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Biomedical subjects

K Shindo

Publications and source records attributed to K Shindo.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Historical course of surgery in rectal cancer in Japan].

Rectal cancer surgery in Japan started to first step of Lisfranc type resection by T. Sato in 1887. Since H. Ito (1902) published in success of three cases of abdominosacral excision (ASE), ASE occupied the main position of rectal cancer surgery in Japan. In 1944, however, M. Kuru reported the superiority of abdominoperineal resection (APR), an orient of surgery had changed to APR from ASE with time. His operative mortality was 2.0% or less, and 5-year survival rate was more than 50%. D. Jinnai (1961) introduced endorectal pull-through operation, and in 1972 he exhibited an excellent survival and satisfying function following sphincter preserving operation, such as anterior resection and pull-through, for mid and upper rectal cancer. T. Kajitani (1975) and Y. Koyama (1977) improved the survivals through an extended pelvic nodes dissection. Today, the principle of rectal cancer surgery in Japan is a limited resection for early cancer, sphincter preserving operations for upper and mid-rectal cancer and extended pelvic nodes dissection for advanced lower rectal cancer.

Autonomic Nervous System↗
PubMed1988

[A long-term therapeutic experience with Cernilton in chronic prostatitis].

Thirty-two patients with chronic prostatitis were given 6 tables of Cernilton daily for 12.6 weeks on the average. Improvement of subjective symptoms and objective findings was noted in 74.2% and 65.6% of the cases, respectively. The effective rate was 75.0%. No subjective symptoms or abnormal changes in laboratory data were observed in any case after Cernilton medication.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Rectal cancer therapy compatible with preservation of function].

Rectal cancer surgery causes often postoperative morbidities such as defecation disturbance, dysuria and male sexual impotence. Compatibility of cancer eradication and function preservation are the problem should be resolved in the rectal cancer surgery. Defecation function were preserved in the patients with middle and upper rectal cancer by anterior resection transsacral resection, invagination or pull-through operation. Since 1984, usage of suture instruments made it practicable to increase sphincter preserving operation up to more than 65% of rectal cancer. Postoperative 5-years survivals were 81% of anterior resection, 71% of invagination operation and 57% of pull-through. Autonomic nerves preserving operation (ANP), aimed to prevent the urinary and sexual disfunction were studied both sides of the cancer spreads and extend of nerve plexuses. And ANP were adopted to the 185 cancers, limited to the submucosa or the proper muscle coat, by Study Group of Welfare Ministry. Their postoperative disfunction decreased to 15% of urination and 21% of male potency, while 33% and 81% respectively following conventional operation. Local excision for early cancer, which are defined as mucosal or submucosal cancer are discussed.

Autonomic Nervous System↗
PubMed1987

[Clinico-pathological study on prostatic cancer, stage A using step section technic].

Of 52 male bladder cancer cases treated with radical cystectomy, 12 cases (23.9%) were incidentally diagnosed as stage A prostatic cancer. Histological analysis was done according to the "general rules for clinical and pathological studies on prostatic cancer." The average age of the prostatic cancer cases was 62.0 years with a range of 50 to 78 years. Three cases were of well differentiated adenocarcinoma, and 9 cases were of moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Six cases were at pT1, 3 at pT2, and 3 at pT3. One case was stage A1, and 11 were stage A2 cases. Perineural and capsular invasions were found in 3 cases each. Neither lymphatic nor vascular invasion was found in any case, and no evidence of seminal vesicular, urethral, bladder and rectal invasion was found in any case. Lymph node metastasis was not found in any of the 3 pelvic lymph node dissected cases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on latamoxef in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Latamoxef (LMOX) 1 g was administered twice daily for 5 days to patients undergoing operation for myoma uteri and the time course of tissue concentrations of the drug and the prophylactic effect of the treatment on postoperative infection were studied. 1. Area under concentration-time curve (AUC) of LMOX was the highest in the perimetrium (45.3%), followed by the cervix uteri (39.2%), endometrium (35.9%), oviduct (35.1%), myometrium (29.5%), and ovary (24.4%). 2. Cmax was the highest in oviduct (46.9 micrograms/g), followed by Cmax's in perimetrium (44.2 micrograms/g), cervix uteri (35.8 micrograms/g), myometrium (26.9 micrograms/g), endometrium (25.6 micrograms/g), and ovary (24.3 micrograms/g). 3. Serum half-lives were T1/2(alpha) = 0.27 hour and T1/2(beta) = 1.81 hours. 4. Prophylactic efficacy against postoperative infections was 94.3%, and febrile morbidity was 5.7%. The preoperative and postoperative laboratory tests did not show appreciable changes, no adverse reaction was observed. In the present study, LMOX showed good transfer into gynecological tissues, suggesting its very high usefulness in the treatment of infection and in the postoperative management.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Intraperitoneal versus intravenous infusion of cis-platinum in advanced ovarian cancer--examination of pharmacokinetics].

The pharmacokinetics of i.p.- and i.v.-infused cis-platinum (55 mg/m2) was studied in five patients with advanced ovarian cancer. The area under the concentration time (AUC) of non-protein-binding platinum in ascites had on anti-tumor activity 44 times larger with i.p. infusion than that with i.v. infusion. Comparing with the concentration curve of non-protein-binding platinum in plasma, there was little difference between i.p. and i.v. infusion, and the AUC of non-protein-binding platinum was almost equal between i.p. and i.v. infusion. In cases of low renal function, cisplatin was infused at 70 mg/m2 with sodium thiosulfate (STS). The AUC of ultrafiltrable platinum in plasma was 3 times larger in STS combination therapy. Therefore, STS was confirmed to be a powerful antidote against cis-platinum in plasma. Amounts of total platinum in 24-h urinary secretion were slightly less for i.p. than for i.v. infusion. Consequently, i.p. infusion of cis-platinum was shown to be highly effective on the local site and as effective as i.v. infusion on the whole body. Moreover, this route is effective for reducing ascites production and is expected to be effective against metastatic sites other than the abdominal cavity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Acute hemorrhagic cystitis caused by adenovirus type 11 after renal transplantation.

A case of acute hemorrhagic cystitis caused by adenovirus type 11, which occurred in an allograft recipient 6 months after a living-related renal transplantation, is described. The patient lacked a neutralizing antibody to adenovirus type 11 before transplantation. Adenovirus type 11 was isolated from his urine and he developed a neutralizing and complement-fixing antibody to this virus. Although adenovirus type 11 isolates had been obtained from 2 of 18 renal allograft recipients, only 1 patient suffered acute hemorrhagic cystitis. Adenovirus type 11 may play a role in acute hemorrhagic cystitis in renal allograft recipients during immunosuppressive therapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

[Pharmacokinetic studies on cefmenoxime. Distribution into the uterus and intrapelvic genital organs].

Concentrations of cefmenoxime (CMX) in peripheral venous serum, uterus and intrapelvic genital organs were determined by bioassay. The obtained results are summarized below. When 1 g of CMX was administered by an intravenous injection, peak concentrations in various tissues of female genital organs were as follow: 17.4 and 46.8 micrograms/g in ovary and oviduct, respectively, and from 28.2 to 43.8 micrograms/g in other genital organs. These concentrations of CMX were maintained at higher level than minimal inhibitory concentrations against E. coli, Bacteroides and other organisms. In these studies, CMX showed a satisfactory clinical efficacy and a potent antibacteriological effect in the treatment of infections in the field of obstetrics and gynecology.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Reversed-phase liquid chromatographic investigation of nucleosides and bases in mucosa and modified nucleosides in urines from patients with gastrointestinal cancer.

Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been used to determine the level of nucleic acid metabolites in perchloric acid extracts of gastrointestinal mucosa. By comparing the levels of these compounds in the normal portion with the levels in the neoplastic portion of mucosa resected from patients with malignant cancer, it was found that uracil was significantly elevated in the neoplastic colorectal mucosa (adenocarcinoma) of eight patients with colorectal cancer (P less than 0.01, statistically significant with the paired t test). The mean level of uracil in neoplastic colorectal mucosa was 2.7-fold higher than that in normal mucosa. However, in neoplastic gastric mucosa, only one out of four patients with gastric cancer showed elevated uracil. In neoplastic mucosa, the levels of hypoxanthine and uridine for colorectal cancer, and inosine for gastric cancer, were also significantly higher than those in normal mucosa (P less than 0.05, with the paired t test). The urinary modified nucleosides were prefractionated with a boronate affinity gel column, and their levels determined by the same HPLC method. No significant differences in the concentrations of pseudouridine, 1-methylguanosine, N2-methylguanosine or N2,N2-dimethylguanosine were observed in pre- and post-operative urines from patients with colorectal cancer and normal urines.

Chromatography, Affinity↗
PubMed1985

Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic investigation of mucosal nucleosides and bases and urinary modified nucleosides of gastrointestinal cancer patients.

Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the levels of nucleosides, bases and their metabolites in perchloric acid extracts of gastrointestinal mucosa. By comparing the levels of these compounds in the normal portion with the neoplastic portion of mucosa resected from malignant cancer patients, it was found that there was significant elevation of the uracil level in the neoplastic mucosa of all eight patients with colorectal cancer (2.7-fold in normal mucosa), but only in the neoplastic mucosa of one out of four patients with gastric cancer. The levels of hypoxanthine and uridine in the colorectal cancer mucosa samples and the inosine in gastric cancer samples were also significantly higher than those in normal mucosa. The urinary modified nucleosides were prefractionated with a boronate affinity gel column, and their levels were determined by the same HPLC method. There was no significant difference in the concentrations of pseudouridine, 1-methylguanosine N2-methylguanosine and N2,N2-dimethylguanosine between urine samples taken before and after surgery from eight patients with malignant colorectal cancer. Contrary to other reports, no significant differences in modified nucleoside levels were observed between urine samples from patients with colorectal cancer and those from normal subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical experience with cefmenoxime (CMX) in complicated urinary tract infections].

Cefmenoxime (CMX) was intravenously administered to 106 patients with complicated urinary tract infection at a daily dose of 2-4 g for 5 days. An excellent response in overall clinical efficacy was seen in 15 cases (18.3%), a moderate response in 46 cases (56.1%) and poor response in 21 cases (25.6%). Pyuria was cleared in 20 cases (24.4%), decreased in 22 cases (26.8%) and unchanged in 40 cases (48.8%). Bacteriuria was eliminated in 41 cases (50.0%), decreased in 17 cases (20.7%), relapsed in 7 cases (8.5%) and unchanged in 17 cases (20.7%). Bacteriologically, 74 (76.8%) of the 95 strains isolated were eradicated by CMX, and 22 (23.2%) persisted. Side effects were observed in 3 (abdominal pain, diarrhea and elevation of trans amylase) of the 106 cases. Judging from the above results, CMX is considered to be a useful drug in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections.

Adolescent↗