa and melanoma is tenuous, careful monitoring of pigmentary changes in patients receiving levodopa is advised.
Late onset chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis with lymphoma and specific serum inhibitory factor.
A patient with late onset chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis developed lymphocytic lymphoma. A specific inhibitor of in vitro lymphoproliferative responses to candidal antigen was detected in her serum which persisted following clinical remission of candidiasis after combined amphotericin-B and 5-Fluorocystosine therapy. It is unclear whether the combined therapy was exclusively anticandidal, nonspecific immunostimulant or cytotoxic affecting the underlying incipient lymphoma.