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K Sengoku

Publications and source records attributed to K Sengoku.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Pharmacokinetics and clinical evaluations on aztreonam in perinatal infections in obstetrics and gynecology. A study of aztreonam in the perinatal co-research group].

Pharmacokinetics and clinical studies on an injectable monobactam antibiotic aztreonam (AZT), were carried out in perinatal infections in obstetrics and gynecology and the obtained results are summarized as follows. 1. Pharmacokinetic study (1) Upon one-shot intravenous injection of AZT 1 g before delivery, maternal serum concentration of AZT was 89.0 micrograms/ml immediately after the injection and a half-life (T 1/2) of 0.96 hour was observed. Umbilical-cord serum concentration showed a peak value of 16.5 micrograms/ml at 1.26 hours after the injection and gradually decreased with a T 1/2 of 1.91 hours. The transfer into amniotic fluid was observed and the peak value of AZT in amniotic fluid reached 12.9 micrograms/ml at 5.57 hours after the injection and slowly decreased thereafter with a T 1/2 of 4.42 hours. Transfer and disappearance in one-shot 2 g intravenous injection and 1 g intravenous drip infusion (1 hour) of AZT were very similar to the results obtained with the one-shot 1 g intravenous injection. (2) The residual serum concentration in neonates after one-shot 1 g intravenous injection of AZT to the mother was almost below the detectable limit. Transfer of AZT into milk was scarcely recognized. 2. Clinical studies (1) AZT was injected to 47 cases with various perinatal infections and it was more than "effective" in 45 cases with an efficacy rate of 95.7%. Also, all the 12 cases to which AZT was administered for prophylaxis of infections showed prophylactic effect. Bacterial eradication was obtained with 25 strains out of 29 aerobic Gram-negative bacteria, but 1 strain "persisted" and for 3 strains results were "unknown", hence an eradication rate of 96.2% was obtained. However, AZT treatment resulted in a little lower eradication rate against Gram-positive bacteria. (2) One case (1.3%) of minor degree of urticaria was found as a side effect, and one case each of eosinophilia and elevation of GOT, GPT and Al-P was observed as abnormal laboratory value. From the above results of pharmacokinetics and clinical evaluation, it has been concluded that AZT is a useful and highly safe drug in various perinatal infections and prophylaxis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

In vitro fertilization in nonhuman primates.

Ovulation induction, sperm capacitation, and fertilization have been studied for over 50 years in nonhuman primates but it has only been in the past 20 years that extensive studies on sizeable numbers of embryos have been carried out. Of over 200 species of nonhuman primates only a few have been studied and the majority of the findings come from studies of the squirrel monkey, baboon, rhesus, and cynomolgus macaque. Nevertheless, the fertilization process appears to be similar to that identified in other mammals and in man.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on aztreonam in perinatal period].

Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies were carried out on aztreonam (AZT), a monobactam antibiotic with a high activity against Gram-negative bacteria. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Following 2 g bolus intravenous injection, transfers of AZT to umbilical cord serum and amniotic fluid were found to be satisfactory. AZT level in amniotic fluid was higher than 1 micrograms/ml at 40 minutes after administration and it was at 3.7 micrograms/ml in 23.5 hours. 2. In the treatment of 9 patients with perinatal infections, clinical efficacies of AZT were judged excellent in 3 cases and good in 6 cases. 3. No side effects and abnormal laboratory findings due to the drug were observed in any case. These results indicate that AZT may be a useful antibiotic for the treatment of perinatal infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The role of platelet activating factor in ovulation].

Ovulation is associated with inflammation-like changes. Platelet activating factor (PAF) participates in the inflammatory process. We evaluated the potential role of PAF in PMSG-HCG induced ovulation with CV3988, a specific PAF receptor antagonist in hyperovulated ICR mice (9-12 weeks old). Furthermore, we investigated whether prostaglandins (PGs) interfered with the ovulation induced by PAF. CV3988 blocked the ovulation in a dose dependent manner, and the significantly reduced ovulatory efficiency was observed at a dose greater than 500 micrograms (p less than 0.001). The ovulatory efficiency reduced by CV3988 (at a dose of 500 micrograms) was recovered by PAF in a dose dependent manner. PGs production in ovary was increased in reversing the blockade of ovulation with CV3988. These results suggest that PAF may be involved in the ovulation process and PGs may not potentiate the ability of PAF to play a role in ovulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Gonadotropin effects on chromosomal normality of hamster preimplantation embryos.

Induction of ovulation with pregnant mare's serum (PMS) and the timing of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection on chromosomal normality were examined in preimplantation hamster embryos. Two separate experimental trials were done. The first compared superovulation (SO, PMS on Day 1 of the cycle followed by hCG on Day 4) to natural ovulation. Natural mating was used. In the second series of trials, precocious superovulation (PSO, PMS on Day 1 followed by hCG on Day 3) was used. Since there is poor sperm transport in PSO females, direct uterine artificial insemination (AI) was used to achieve fertilization. The control animals in the second series of trials were naturally ovulating females subjected to the artificial insemination procedure. Of 785 embryos analyzed in the SO group, 9 (1.1%) were aneuploid (5 hyperploidy and 4 hypoploidy) and 8 (1.0%) showed triploidy. In the PSO group, artificial insemination resulted in a normal development rate of 85.5% up to the 2-cell stage. A total of 2.6% karyotypically abnormal embryos, consisting of 5 (1.1%) aneuploid and 7 (1.5%) polyploid, were found among 460 embryos examined in PSO females. No significant difference in the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities was observed between the stages of development. The overall incidence of chromosomal imbalance in hormonally treated females was not significantly different from that in controls (2.2% in SO cycles vs. 1.2% in natural cycles, 2.6% in PSO with AI vs. 2.4% in natural cycles with AI). These results indicate that PMS-hCG treatment has no adverse effect on the chromosomal integrity of hamster preimplantation embryos.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Comparative hemodynamic effects of midazolam and flunitrazepam as induction agents].

The cardiovascular effects of midazolam as induction agent in A.S.A. class 2 surgical patients (N = 6) were compared with a similar group of patients (N = 6) receiving flunitrazepam. An induction-sized dose of midazolam was 0.17 +/- 0.03 mg/kg and the dose of flunitrazepam was 0.036 +/- 0.0039 mg/kg. The induction-sized dose of midazolam produced a moderate cardiovascular depression, similar to flunitrazepam. Cardiac index, left ventricular stroke work index and mean pulmonary pressure were decreased significantly after injection of midazolam and mean arterial pressure, cardiac index and left ventricular stroke work index were decreased significantly after administration of flunitrazepam. Following the administration of midazolam, there were decreasing tendency of mean pulmonary pressure and pulmonary artery occluded pressure, and no change of central venous pressure, while increasing tendency of central venous pressure with flunitrazepam. Unlike flunitrazepam, midazolam may act capacitance vessels. However in this study, statistical significant differences between the hemodynamic effects of midazolam and those of flunitrazepam were not obtained.

Adjuvants, Anesthesia↗
PubMed1986

Ultrasonic and endocrinologic investigation of ovarian follicle and free fluid in cul-de-sac for monitoring follicular development and ovulation.

The accuracy of ultrasound as a means of monitoring follicular development and ovulation detection was studied in 31 infertile women. The follicular diameter measured by ultrasound correlated well actual diameter found during laparotomy (r = 0.88), and estradiol-17 beta (E2) and progesterone in follicular fluid aspirated from large follicles (greater than or equal to 16 mm) indicated high levels. Furthermore, in 23 out of the 55 cycles, ultrasound examinations demonstrated free fluid in cul-de-sac at ovulation, and concentrations of E2 and progesterone (P) in peritoneal fluid by the puncture of cul-de-sac dramatically increased after ovulation. We suggested that ultrasound monitoring provided a reliable measure of follicular growth and prediction of ovulation, and a combined use of ultrasound and puncture of cul-de-sac could be developed into a new tool for the study of the mechanism of human ovulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Possible role of prostaglandin F in blastocyst implantation.

The synthesis and release of Prostaglandin F (PGF) by the rabbit blastocyst and endometrium were investigated on Day 6 and Day 7, using radioimmunoassay, autoradiography and conversion experiments. The following results were obtained: The content of PGF in the blastocyst increased significantly (P less than 0.01) from Day 6 to Day 7. The content of PGF in the endometrium was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) on Day 7 implantation sites compared to the other areas. The in vitro synthesis and release of PGF by Day 6 blastocysts sharply increased after one and two hours of culture, respectively. Thereafter both values declined with time. The in vitro synthesis and release of PGF by Day 6 endometria increased continuously with time. 14C-arachidonic acid (14C-AA) was incorporated into Day 6 blastocysts in vitro and converted to PGF2 alpha. These results suggest that both the endometrium and the blastocyst are the sources of the PGs involved in implantation, and that PGF derived from the blastocysts may act as the trigger of implantation.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Penetration of imipenem/cilastatin sodium into the tissues of the female reproductive organs].

A new combined preparation, imipenem/cilastatin (MK-0787/MK-0791), was evaluated its penetration into the plasma and tissues with the following results: After an intravenous drip infusion of 500 mg/500 mg of MK-0787/MK-0791, the plasma concentration of drug achieved in the uterine artery was almost equal to that in the antecubital vein, showing good penetration of the drug. After an intravenous drip infusion of 500 mg/500 mg of MK-0787/MK-0791, favorable concentrations were achieved in all of the adnexal and uterine tissues studied. From the results obtained, it is expected that MK-0787/MK-0791 will be highly effective in the field of obstetrics and gynecology.

Adnexa Uteri↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical and laboratory evaluations of ceftazidime in perinatal use. A study of ceftazidime in the perinatal co-research group].

Efficacy and safety of ceftazidime (CAZ) in women during the perinatal period and their neonates were evaluated by a perinatal co-research group, and the results obtained were summarized as follows. Following an intravenous bolus injection or a drip infusion of CAZ from 1 g to 2 g, CAZ was transferred to maternal serum, umbilical cord serum and amniotic fluid rapidly and effectively. In 31 cases of perinatal infections, clinical efficacy was excellent in 10 cases, good in 18 and poor in 3, with an efficacy rate of 90.3%. In 85 cases given CAZ for prophylaxis of infections accompanying premature rupture of the membrane or following cesarean section, prophylactic effects were noted in 81 cases (efficacy rate: 95.3%). Neither adverse effects, nor abnormal laboratory findings were observed in any case. Also, no abnormalities in total serum bilirubin were observed in any neonates. From the above results, CAZ is considered to be a safe and useful drug for infections in women in perinatal period, usually in a unit dose of 1 g twice daily, or if necessary, 2 g twice daily.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Fundamental and clinical evaluation of ceftazidime in perinatal studies].

In a chemotherapy of perinatal infections, the safety of mothers and their neonates and the transfer of a drug to amniotic fluid and fetus as well as its bacteriological efficacy are some of the important factors. In the present study, the authors have carried out a pharmacokinetic evaluation on the transfer of ceftazidime (CAZ), a new cephalosporin, to amniotic fluid and umbilical cord serum, and also a clinical study on its efficacy and safety in 3 cases of perinatal infections. Transfer ratios of CAZ to umbilical serum and to amniotic fluid were 25.3-46.5% and 0.6-17.5% (of maternal serum), respectively, after 1 g of CAZ was administered by bolus intravenous injection, and 24.3-85.8% and 1.6-17.5% (of maternal serum), respectively, after 2 g of CAZ was administered by bolus intravenous injection. These levels were high enough to expect that CAZ is an effective antibiotic both for treatment and prophylaxis of intrauterine fetal infections. Out of the 3 cases treated with CAZ, clinical efficacy was good in 2 cases which did not respond to other antibiotics. CAZ was considered to be clinically effective, although the number of cases treated was small. No abnormalities were observed at all either in subjective symptoms or objective findings in laboratory findings such as hepatic and renal functions of mothers, or neonates. This confirmed the high safety of CAZ. As earlier reports indicate, CAZ has a broad-spectrum of antibacterial activity against various bacteria including Gram-negative organisms and anaerobes, and shows a good transfer into intrauterine tissues, and high clinical efficacy in the field of obstetrics and gynecology.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1986

[Oxygen tension of preimplantation hamster embryos].

The intracellular oxygen tension in hamster embryos at various early stages of development was examined using a microelectrode technique. Changes in PO2 values before and after insemination in vitro were also investigated. The results were as follows. The oxygen tension in the culture medium was 83.8-99.0 mmHg. On the other hand, the mean oxygen tension in unfertilized oocytes was 51.1 +/- 7.3 mmHg (range 38.0-63.8 mmHg) and remained at these unfertilized levels throughout fertilization (49.6 +/- 7.1 mmHg). Slight but significant increases in oxygen tension in embryos occurred at the 2 cell stage and each successive stage. Mean values for PO2 in 2 cell, 4 cell and 6-8 cell stages were 58.5 +/- 5.6, 59.7 +/- 6.2 and 60.7 +/- 3.1 mmHg, respectively. These results suggested that the respiratory activity of oocytes seemed to be increased during the early cleavage stage and that this microelectrode technique should be useful in further studies of respiratory metabolism in oocytes and preimplantation embryos.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Transfer of cefminox to tissues in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Cefminox (CMNX, MT-141), a new cephamycin, was studied of its transfer into the serum and tissues with following results: After an intravenous injection of 1 g of CMNX, the serum concentration of the drug achieved in the uterine artery was almost equal to that in the elbow vein, showing good transfer of the drug. After an intravenous injection of 1 g of CMNX, favorable results were also obtained for concentrations achieved in all of the adnexal and uterine tissues studied. From the results obtained, it is expected that CMNX is highly effective in particular for infections caused by E. coli, Klebsiella sp. and B. fragilis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Fundamental and clinical studies on cefpimizole in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Fundamental and clinical studies on cefpimizole (AC-1370), a new cephalosporin derivative, in the field of obstetrics and gynecology have been investigated, and the following results were obtained. High concentrations of AC-1370 in internal genital organs were detected after intravenous administration of 1.0 g of AC-1370. In the treatment of 14 cases of infection, the therapeutic effects were excellent or good in 11 cases and overall efficiency rate excluding 1 case with side effects was 84.6% (11/13). No serious side effect was observed except 1 case of nausea and vomiting.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Assessment of follicular development and ovulation by ultrasound].

The relation between ultrasonographic signs of ovulation and serum estradiol (E2) rise and luteinizing hormone (LH) surge were studied. Forty-eight cycles were examined in Twenty-eight infertile patients. The correlation between the follicular diameter as measured by ultrasound and actual follicular diameter under direct visualization was also determined in 19 follicles of the 25 patients who had undergone laparotomy. In 34 of the 48 cycles, growing follicles and follicular rupture could be observed by ultrasound (72.3%). The mean diameter of the follicles measured the day before estimated ovulation was 22.4 +/- 2.75 mm(range 16-27mm). The ultrasonographic ovulation period (UOP) occurred within 24 hours from the day of maximal LH levels in 24 of the 34 cycles, and within 48 hours from the day of the E2 peak in 25 of the 34 cycles. The follicular diameter measured by ultrasound was greater than the actual diameter found during laparotomy, but there was a high degree of correlation (r = 0.900). Furthermore, the E2 and P levels in follicular fluid were high in large follicles and correlated well with the ultrasound assessments of follicular size. These results suggested that ultrasonic monitoring provides a reliable measure of follicular growth and prediction of ovulation, and offers a highly sophisticated scientific tool for the study of reproductive endocrinology.

Adult↗