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K Shimada

Publications and source records attributed to K Shimada.

At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Comparative effect of proteins, peptides, and amino acid mixtures on recovery from 70% hepatectomy in rats.

The effects of proteins, peptides, and amino acid mixtures on the recovery from 70% hepatectomy were compared in rats. In Experiment 1, the most suitable time for the comparison was studied. Rats weighing 250 g after 70% hepatectomy were fed 20% casein diet. On day 0,1,2,3,4,6,8,11,15 post-operation, 3-5 rats were killed for the observation of recovery. The recovery time, evaluated by daily food intake, body weight gain, liver weight and compositions, and hematologic values was about 10 days. For the comparison of different nitrogen sources, we estimated that the 6th day after the operation when the animals did not fully recover was suitable. In Experiment 2, rats of each group after hepatectomy were fed one of 14 experimental diets containing protein (3 types), peptides (8 types), or amino acid mixture (3 types) for 5 days and killed on the 6th day after the operation. Daily food intake, body weight gain, liver weight and compositions, and hematologic values were measured and pathological examination was also done. The effect of different nitrogen sources were similar on the recovery after 70% hepatectomy with only a few minor exceptions in rats.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1993

[Histological study of the fetal kidneys. Development of the nephrons according to gestational weeks].

Despite recent advance of prenatal ultrasonography leading to an increase in the detection of various fetal urological abnormalities, a lot a unresolved problems exist surrounding their diagnosis and management. It is unclear whether an antenatal intervention helps to preserve the renal function, because little has been known about the nephrogenesis of the human fetal kidney associated with congenital obstruction. To find the normal development of the kidney, we studied the fetal kidneys in relation to the gestational weeks. Of all fetuses autopsied in the Department of Pathology of our Institute from 1982 to 1992, 87 kidneys from 60 fetuses which showed no abnormalities of the urinary tracts on macroscopic inspections were reviewed. Microscopic examination was done to define the radial glomerular count (RGC) and glomerular size according to gestational weeks. Nephrogenic zone was observed in all kidneys before 34 weeks of gestation, and disappeared in all kidneys after 37 weeks. The RGC increased steadily with gestational weeks, and gradually reached a plateau of around 12 counts at about 36 weeks. The RGC was not influenced by the intrauterine fetal growth. The glomeruli were arranged in the uniform fashion on the medullary ray with the smallest in the most superficial cortex and the largest in the juxtamedullary zone. The superficial glomeruli remained at the surprisingly same size up to birth. Juxtamedullary glomeruli showed no significant differences before birth, either. Based on the present studies to know the normal standard of renal development, pathological changes are possible to define. It was thought that an understanding of the morphological characteristics of fetal kidneys would give clues to elucidate pathogenesis of abnormal kidneys.

Embryonic and Fetal Development↗
PubMed1993

[Histological study of fetal hydronephrosis. Development background of prenatal treatment].

It is still unclear whether prenatal decompression of the dilated urinary tracts can preserve renal development and function. Following the previous report on the relationship between the nephrogenesis and the gestational weeks in normal fetuses, we studied the hydronephrotic kidneys to find the histological background of the fetal treatment. Of the fetuses autopsied in the Department of Pathology of our Institute from 1982 to 1992, 32 kidneys from 21 fetuses associated with dilatation of the upper urinary tracts irrespective of the presence of urethral obstruction on macroscopic inspections were reviewed. The underlying disorders causing hydronephrosis included urethral obstruction in 7, vesico-intestinal fissure in 3, hydrometrocolpos in 2 and double ureter in 1. The etiology of the hydronephrosis was not clarified in another 8. The position and configuration of the ureteral orifices were not described in the autopsy reports. Microscopic examination was done to define the radial glomerular count (RGC), presence or absence of the nephrogenic zone, cortical cysts and dysplastic elements, changes of the collecting tubules and interstitium. Of the kidneys 19 had cortical cysts of various sizes. In some kidneys, the normal cortex was mixed with pathological segments where there were subcapsular small cysts and tubular dilatation. Nephrogenic zone, which was observed in specimens of 33-weeks fetus with moderate hydronephrosis, was already missing by 28 weeks in severe hydronephrosis. Collecting tubules were dilated in 12 kidneys with mild to moderate hydronephrosis. Tubular atrophy and increase in the interstitium were seen in 12 kidneys, eleven of which were of the fetus over 30 weeks.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Embryonic and Fetal Development↗
PubMed1993

[Indications for urinary drainage in neonates detected in utero].

The routine use of maternal ultrasonography has led to increasing discovery of fetal abnormalities of the urinary tract. It is well known that some of the fetal hydronephrosis improves spontaneously, and that there is non-obstructed type of hydronephrosis. However, some of the infants require the management in the neonatal periods because of the mass effect from the dilated urinary tract, urinary tract infection, or deterioration of the renal function. Herein we report on 103 cases with urinary tract abnormalities detected by the prenatal ultrasonography, and analysed the renal function in the early neonatal periods to determine the necessity of the emergency urinary drainage. 1. Renal function of the normal neonates (control) Seventy four infants without abnormalities of the urinary tract were studied on serum creatinine (SCr) and fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) during the first four weeks of life. The SCr of infants at birth to one day postnatally was almost the same with maternal SCr. In infants with a gestational age of 33-40 weeks it fell steadily and reached the value around 0.6 mg/dl at 1 week after birth. The fall of SCr was significantly slow in infants with a GA of 28-32 weeks. Similarly, the FENa was significantly higher in infants with a GA of 28-32 weeks than in infants with a GA of more than 33 weeks. Glomerulo-tubular balance was maintained as early as 1 week postnatally in the latter group. 2. Infants treated in the neonatal periods Urological management was done on 26 infants (23%) during the neonatal periods.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Drainage↗
PubMed1993

[AIDS].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗
PubMed1993

Follow-up examination schedule of postoperative HCC patients based on tumor volume doubling time.

The tumor volume doubling time of 27 recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma nodules measuring < or = 2.0 cm in diameter discovered after hepatectomy in 19 patients was analyzed by ultrasonography for 31 to 331 days. The tumor volume doubling time ranged from 39 to 420 days before specific treatment, with a mean of 112 days and a median of 80 days. It correlated with age and intrahepatic site of recurrence, which was sometimes the same lobe as that of the prior hepatocellular carcinoma, sometimes not. The tumor volume doubling time also tended to correlate with hepatitis C antibody status and initial tumor diameter. The tumor volume doubling time was, however, independent of sex, hepatitis B surface antigen status, number of recurrent tumors, initial serum alpha-fetoprotein level, interval between hepatectomy and recurrence detection, and associated liver disease. On the basis of the shortest tumor volume doubling time of the recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma nodules, we recommend that US and/or CT be performed at least every four months to screen for small recurrent carcinomas in postoperative patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma: clinical features and computed tomographic findings.

Clinicoradiological features were studied in 20 patients with 22 mass lesions of combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinomas and findings of computed tomography in 12 of these patients with 14 hepatocellular carcinoma-cholangiocarcinomas. Five of these patients also had single overt hepatocellular carcinomas. The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma-cholangiocarcinoma was 3.3% among the patients with primary liver cancer treated in our hospital. HBsAg was present in 25%, and increased levels of serum alpha-fetoprotein (> 200 ng/ml) and carcinoembryonic antigen (> 5 ng/ml) were found in 25% and in 47%, respectively. Associated cirrhosis was present in 60%. Analysis of 14 hepatocellular carcinoma-cholangiocarcinomas in 12 patients in whom the enhancement pattern on dynamic computed tomography and pathological findings could be studied and compared suggested three tumor types. Nine lesions (type A) were demonstrated only as areas with high-density peripheries in the early phase of enhancement that evolved into a pattern of peripheral low density and central high density in the late phase. Four masses (type B) were shown as hyperdense tumors (early phase) that changed to low density in the late phase. One mass (type C) was seen as a low-density lesion that did not change. Histopathologically, type A comprised hepatocellular carcinoma-predominant components in the peripheral area, cholangiocarcinoma-predominant components with abundant fibrous stroma in the central area and a tissue transitional between the two in the midzone. By contrast, two of four type B masses comprised hepatocellular carcinoma with scattered cholangiocarcinoma components throughout the tumor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Nucleotide sequence of the Clostridium stercorarium xylA gene encoding a bifunctional protein with beta-D-xylosidase and alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase activities, and properties of the translated product.

The nucleotides of the beta-xylosidase (xylA) gene from Clostridium stercorarium were sequenced. A single open reading frame of 473 codons specifying the subunit (MW 53,340) of xylosidase was identified. The N-terminal amino acid sequence and molecular weight estimated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the purified enzyme were quite in agreement with those deduced from the nucleotide sequence. Analysis of the enzyme by gel filtration on an HPLC column gave a molecular weight of 220,000, suggesting that the native enzyme is a tetramer composed of 4 identical subunits. The pH optimum was 7.0 and quite stable over the pH range of 5 to 10 at 4 degrees C. The optimum temperature was 65 degrees C. Vm was estimated to be 5.9 nmol/min/micrograms for p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside and 16.7 nmol/min/micrograms for p-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranoside, while Km was estimated to be 2.5 mM for p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside and 17.6 mM for p-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranoside.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

[Effective removal of the contaminating host fibroblasts for establishment of human-tumor cultured lines].

We report a useful method for the establishment of cell lines in vitro from human tumors. One of the obstacles to establishing pure human cancer cells in vitro is contaminating fibroblasts in cultures. This obstacle could be overcome by selective-growth control of fibroblasts treated with serum-free GIT medium and their selective elimination with antibiotic Geneticin (G418-sulfate). In this study, the process of establishing cultured cell lines from two oral cavity cancers is demonstrated using GIT medium and Geneticin. The comparative study of the growth of cells of the two oral cavity cancers and of two control normal fibroblast cell lines supported the selective growth inhibition and elimination of normal fibroblasts by the "G-G method".

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Biologically active oligodeoxyribonucleotides--I: Syntheses and anti-HIV-1 activities of 5'-modified pentadecadeoxyribonucleotides.

5'-Modified pentadecadeoxyribonucleotides with a sequence (5'-TGGGAGGTGGGTCTG-3') (15mer) complimentary (antisense) to the tat 2nd splicing acceptor region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were prepared and evaluated for anti-HIV-1 activity. The modified antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotides (AS-ODNs) were synthesized using 5'-modified thymidine 3'-phosphoramidites as the 5'-terminal residues. The structures of the 5'-modified 15mers were confirmed by negative ion LSI mass spectroscopy, and the anti-HIV-1 activities were evaluated in vitro by the MTT assay using MT-4 cells. While the unmodified 15mer had no activity in our assay system, the 15mers bearing modifications with trityl-type substituents at the 5'-end showed high anti-HIV-1 activities.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1993

[Detection of interleukin-6 in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neuroimmunological diseases].

We quantitatively measured interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in sera and cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) of patients with neuroimmunological diseases. Measurements were carried out by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with anti-human IL-6 monoclonal antibody. The upper limit of IL-6 levels in the sera of normal controls was 15 pg/ml. Significant elevations of IL-6 levels were observed in the sera of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) (212 +/- 320 pg/ml), Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) (90 +/- 62 pg/ml), myasthenia gravis (41 +/- 22 pg/ml), and polymyositis (119 +/- 72 pg/ml), when compared to those of controls (p < 0.05). The upper limit of IL-6 levels in the CSF of normal controls was 6.5 pg/ml. A significant elevation of IL-6 levels was observed in the CSF of patients with MS (131 +/- 307 pg/ml) (p < 0.05). However, no significant elevation of IL-6 levels was observed in the CSF of patients with GBS. The correlation indexes between CSF IL-6 and cell count, total protein levels, IgG levels in the CSF of MS patients were 0.776 (p < 0.001), 0.769 (p < 0.001) and 0.759 (p < 0.001), respectively. Serum IL-6 was not correlated with CSF IL-6 in MS patients. The elevated levels of IL-6 in the patients with these neuroimmunological diseases suggest that B-cells may be polyclonally activated in the sera of patients with these disorders.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1993

Liver abscess after percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. A case report.

We present a case of liver abscess after percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) therapy for the treatment of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The 56-year-old woman had a past history of cholecystoduodenostomy for cogenital dilatation of the bile duct, and pneumobilia was observed in the intrahepatic bile ducts prior to PEI. The abscess was successfully treated by percutaneous abscess drainage and antibiotic therapy. Klebsiella pneumonia, one of the most common causative organisms of biliary tract infection, was isolated from the abscess. Thus, biliary tract infection related to the previous biliary-enteric anastomosis operation may have been one of the causative factors in the liver abscess in this patient. The rare experience reported here suggests that a careful search for coexistent abscess at the time of PEI is important in HCC patients with biliary-enteric anastomosis, especially in those with pneumobilia.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1993

[Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: proposal of new macroscopic classification].

From the analysis of 19 resected intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) from 1980 to 1991 in the National Cancer Center Hospital, we classified them into three subcategories, mass-forming ICC, infiltrating ICC and papillary ICC, according to the morphologic pattern. Mass-forming ICC, which made an apparent mass lesion in the liver, showed a spread based on the intrahepatic metastasis with a frequent remnant hepatic recurrence. Infiltrating ICC caused a stricture or an obstruction of intrahepatic bile duct with a spread along the Glisson's capsule without forming a mass in the liver and yielded no remnant liver recurrence except for a local recurrence in the patient with positive surgical margin. Intraductal papillary ICC, which appeared a special type of ICC, developed a papillary projection into the ductal lumen. Three patients of mass-forming ICC and one of papillary ICC survived more than 5 years. The different biologic behaviour should be considered when formulating an operative procedure for each type of ICC.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Long-term artificial ventilation by nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation; 6 cases of domiciliary assisted ventilation].

Six patients with chronic respiratory failure associated with hypercapnia were treated with nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) at home. NIPPV was delivered via a custom molded nasal interface described by McDermott. The patients consisted of one patient with kyphoscoliosis, three with Tb-sequela, one with COPD, and one with neuromuscular disease. Each patient had been treated with oxygen therapy until assisted ventilation was initiated because of CO2 retention. NIPPV was administered using a volume cycled flow generator set to deliver a minute volume such that PaCO2 was maintained between 35 and 45 Torr on NIPPV trial performed during wakefulness under the condition of no leakage from the mask. Supplementary oxygen was added so that oxygen saturation was maintained above 90 percent during more than 95% of nighttime NIPPV. Arterial blood gas tensions during daytime spontaneous breathing showed an improvement (PaCO2 68.3 +/- 7.2 Torr, PaO2 70.4 +/- 15.5 Torr, SaO2 91.6 +/- 4.3% before treatment; PaCO2 55.8 +/- 4.7 Torr, PaO2 87.5 +/- 16.5 Torr, SaO2 95.5 +/- 1.7% on treatment, mean +/- SD). The duration of NIPPV at home ranged from 2 to 24 months (11.7 +/- 6.8), and there was no hospitalization due to exacerbation during this period. In conclusion, NIPPV via a custom molded mask is simple, noninvasive, and suitable for the provision of long-term and domiciliary assisted ventilation.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Ocular manifestations in Japanese patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.

The ocular manifestations in 65 Japanese human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive patients were examined. Based on the cumulative totals, 22 of the cases had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), 17 had AIDS-related complex (ARC), and 35 were asymptomatic carriers (AC), including 4 AIDS cases who had progressed from ARC and 5 ARC cases from AC. Seventy-seven percent of the AIDS cases had ocular manifestations, including cotton-wool spots (50%), retinal hemorrhages (59%), cytomegalovirus retinitis (46%) and pupil abnormalities (14%). The ocular signs were also seen in 71% of the ARC cases and 37% of the AC cases. In Japanese HIV-seropositive patients, ocular manifestations are also as common as in Western HIV-seropositive patients.

AIDS-Related Complex↗