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Biomedical subjects

K Shimaoka

Publications and source records attributed to K Shimaoka.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Radiotracer uptake in medullary carcinoma of the thyroid.

A patient with pathologically confirmed medullary carcinoma of the thyroid with lymph node metastases was noted to show uptake of radiothallium, radiopertechnetate, and radioiodine. A perchlorate washout test was markedly positive, indicating that the uptake was largely due to trapping.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Suppressive therapy for postirradiation thyroid nodules.

From the thyroid screening program at the Roswell Park Memorial Institute in Buffalo, New York, 85 patients with thyroid nodules who had received previous irradiation to the head and neck were identified. The diagnosis was confirmed microscopically by needle aspiration cytology and the patients were treated with thyroid replacement therapy. In 24 patients, the nodules disappeared completely; a partial response (more than 50% reduction in size) was seen in 26; 11 patients were improved (20% to 50% reduction in size); 14 had stable disease (less than 20% reduction in nodule size) and in 10 the condition progressed (an increase of more than 20% in nodule size). Six of 21 patients who underwent operation had well differentiated tumours. The number of cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (14) was high. Suppressive therapy will separate those patients whose nodules will disappear completely and who will thus be spared operation. Continued follow-up of such patients is essential. All other patients should be offered operation since thyroid nodules are malignant in 30% of cases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Carcinoma of the thyroid gland.

Thyroid cancer is not a common cancer and consists of a variety of tumors with different biological characteristics. Diagnosis and therapeutic approaches differ considerably, depending on which subgroup the tumor belongs to. Differentiated carcinomas, which constitute the bulk of thyroid carcinoma, often retain the features of the thyroid gland, which can be taken advantage of in their management. The prognosis of these patients is usually excellent. Undifferentiated carcinoma, in contrast, is an aggressive tumor and usually is fatal within a year from the diagnosis. Therefore, an aggressive therapeutic approach is required. Transformation of differentiated carcinoma to undifferentiated carcinoma does occur, although infrequently. The importance of proper management of patients with differentiated carcinoma is obvious. Medullary carcinoma, which originates from the parafollicular cells, has various interesting biological characteristics and is a medium-grade malignancy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Disparity of radioiodine and radiothallium concentrations in chronic thyroiditis.

Three cases of chronic thyroiditis (Hashimoto's disease) presented with thyroid nodules, showed disparate uptakes of radioiodine and radiothallium. All patients were clinically euthyroid and had positive antithyroid antibody titers. On cytological and/or pathological examinations, they were consistent with chronic thyroiditis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid following external irradiation.

Two patients with anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid following irradiation for Hodgkin's disease are presented, and the previously reported cases briefly reviewed. The risk of late development of thyroid carcinoma is life-long and high-dose irradiation in patients with prolonged life expectancy may result in anaplastic carcinoma as well as less malignant histological forms.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Anaplastic cardcinoma of the thyroid in a population irradiated for Hodgkin Disease, 1910--1960.

Post-irradiation carcinoma of the thyroid is usually histologically well-differentiated. In general, those subjects who developed carcinoma had been exposed to low-to-moderate doses of irradiation for benign conditions. We reviewed the charts of 520 patients with Hodgkin's disease seen at Roswell Park Memorial Institute, and found 2 cases of anaplastic carcinoma amongst other thyroidal abnormalities. The existing reports of post-irradiation carcinoma are reviewed and suggestions are made for the management of heavily irradiated, potentially cured patients with Hodgkin's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Hamartomatous adiposity of thyroid gland.

A rare case of hamartomatous adiposity of the thyroid gland was found incidentally in a 73 year old white female with adenocarcinoma of the rectum. Pressure symptoms related to the goiter (120 gms) were the only manifestations noted. Extensive laboratory investigations failed to reveal any demonstrable functional abnormality of the thyroid gland.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Plasma cell neoplasm involving the thyroid.

Involvement of the thyroid gland by plasma cell neoplasms is very rare. On review of 248 cases, we found 4 cases in which pathological evidence of plasma cell neoplasm in the thyroid was verified. This was a heterogeneous group of patients; the thyroid involvement was clinically recognized as a site of extramedullary plasma cell neoplasm in one patient and as a part of generalized disease in two patients. In another patient with generalized disease, the thyroid involvement was discovered at autopsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Fatal thyroid carcinoma. Anaplastic transformation of adenocarcinoma.

Prognosis of well-differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland is generally favorable, while that of anaplastic carcinoma, extremely poor. Well-differentiated carcinoma may sometimes be fatal; the most common underlying cause is considered to be due to anaplastic transformation of the original well-differentiated carcinoma to a less differentiated form. We studied 27 consecutive autopsy cases of fatal thyroid cancer treated at the Ito Hospital, Tokyo, during a five-year period, 1969-1973. We found uniform histological features of anaplastic carcinoma in 10 cases and of well differentiated carcinoma in four cases. In addition, co-existence of well-differentiated and anaplastic carcinomas was observed in nine cases and well differentiated and squamous cell carcinomas in four. Circumstantial evidence strongly suggests that malignant transformation is a part of the natural history of thyroid carcinoma, from well-differentiated carcinoma to less differentiated forms, either squamous cell or anaplastic carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Iodoamino acids in abnormal and grossly normal thyroids: Comparison between 125I and 127I distribution.

Patients with thyroid cyst (TC), non-toxic nodular goiter (NNG), follicular adenoma (FA) and papillary carcinoma (PC) were given a tracer dose of 125I 40h prior to surgery. Tissue specimens were hydrolysed with Pronase and their labeled iodocompound distribution determined by paper or thin layer chromatography; they were then derivatized and their stable iodoamino acids (IAA) determined by gas liquid chromatography (GLC). Specific activity (SA) of MIT, DIT and T4 was within the same range in TC, FA and grossly normal part of a PC, and was markedly lower in two NNG. SA of T3 was very high in a TC, and higher than that of other IAA, in one NNG, indicating preferential synthesis. SA of MIT and DIT was very high in grossly normal part of a second PC but stable iodothyronines were undetectable. Specimen therefore was biochemically abnormal though grossly normal. In the two abnormal specimens of PC stable IAA were undetectable, even though type of distribution of labeled IAA in one specimen closely approximated that found in TC, FA and NNG. In a second abnormal PC specimen RAI uptake was too low for analysis to be carried out. By combining labeled and stable IAA measurements new parameters for studying human thyroids have been obtained.

Adenoma↗