Biomedical subjects

K Sheibani

Publications and source records attributed to K Sheibani.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed1987

Recognition of hairy cell leukemia in a spleen of normal weight. The contribution of immunohistologic studies.

A 68-year-old man with known hairy cell leukemia (HCL) underwent splenectomy; the spleen weighed only 140 g. Microscopic examination of the spleen revealed no clear diagnostic evidence of HCL, but there was an unusual and suspicious subendothelial lymphoid infiltration of the trabecular veins. Cell suspension studies also were not diagnostic because a monoclonal B-cell population could not be defined. Alternatively, when we focused on the subendothelial infiltrate in the frozen sections prepared for immunohistochemical studies, the findings indicated that the subendothelial cells were monoclonal B-cells (IgG, kappa). Staining with monoclonal antibodies disclosed the phenotype Tac+, Leu-14+, Leu-M5+, B2-, BA-1-, and BA-2-, a phenotype characteristic of HCL. In this case, an unusual but nondiagnostic morphologic finding provided guidance for the correlative immunophenotypic analysis of the same site in frozen sections and thereby allowed a definitive diagnosis.

Aged↗

PubMed1987

Quantitation of human cytomegalovirus DNA in lungs from bone marrow transplant recipients with interstitial pneumonia.

DNA-DNA hybridization was compared with culture for virus and histopathology for the detection and quantitation of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in lungs from bone marrow transplant recipients. The hybridization assay detected 100 pg of HCMV DNA or greater than 520 plaque-forming unit equivalents. Compared with culture for virus, the hybridization assay had a sensitivity of 90.6% and a specificity of 77.8%. The quantity of HCMV DNA and the infectivity titer were directly correlated. Quantitation of HCMV DNA by hybridization was more reproducible than were infectivity titers for frozen specimens. Histopathologic examination of lung specimens detected HCMV inclusions in 60% (15 of 25) of patients with HCMV-associated interstitial pneumonia, whereas hybridization results were positive for 96% (24 of 25) of these patients. A significant inverse correlation was demonstrated between quantitative values for HCMV DNA and the duration of pneumonia.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗

PubMed1987

Distinction between undifferentiated (small noncleaved) and lymphoblastic lymphoma. An immunohistologic study on paraffin-embedded, fixed tissue sections.

The morphologic differentiation between malignant lymphoma of the small noncleaved cell (SNC) type and lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) is at times difficult, particularly when fresh tissue is not available for immunologic studies. We have examined the reactivities of a panel of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, including LN-1, LN-2, and antibodies to immunoglobulin light chains, leukocyte common antigen (LCA), Leu-M1, vimentin, S-100 protein, lysozyme, and alpha-1-antitrypsin, in paraffin-embedded, B5- and formalin-fixed tissue involved by SNC or LBL. The immunophenotypes in all of the cases included in this study had been characterized previously in fresh-frozen sections or cell suspensions. Among 21 samples of B5-fixed SNC, LN-1 was reactive in 17 and LN-2 in 18 cases. Among 13 B5-fixed LBL, LN-1 was reactive in two cases and LN-2 was reactive in two cases. Each of 20 B5-fixed samples of SNC was reactive with at least one of the antibodies, whereas 10 of the 13 B5-fixed samples of LBL were negative for both antibodies. Lesser reactivity was evident in formalin-fixed tissues, with only nine of 27 SNC specimens positive for LN-1 and 16 of 27 positive for LN-2. Most or all of the SNC and LBL samples were negative for immunoglobulin light chains, Leu-M1, vimentin, S-100 protein, lysozyme, and alpha-1-antitrypsin. The majority of both SNC and LBL were positive for LCA. We conclude that LN-1, preferably in combination with LN-2, can be used for distinguishing between SNC and LBL in paraffin-embedded, B5-fixed tissue when fresh tissue is not available.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

Distribution of lymphocytes with interleukin-2 receptors (TAC antigens) in reactive lymphoproliferative processes, Hodgkin's disease, and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. An immunohistologic study of 300 cases.

The authors investigated the distribution of interleukin-2 receptors (TAC antigen) in the lymph nodes of 300 patients with lymphoproliferative disorders. They used fresh-frozen sections to evaluate a possible correlation between the immunophenotype of specific lymphoid disorders and the presence or absence of TAC expression and to determine whether the TAC positivity of lymphoid cells contributes to the characterization of lymphoproliferative processes. All of the cases had previously been studied with a large screening panel of monoclonal antibodies and polyclonal antisera. Among 85 patients with a variety of benign reactive processes, the lymph nodes from 47 contained TAC-bearing lymphocytes in various patterns of distribution. Of 41 patients with Hodgkin's disease, 37 had TAC-bearing lymphocytes. Of 26 B-cell, well-differentiated lymphocytic lymphomas (WDL), 14 were diffusely TAC-positive and one had TAC-bearing cells in random distribution. Six cases of intermediate lymphocytic lymphoma were also studied, and three showed randomly distributed TAC-bearing lymphocytes. Of 19 patients with follicular or follicular and diffuse, poorly differentiated lymphocytic (PDL) lymphoma, 14 were TAC-positive. All 3 diffuse PDL lymphomas studied were TAC-negative. Among 23 cases of B-cell and 5 cases of T-cell mixed cell lymphoma, 15 and three, respectively, had TAC-positive lymphocytes. Of 39 large cell lymphomas (B-cell, 33; T-cell, 6), 14 were TAC-positive. All 13 cases of hairy cell leukemia were diffusely positive. Of 23 T-lymphoblastic lymphomas, only 1 showed positive TAC reactivity, which was focal. Of 5 cases of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, 2 had TAC-bearing lymphocytes. Our study indicates that the TAC antigen is not lineage-specific, and that it may be expressed by lymphoid cells regardless of their phenotype.

B-Lymphocytes↗

PubMed1987

Hairy cells and monocytoid B lymphocytes: are they related?

The normal tissue counterpart of hairy cell leukemia is unknown. Because of the morphologic similarities of hairy cells to reactive and lymphomatous monocytoid cells, we compared the phenotypic characteristics of seven spleens involved by hairy cell leukemia with four reactive lymph nodes containing benign monocytoid B cells and three lymph nodes diagnosed as monocytoid B cell lymphoma. The hairy cells had a phenotype of surface Ig+, B1/Leu-14+, Leu-M5+, PCA-1+, Tac+, B2-, BA-1-, BA-2-, J5-, T10-, T11-, Leu-1-, Leu-2a-, Leu-3a-. The immunophenotype of both the reactive and neoplastic monocytoid B lymphocytes was virtually identical to the hairy cells. The major difference was that monocytoid B cells failed to react with anti-Tac and that PCA-1 expression was inconsistent. Despite these variances, the immunophenotypic similarities are remarkable, particularly the common expression of B1/Leu-14 and Leu-M5 (S-HCL3), and suggest a possible lineage relationship between hairy and monocytoid B cells.

Antigens, Differentiation↗

PubMed1987

Rearrangement of kappa-chain and T-cell receptor beta-chain genes in malignant lymphomas of "T-cell" phenotype.

Detection of immunoglobulin gene rearrangements by molecular hybridization is considered to be a highly sensitive approach to the evaluation of clonality of B-cell-derived neoplasms. Like monoclonal surface immunoglobulin in B cells, which serves as a reliable immunophenotypic marker for clonality, rearrangement of the genes encoding immunoglobulin light chains has been accepted as a reliable genotypic marker for the presence of a clonal expansion of B lymphocytes. The authors now report 3 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that were immunologically classified as having a T-cell phenotype and in which, in addition to rearrangements of the T-cell receptor beta-chain gene, a rearrangement of an immunoglobulin light-chain gene was clearly identified by Southern blot hybridization. The results demonstrate that the data obtained by molecular hybridization should be interpreted with caution when the immunogenetic findings do not correlate with immunophenotypic expression, and that the results of molecular genetics studies should be interpreted in conjunction with morphologic and immunologic findings.

Aged↗

PubMed1986

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma. A case report demonstrating morphologic heterogeneity and progression, and atypical immune reactions.

Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) comprise a morphologically heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The authors report on PTCL occurring in a 13-year-old girl, in whom they were able to evaluate histologic material from 11 biopsy specimens obtained during her 8-month clinical course. These biopsy specimens demonstrated morphologic progression from atypical immune reactions and diffuse mixed cell lymphoma observed at different anatomic sites during early stages of the disease to pleomorphic large cell lymphoma with erythrophagocytic tumor cells at the time of her death. Morphologic variability of PTCL that may occur during the course of a patient's illness was demonstrated, and discordant histologic findings in biopsy specimens obtained simultaneously from different anatomic sites was noted. The morphologic evolution of PTCL was expressed, in sequential biopsy specimens, by a progressive cellular pleomorphism with the appearance of large, often bizarre lymphoid cells. This was associated with the gradual diminution and disappearance of the B-cell areas and epithelioid histiocytic reactions which were present initially in the biopsy specimens. The findings suggest that some of the various morphologic descriptions of PTCL given in the literature may represent transient histologic expressions of the lymphoma at various stages in its natural history.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

Tumor DNA content in the prognosis of colorectal carcinoma.

Tumor DNA content has been described as having prognostic significance in patients with colorectal carcinoma. It has been unclear, however, whether tumor ploidy as a prognostic factor is independent of various standard prognostic variables such as depth of invasion and lymph node involvement by the tumor. We retrospectively examined 77 patients who were diagnosed between 1974 and 1980 as having had resectable Dukes' stage A, B, or C colorectal carcinomas. The DNA content of each tumor was analyzed by flow cytometry on paraffin-embedded specimens. Both for aneuploid stage B tumors and for the entire group of aneuploid tumors, the disease-free and overall survival times of the patients were significantly shorter than those of patients with diploid colorectal carcinomas. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that aneuploidy was an independent prognostic variable in predicting recurrent disease as well as death from the colorectal cancer. Tumor ploidy was, in fact, the single most important prognostic factor among all of the clinical and pathologic variables studied. Thus, the DNA content of colorectal carcinoma appears to play an important role in indicating the biologic aggressiveness of the disease.

Aneuploidy↗

PubMed1986

Further evidence that "malignant angioendotheliomatosis" is an angiotropic large-cell lymphoma.

Malignant angioendotheliomatosis is a rare, generally fatal disease characterized by a multifocal proliferation of neoplastic mononuclear cells within the lumens of small blood vessels. Although the disease primarily involves the vasculature of the skin and central nervous system, vascular involvement of other organs may occur and may produce a variety of clinical findings. Some early investigators concluded that malignant angioendotheliomatosis was a neoplasm of endothelial cells, but recently others have suggested that it is of hematopoietic origin. We have studied three patients with the disease and have characterized the immunophenotype of the neoplasm on cryostat-cut fresh-frozen tissues. A detailed antigenic phenotyping of neoplastic lymphoid cells showed that one patient had the immunophenotype T11+, Leu-1+, Leu-3+, Leu-2+, B1-, B2-, SIg-, LN1-, LN2-, the predominant phenotype for peripheral T-cell lymphoma; the others had T11-, Leu-1-, Leu-3-, Leu-2-, B1+, B2+, SIg+, LN1+, LN2+, consistent with a B-cell-derived lymphoma. On the basis of our results, we suggest that angiotropic (intravascular) large-cell lymphoma would be more appropriate than malignant angioendotheliomatosis as a name for this disease.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

Imaging of human colorectal adenocarcinoma with indium-labeled anticarcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody.

Twenty patients with 21 primary colorectal adenocarcinomas were studied with 2 mCl (7.6 X 10(7) becquerels) of indium-labeled monoclonal antibody (200 micrograms) specific for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Fifteen lesions (71%) were visualized by gamma camera scintigraphy at 48 hours postinjection. Tumors that were identified by immunoscintigraphy were large (38.10 +/- 17.76 cm3 vs 6.00 +/- 1.65 cm3), had a grossly fungating component, had a high content of CEA by enzyme immunoassay (12.9 +/- 3.6 micrograms/g vs 3.3 +/- 1.7 micrograms/g), and had an apical and/or intraluminal staining pattern on immunohistologic section. Patients whose tumors were visualized had a low serum CEA level (1.9 +/- 0.4 ng/mL vs 14.6 +/- 8.0 ng/mL). Prospective selection of patients for follow-up imaging or therapy with radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies may be feasible using these measurements.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1986

Tumor DNA content in primary and metastatic colorectal carcinoma.

We performed this study to determine if tumor DNA content was an independent prognostic indicator in patients with primary tumors or hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer. We analyzed tumor DNA content by flow cytometry from paraffin-embedded specimens in 133 patients. In the 77 patients with primary colorectal cancer who had had "curative" resection, DNA content of the tumor was an independent prognostic indicator in predicting both relapse-free and overall survival. Logistics regression analysis demonstrated that aneuploidy, ie, tumors that exhibited a population of cells with an "abnormal" DNA content, was the single most important variable in predicting both recurrence and death from disease, even more important than stage. However, in 56 patients with hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer, the DNA content of the liver metastases bore no relationship to the patients' survival or their response to therapy. These data suggest that tumor DNA content is an important prognostic indicator in patients with primary colorectal carcinoma but does not reflect the natural history of patients with liver metastases.

Colonic Neoplasms↗

PubMed1986

Angiotropic large cell lymphoma of the prostate gland: an immunohistochemical study.

Malignant angioendotheliomatosis (MAE) is a rare disorder characterized by the intravascular proliferation of neoplastic mononuclear cells. Until recently, the cell of origin was uncertain; some investigators reported MAE to be lymphomatous in nature, while others claimed it to be of endothelial derivation. In the present unusual case, MAE was an incidental findings in the prostate of a patient with prostatic adenocarcinoma; it is shown to be a lymphoma of B-cell origin.

Aged↗

PubMed1986

Immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor beta-chain gene rearrangement analysis of Hodgkin's disease: implications for lineage determination and differential diagnosis.

The lineage and clonality of Hodgkin's disease (HD) were investigated by analyzing the organization of the immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor beta-chain (T beta) gene loci in 18 cases of HD, and for comparison, in a panel of 103 cases of B- and T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) and lymphoid leukemias (LLs). Sizable clonal B- or T-cell populations, representing greater than or equal to 10% of the pathologic sample, were readily detectable by immunogenotypic analysis in all 103 NHLs and LLs but not in any of the 18 cases of HD. However, extremely minor clonal populations (less than or equal to 1%) were detectable in 3 of 18 cases of HD. We demonstrated that these minor clonal populations do not correspond to Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells since clonal immunoglobulin or T beta gene rearrangements are not detectable in cases of HD containing greater than 25% RS cells. The number of RS cells present in these samples appeared to correlate directly with the pattern of gene rearrangements characteristic of polyclonal T cells. These studies demonstrate that Southern blot hybridization analysis for clonal immunoglobulin and T beta gene rearrangements represents an accurate, objective tool in the differential diagnosis between HD and NHL; that HD is predominantly composed of polyclonal B and T cells; that minor clonal B- or T-cell populations unrelated to RS cells occasionally can be found in HD; and that RS cells do not represent clonal B- or T-cell expansions. Finally, our data preliminarily suggest that RS cells may represent polyclonal T-cell populations.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

Detection of lymphocyte antigens in tissues placed in transport medium. Comparison with cryostat fresh-frozen section technic. An immunologic study of 56 cases.

It has been suggested recently that use of a transport medium (Michel's medium) satisfactorily preserves the antigenicity of surface markers on lymphocytes for immunologic evaluation. Transport medium has been reported to be especially useful when immediate preparation of a specimen for immunologic study is not possible. Because adverse conditions such as changes in temperature during the transport of fresh-frozen tissue may markedly alter immunologic markers, it is desirable to transport fresh tissue in a medium that does not adversely affect the immunoreactivity of the tissue antigens. Therefore, we undertook a comparative study in which we compared cryostat-cut, fresh-frozen sections and tissues fixed in transport medium. The specimens were obtained from 56 consecutive patients who had various malignant lymphomas and benign lymphoid disorders. The results of our study indicate that the morphologic and immunologic findings obtained from the frozen sections that had been maintained in the transport medium (Michel's) may be confusing and may be interpreted inaccurately. This study also confirms our previous observation that the inconclusive or spurious results occasionally obtained with cell suspension technics can be avoided if the immunohistochemical technics are applied to cryostat-cut, fresh-frozen sections. We conclude that immunohistochemical study of cryostat-cut fresh-frozen sections remains the technic of choice for the identification and evaluation of both the morphologic and immunologic characteristics of tissues involved by lymphoproliferative diseases.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1986

Leu-M1 antigen in human neoplasms. An immunohistologic study of 400 cases.

Several studies have shown that the Leu-M1 antigen, a monocyte/granulocyte-related marker, is consistently expressed by the neoplastic cells of patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD). It has been suggested that reactivity of Reed-Sternberg cells with Leu-M1 can be used in support of a morphologic interpretation of HD, and that it is helpful in the differential diagnosis of HD from morphologically similar lesions. To evaluate the significance of the Leu-M1 positivity of Reed-Sternberg cells in the diagnosis of HD, we investigated the distribution of Leu-M1 antigen in a series of patients with HD, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, and nonhematopoietic neoplasms. We were able to demonstrate the presence of Leu-M1 antigen not only in the majority of patients with HD, but also in 12 of 18 (67%) peripheral T-cell lymphomas, as well as in a variety of nonhematopoietic neoplasms, which included 113 of 199 carcinomas, most of them (58%) adenocarcinomas. Only one of 34 sarcomas showed a focal positive reaction. Leu-M1-related antigen was not detected in any of 18 mesotheliomas, 15 germ cell tumors, 13 melanomas, three schwannomas, or three astrocytomas. Our study indicates that Leu-M1 positivity has no value in supporting the diagnosis of HD in situations where the histologic diagnosis of HD is doubtful. However, since anti-Leu-M1 reacted positively in the majority of adenocarcinomas but was absent in mesotheliomas, melanomas, and most sarcomas, this antigen could serve as a new marker that may be helpful in situations in which carcinoma is a part of the differential diagnosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1986

Antigenic phenotype of malignant mesotheliomas and pulmonary adenocarcinomas. An immunohistologic analysis demonstrating the value of Leu M1 antigen.

To evaluate the usefulness of an immunohistologic approach to the differential diagnosis of mesothelioma and pulmonary adenocarcinoma, the authors studied paraffin-embedded, fixed tissue sections from 50 primary adenocarcinomas of the lung and 28 mesotheliomas of the pleura by using a panel of monoclonal antikeratin, antihuman milk fat globule (HMFG-2), anti-Leu M1, and monoclonal anticarcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) antibody; we also used a conventional heterologous anti-CEA antiserum with and without prior absorption with spleen powder to remove antibodies to nonspecific cross-reacting antigen (NCA). Keratin was present in both mesotheliomas and adenocarcinomas and did not help in distinguishing between these two neoplasms. HMFG-2 was detected in 48 (96%), and Leu M1 was positive in 47 (94%) of the adenocarcinomas, but not in any of the mesotheliomas. By using conventional rabbit antiserum, the authors detected CEA in the majority of adenocarcinomas (96%), but also in two cases of mesothelioma. When the anti-CEA antiserum was absorbed with NCA, the number of positively reacting adenocarcinomas decreased considerably to 76%; however, after this treatment, none of the mesotheliomas gave positive reactions. The monoclonal anti-CEA antibody was reactive in 36 of the adenocarcinomas (72%), but in none of the mesotheliomas. Our results indicate that, in addition to HMFG-2 and CEA, the expression of Leu M1 antigen by most primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma (94%) and its absence in mesothelioma could be used as a valuable marker for primary adenocarcinoma of the lung that involves the pleura and permits its differentiation from mesothelioma.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1986

Dermatopathic lymphadenopathy. An immunophenotypic comparison of cases associated and unassociated with mycosis fungoides.

Documenting focal mycosis fungoides in lymph node biopsies that exhibit dermatopathic lymphadenopathy is morphologically difficult. Since mycosis fungoides is a lymphoma with the phenotype of mature T cells, usually of the T-helper class, the authors investigated whether there are alterations in the ratio of Leu 3a (T-helper):Leu 2a (T-suppressor) cells in dermatopathic lymphadenopathy in order to determine the significance of immunologic markers as a possible solution to the problem. Ten lymph node biopsy specimens with diagnostic evidence of dermatopathic lymphadenopathy, but not of mycosis fungoides, were studied with the use of fresh-frozen section immunohistochemistry (FS), cell suspensions (CS), or both; five of the specimens came from patients with known cutaneous mycosis fungoides, and the other five came from patients without mycosis fungoides. The mean Leu 3a/Leu 2a ratio was 7.0 +/- 1.06 (SE) in all 10 cases of dermatopathic lymphadenopathy studied by FS and 6.9 +/- 1.14 in the 6 cases studied by CS. These ratios were significantly higher (P less than 0.001) than the mean Leu 3a/Leu 2a ratios of 2.9 +/- 0.29 (FS) and 2.4 +/- 0.22 (CS) in control lymph nodes exhibiting nonspecific reactive follicular hyperplasia, but were comparable to the mean Leu 3a/Leu 2a ratio of 5.9 obtained in two lymph node biopsies with unequivocal involvement by mycosis fungoides. Despite the increase in Leu 3a staining cells in dermatopathic lymphadenopathy, however, there were no essential differences in the Leu 3a/Leu 2a ratios between patients with and those without known mycosis fungoides. The use of other antibodies reactive with T cells, such as anti-Leu 8, anti-Leu 9, and anti-Tac also did not aid in this discrimination. The results indicate that determination of the Leu 3a/Leu 2a ratio and use of other conventional T-cell monoclonal antibodies do not provide conclusive evidence in support of a presumptive or early diagnosis of mycosis fungoides in a lymph node which fails to show histologic evidence of the disease.

Animals↗

PubMed1986

Monocytoid B-cell lymphoma. A novel B-cell neoplasm.

Monocytoid B lymphocytes (MBLs), originally described as part of the histologic picture of toxoplasmic lymphadenitis, have been recognized as a reactive component in a variety of lymph node disorders. The authors now report 3 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in which a multidisciplinary approach allowed them to confirm the existence of a malignant lymphoma composed of the neoplastic counterpart of the MBLs found in nonneoplastic disorders. In all 3 cases, the lymphoma was composed of a relatively monomorphous infiltrate of atypical MBLs that had rather uniform-appearing nuclei and had well-defined, moderately abundant pale cytoplasm. The pattern of lymph node involvement in all 3 cases was predominantly sinusoidal and interfollicular. The neoplastic lymphoid cells were strongly positive for B-cell-restricted antigens; the light- and heavy-chain phenotypes were kappa-IgM (2 cases) and kappa-IgG (1 case). In all 3 cases, rearrangement of heavy- and/or light-chain genes was clearly identified by Southern blot hybridization. The name "monocytoid B-cell lymphoma" is proposed for this newly described malignant B-cell neoplasm.

Aged↗