Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Singh

Publications and source records attributed to K Singh.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Bone marrow necrosis at transformation of chronic granulocytic leukaemia treated with interferon.

A patient with chronic myeloid leukaemia was treated with interferon without using conventional cytotoxic agents. Bone marrow necrosis developed at the onset of blast transformation. It is suggested that cytotoxic drugs should be given before treatment with interferon for chronic myeloid leukaemia. Cytotoxic drugs may also be needed to prevent rapid bone marrow growth once interferon has been withdrawn.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1992

Ovine placental lactogen is a potent somatogen in the growth hormone (GH)-deficient rat: comparison of somatogenic activity with bovine GH.

The somatogenic effects of recombinant ovine placental lactogen (oPL) were investigated in the GH-deficient dwarf rat and compared to those of identical doses of recombinant bovine GH (bGH) in three independent studies. Both oPL and bGH treatments resulted in an increase (P less than 0.05) in body weight gain compared to that in saline controls, with oPL treatment being more potent than bGH (P less than 0.05). In promoting linear growth, oPL was more potent (P less than 0.05) than bGH in some instances. The nitrogen content of dry carcass matter was increased with oPL treatment compared to saline (P less than 0.05), with a nonsignificant increase in bGH-treated animals. Carcass fat was similarly reduced by both oPL and bGH treatment (P less than 0.05) compared to saline. Serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentrations were increased significantly (P less than 0.05) by both oPL and bGH treatments, with a significantly greater effect of oPL suggested in one study. No increase in hepatic IGF-I mRNA was evident with either treatment, suggesting that the increase in serum IGF-I is due to posttranscriptional mechanisms. The expression of IGF-binding protein-3 hepatic mRNA was increased (P less than 0.05) with bGH treatment compared to that after saline treatment, but was unaffected by oPL treatment, indicating regulation by GH at the transcriptional level. The binding of [125I]bGH to hepatic membrane preparations demonstrated no difference in specific binding compared to that in saline controls. However, [125I]oPL specific binding was greater in oPL-treated animals (P less than 0.05). Animals treated with bGH had reduced (P less than 0.05) hepatic GH receptor mRNA compared to saline controls, but oPL treatment had no effect. Thus, oPL is a potent anabolic and lipolytic agent in the dwarf rat, exerting greater somatogenic effects on some parameters than bGH. Our data suggest differences in receptor binding and effects on GH receptor and IGF-binding protein-3 expression with these two treatments, raising the possibility of actions through different pathways or differential effects at the GH receptor level.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1992

Combination therapy of parkinsonism with deprenyl.

In view of the encouraging results in various trials with deprenyl as an added drug therapy for Parkinson's disease, a pilot study to study deprenyl's efficacy in the Indian population was undertaken. Eleven patients were recruited in this open trial and were objectively assessed by Unified Rating Scale for Parkinsonism of Columbia University, Modified Hoehn and Yahr Staging and Schwab and England activities of daily living. Side effects, mood changes, changes in dyskinesia percentage, early morning dystonia and off period percentage were also noted. This study suggests improvement in the above parameters with minimal side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Concentration of plasma and milk vitamin E and plasma beta-carotene of mastitic and healthy cows.

Variation of vitamin E in blood plasma and milk and beta-carotene in blood plasma of 38 healthy and 38 mastitic cows was studied. Cows were assigned to one of the two treatment groups: control and vitamin E supplemented. Vitamin E supplementation was started when cows were dried-off at the end of lactation and continued until 3 months post partum at the rate of 1000 IU per cow daily and then reduced to 500 IU for the remaining lactation. A cow was considered mastitic when somatic cell count of milk was greater than 500 x 10(3) cells/ml. Milk samples with somatic cell counts below 100 x 10(3) cells/ml were from healthy cows. Data on vitamin E concentration of plasma and milk and beta-carotene in plasma were analyzed by a least squares procedure. The model included the effects of treatment, mastitis status, stage of lactation, and all first order interactions. Mean vitamin E levels in plasma and milk of supplemented cows were significantly higher than of the non-supplemented cows. Plasma and milk levels of vitamin E as well as beta-carotene in plasma were significantly lower in mastitic than healthy cows. When data were analyzed with loge, of somatic cell count in milk as an independent regression variable, results were similar. There was a negative correlation of mastitis status with vitamin E levels in plasma (-0.48), milk (-0.24), and beta-carotene in plasma (-0.38).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Indolent gastric carcinoma.

A 55 year old woman presenting with epigastric pain and dyspeptic symptoms was diagnosed to have gastric carcinoma on endoscopic biopsy independently on two occasions. She was subsequently asymptomatic without any specific therapy till she developed gastric outlet obstruction and weight loss four years later. Histology of the resected specimen revealed an adenocarcinoma infiltrating the serosa without any evidence of metastasis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Attitudes to AIDS and sexual behaviour among a cohort of medical students in Singapore.

A survey conducted in 1990 among final year medical students found that most respondents had a good knowledge about AIDS and its routes of transmission. Among the 13.7% of respondents that were sexually active, it was noted that only 35% had used the condom before and that only 20% had used it in the most recent occasion of sexual intercourse. It was noted that only 30% of the sexually active had intention using the condom when they next have sexual intercourse despite the fact that 40% of them were having sexual intercourse with causal partners. Despite having a high knowledge of AIDS, medical students at the National University of Singapore have a low use of condoms.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1992

Characterization of a trypsin inhibitor from equine urine.

A trypsin inhibitor was isolated from pregnant mares' urine by adsorption on bentonite and elution with aqueous pyridine followed by batch DEAE-cellulose treatment and column chromatography. Final purification to an electrophoretically homogenous glycoprotein was achieved by gel permeation chromatography. This equine urinary trypsin inhibitor (E-UTI) is acid- and heat-stable, has a molecular weight of 22 to 23 kDa, an isoelectric point of 4.55, forms a 1:1 molar complex with trypsin and has serine as its N-terminal amino acid. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of this protein is almost identical with that of EI-14, the inhibitor obtained from horse serum by tryptic treatment, except for two extra amino acid residues, Ser-Lys- on the N-terminal end of E-UTI. In its isoelectric point E-UTI differs from EI-14 and the inhibitor from human urine.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

A population-based evaluation of glaucoma screening: the Baltimore Eye Survey.

The Baltimore Eye Survey was a population-based survey conducted from January 1985 to November 1988 among residents of east Baltimore, Maryland, who were 40 years of age or older. A total of 5,308 black subjects and white subjects received a comprehensive screening examination for glaucoma including tonometry, visual fields, stereoscopic fundus photography, and a detailed medical and ophthalmic history. Based on a definitive examination, a diagnosis of glaucoma of any type was made for 196 persons. Tonometry, cup:disc ratio, and narrowest neuroretinal rim width were evaluated for their ability to correctly classify subjects into diseased or nondiseased states. There were no cutoff values at which these variables provided a reasonable balance of sensitivity and specificity, separately or in combination. Logistic regression models were fit that included demographic and other risk factors. Sensitivities and specificities were calculated for varying cutoff levels on the distribution of predicted probabilities. There was no cutoff for which reasonable sensitivity and specificity were obtained. The authors conclude that the effectiveness of current techniques for glaucoma screening is limited.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Relationship between intraocular pressure and primary open angle glaucoma among white and black Americans. The Baltimore Eye Survey.

A detailed ocular examination, including perimetry, was conducted on 5308 black and white subjects aged 40 years and older in a population-based prevalence survey in east Baltimore, Md. Repeated, detailed examinations were carried out on selected subjects. Roughly half of all subjects with optic nerve damage from primary open angle glaucoma, regardless of race, were unaware that they had the condition. The average intraocular pressure (IOP) among black patients with glaucoma who were receiving treatment was virtually identical to that in those black patients who were not receiving treatment (median IOP, 20 mm Hg); treated eyes of white patients had a lower IOP than those eyes of white patients who were not receiving treatment (mean [+/- SD] IOP, 18.69 +/- 3.23 mm Hg vs 24.15 +/- 5.23 mm Hg; P less than .001). The risk of glaucomatous optic nerve damage increased with the height of the screening IOP, particularly at levels of 22 to 29 and 30 mm Hg and above (relative rate compared with IOP of 15 mm Hg or lower, 12.8 and 40.1 mm Hg, respectively). More than half of all glaucomatous eyes had a screening IOP below 21 mm Hg, whether these eyes were receiving treatment or not. The IOP in glaucomatous eyes tended to rise on follow-up, in contrast with nonglaucomatous eyes in which the IOP was as likely to rise as to fall. Results confirmed that IOP is an important factor in glaucoma, but did not support the traditional distinction between "normal" and "elevated" pressure, nor its corollaries, "low-tension" glaucoma and "high-tension" glaucoma.

Black People↗
PubMed1991

Analysis of organotin uptake in Escherichia coli K-12.

The effect of tributyltin chloride (TBT) was potentiated by the presence of Tris ions in the growth medium compared with phosphate ions. The growth of Escherichia coli in the presence of Tris ions was inhibited completely at a concentration of 25 microM TBT whereas 79% growth was recorded in the presence of phosphate ions. Tris ions caused more protein to be released into the medium than phosphate ions. However, apart from protein release the rate of organotin uptake was less in Tris than in phosphate ions. Phosphate ions may play a positive role in the active accumulation of organotin into E. coli cells by providing cellular energy.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1991

Acute idiopathic blind spot enlargement. A spectrum of disease.

The authors present a report on their experience with 10 patients with acute idiopathic blind spot enlargement. All had enlarged steep-margined blind spots without accompanying changes in optic disc appearance, significantly diminished visual acuity or color vision. Fluorescein angiography was obtained in eight patients. Five patients had retinal appearance that was either normal or could not be attributed to a known disease entity. Three patients had the multiple evanescent white dot syndrome, one had acute macular neuroretinopathy, and at least one had presumed ocular histoplasmosis. It has been proposed that acute idiopathic blind spot enlargement is a subset of multiple evanescent white dot syndrome. The authors' findings suggest that multiple evanescent white dot syndrome and other retinal diseases, some not yet identified, are subsets of acute idiopathic blind spot enlargement.

Acute Disease↗