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Biomedical subjects

K Sekiguchi

Publications and source records attributed to K Sekiguchi.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources

Human tissue fibronectin: expression of different isotypes in the adult and fetal tissues.

The isotype of fibronectin present in human adult and fetal lung tissues was studied by limited proteolysis by cathepsin D followed by immunoblot analysis with domain-specific antibodies. The results indicate that the fibronectin in the adult lung tissue is predominantly the plasma-type whereas the fibronectin in the fetal lung tissue is more related to the cellular-type than to the plasma-type. Thus, it appears that the fibronectin isotype in tissue switches from the cellular-type to the plasma-type during ontogenesis.

Adult↗

Stereospecificity of diacylglycerol for stimulus-response coupling in platelets.

In intact platelets, a permeable diacylglycerol having a 1,2-sn- but not 2,3-sn- configuration activated protein kinase C directly. In the presence of Ca2+-ionophore this diacylglycerol caused full activation of platelet release reaction. 1,3-Isomer was inactive. Among these isomers only 1,2-sn-diacylglycerol was converted rapidly to the corresponding phosphatidic acid in both intact and broken cell preparations. Thus, the diacylglycerol which functions in stimulus-response coupling possesses a 1,2-sn-glycerol backbone, and other isomers are not involved in the signal transduction through the protein kinase C pathway.

Blood Platelets↗

Human liver fibronectin complementary DNAs: identification of two different messenger RNAs possibly encoding the alpha and beta subunits of plasma fibronectin.

Human fibronectin polymorphism arises from variation in the C-terminal region [e.g., Sekiguchi, K., Siri, A., Zardi, L., & Hakomori, S. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 5105-5114]. In order to verify the chemical basis of the fibronectin polymorphism, cDNAs encoding the C-terminal region of human liver fibronectin have been isolated, sequenced, and compared with cDNAs encoding so-called "cellular fibronectin" (i.e., fibronectin produced by cultured cells in vitro). Among the five independent cDNAs thus isolated, two cDNAs, named pLF2 and pLF4, differed in the nucleotide sequence at the "type III connecting segment" (IIIcs) region. pLF4 contained 192 bases in this region whereas pLF2 completely lacked these bases. S1 mapping analysis indicated that both cDNAs with and without the 192 bases are faithful copies of two fibronectin mRNA species abundantly present in human liver. Comparison of the liver cDNAs with those coding for cellular fibronectin indicates that the latter cDNAs contain the 75-base and/or 93-base extra segments at the 5' and 3' boundaries of the 192-base IIIcs region. These extra segments have the consensus sequences for the 3' splice sites at their 3' ends, suggesting that fibronectin mRNAs with partial or complete deletion of the IIIcs sequence result from alternative splicing of a primary RNA transcript. Liver fibronectin cDNAs also lacked the 270-based "extra domain" (ED) segment present in some, but not all, cDNAs encoding cellular fibronectin. Thus, cellular fibronectin appears to have three extra peptide segments, encoded by the 75-base and 93-base segments in the IIIcs region and by the 270-base ED region, that are mostly absent in the liver fibronectin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amino Acid Sequence↗

Molecular cloning of unintegrated closed circular DNA of porcine retrovirus.

Viral DNA of unintegrated closed circular form was isolated from a swine kidney cell line (SKL) which was infected with a porcine retrovirus Tsukuba-1 (PRetV) produced from a swine malignant lymphoma-derived cell line. Shimozuma-1 and cloned using a lambda phage vector, Charon 21A. One of ten independent clones contained the 8.3 kb DNA fragment as an insert, which was thought to be a full length of viral DNA molecule carrying a long terminal repeat (LTR) sequence. We have analyzed this insert by mapping the recognition sites of some restriction endonucleases by Southern blot hybridization with appropriate probes.

Animals↗

Differences in domain structure between human fibronectins isolated from plasma and from culture supernatants of normal and transformed fibroblasts. Studies with domain-specific antibodies.

The domain structure of human fibronectins isolated from plasma and from the conditioned medium of normal and transformed fibroblasts was analyzed by limited proteolysis and S-cyanylation followed by immunostaining of released fragments with five kinds of antibodies, each specific for one functional domain. The results indicate that all three human fibronectins are composed of the same set of functional domains aligned in the same topological order. However, the following clear differences were found in specific fragments released from plasma fibronectin (pFN) and those released from fibronectin of normal (N-cFN) and transformed fibroblasts (T-cFN). Two fragments (Mr = 70,000 and 60,000) were released from the COOH-terminal region of pFN by cathepsin D. These fragments represent the COOH-terminal heparin-binding (Hep-2) and fibrin-binding (Fib-2) domains. The corresponding fragments released from both N-cFN and T-cFN by cathepsin D had much larger molecular weights (Mr = 100,000 and 83,000-74,000) than those from pFN. The fragments from the Fib-2 domain alone, however, did not show any difference among all three FNs. The internal region, from the gelatin-binding (Gel) domain through the Hep-2 domain, of N-cFN and T-cFN was released as a Mr = 210,000 fragment upon mild trypsin digestion. The corresponding fragment from pFN was released as a Mr = 185,000 fragment. The COOH-terminal half, including the Hep-2 domain, of both N-cFN and T-cFN was released by S-cyanylation as Mr = 160,000-145,000 fragments, which are 25,000-20,000 larger than the corresponding fragments of pFN. These results clearly indicate that the Hep-2 domain of N-cFN and T-cFN is 30,000-20,000 daltons larger than the same domain of pFN. Although various fragments released from N-cFN and T-cFN showed a similar pattern, there were minor differences. Thermolysin fragments derived from the Hep-2 domain of N-cFN were clearly distinguishable from those from T-cFN. Three groups of fragments with Mr = 40,000, 35,000-32,000, and 30,000 were released from N-cFN, while only the 35,000-32,000 fragment was released from T-cFN. The Mr = 44,000/60,000 thermolysin fragments representing the Gel domain and the Mr = 210,000/165,000 tryptic fragments representing the internal domains of T-cFN were slightly, but consistently, larger than those of N-cFN.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

Glial fibrillary acidic protein in medulloblastomas.

Two cases of medulloblastoma are described which show positive immunostaining for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in many cells. The surgical and autopsy specimens were examined by the indirect immunoperoxidase method. Positive staining for GFAP was demonstrated in the small, round to polygonal cells in both surgical specimens and in the small spindle cells in the autopsy specimen of one case. In the small, round to polygonal cells positive GFAP was shown as a perinuclear brown rim or intracytoplasmic brown droplet. In the small spindle cells, the cytoplasm and the polar processes were stained. Except for GFAP staining, these positive cells were morphologically indistinguishable from the accompanying unstained cells, indicating that GFAP was expressed in the medulloblastoma cells. Considering that GFAP is specific for astrocytes, these findings suggest the potential of astrocytic differentiation in the neoplastic cells of these medulloblastomas. The findings obtained in other 28 medulloblastomas examined in parallel are also discussed briefly.

Biopsy↗

[Intraoperative radiotherapy of unresectable pancreatic carcinoma].

Twenty-eight cases of unresectable pancreatic carcinoma were treated with intraoperative radiotherapy (IOR) with or without postoperative radiotherapy (POR) from 1975 to 1982 at Tokyo Women's Medical College. The results were as follows. IOR was effective for pain relief, and the response rate was 93%. Twenty-five Gy of IOR, considering sequential POR, was a reasonable dose in about an 8 X 8 cm to 10 X 10 cm radiation field. Precise staging and marking of the tumor edge at operation were important for the treatment planning after IOR. Radiotherapy should be considered in the multimodal treatment of pancreatic carcinoma.

Adult↗

Osteogenic sarcoma of the fourth thoracic vertebra. Long-term survival by chemotherapy only.

A unique case of a 15-year-old boy with complete paraplegia due to the compression of osteogenic sarcoma at the fourth thoracic vertebra is presented. Because of the difficulty of surgical treatment, he was treated merely by the arterial infusion of Adriamycin (doxorubicin) and systemic chemotherapy in conformity with the cyclophosphamide, Oncovin (vincristine), methotrexate, phenylalanine mustard, Adriamycin (doxorubicin) ( COMPADRI )-III regimen. The patient regained normal function, and has been disease-free without any neurologic deficit for 6 years. There appears to be some hope for cure using chemotherapy only in otherwise unpromising patients.

Adolescent↗

Studies on perivitelline fluid of horseshoe crab embryo. I. Purification and properties of agglutinin from the perivitelline fluid of Tachypleus gigas embryo.

Agglutinin in the perivitelline fluid (PVF) of Tachypleus gigas, horseshoe crab, embryo was isolated and purified by a combination of affinity column chromatography on Sepharose 4B coupled with bovine submaxillary gland mucin and gel-filtration of Fractogel TSK (Toyopearl) HW-60 in Tris-NaCl-CaCl2 (0.05 M Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, containing 0.5 M NaCl and 0.1 M CaCl2) buffer, containing 1 M urea. The specific activity of the purified protein was increased about 1,300 times in comparison with that of the starting material. The active protein was present in highly polymerized forms which were multimers of an identical subunit with a molecular weight of approximately 40,000 as measured by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This agglutinin was shown to have multimeric activity towards different kinds of erythrocytes and its hemagglutinating activity was inhibited by N-acetylamino sugars and bovine submaxillary gland mucin containing sialic acid. Urea and guanidine-HCl inhibited the agglutinating activity but the activity recovered after dilution or dialysis, whereas the effect of HCl, NaOH, or 2-mercaptoethanol was irreversible.

Animals↗

Studies on perivitelline fluid of horseshoe crab embryo. II. Purification of agglutinin-binding substance from the perivitelline fluid of Tachypleus gigas embryo.

Three glycoproteins with potent agglutinin-binding activity have been isolated from the perivitelline fluid of Tachypleus gigas, horseshoe crab, embryo. In the native form, these agglutinin-binding substances were highly aggregated. After being dissociated in 10 M urea, these proteins were fractionated by gel-filtration on a Fractogel TSK (Toyopearl) HW-60 in Tris-NaCl-CaCl2 (0.05 M Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, containing 0.5 M NaCl and 0.1 M CaCl2) containing 10 M urea. The proteins thus obtained were designated as ABS-I, -II, and -III in the order of elution and have apparent molecular weights of 25,000 (ABS-II) and 10,000 (ABS-III) as judged by both gel-filtration on Fractogel TSK (Toyopearl) HW-60 in 10 M urea and sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis; the molecular weight of ABS-I could not be estimated in the two systems since it was too high. ABS-I, -II, and -III, of which only ABS-I is water-soluble, inhibit one hemagglutination unit of activity with minimum quantities of 0.5 micrograms/ml, 7.8 micrograms/ml, and 1.0 micrograms/ml, respectively. They were found to be glycoproteins in which 6.6% of the dry weight (ABS-I), 4.2% of the dry weight (ABS-II), and 7.5% of the dry weight (ABS-III) were carbohydrate. The dry weight ratio of hexosamines in these substances is 3:1:2 (ABS-I: ABS-II: ABS-III), and that of sialic acid is also 3:1:2. Amino acid analyses of these proteins indicated that they have high contents of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and glycine in common.

Amino Acids↗